• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.372-381
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• 2015

Mathematics and science are very closely related. Among the science areas, physic is strongly linked with mathematics. As the related mathematics skills were alloted later than the science contents in the national curriculum, students often suffer from science classes. Accordingly, an opinion have been claimed to teach the related mathematics skills prior to the science classes. However, it would be hard to arrange all science and mathematics contents in order. Instead of that, in this research, we taught students mathematics contents that are crucial for learning speed through science classes. We called that teaching strategy an integrated science and mathematics class. Then, we examined students' achievement in science as well as skills of mathematics to know the effectiveness of the strategy. We found that the average mathematics score of the whole class went up meaningfully. We also found that their science achievement was above than basic level. Moreover, the homeroom teacher of the students observed 3 aspects which showed the students were better than previous students. Finally, we divided the students into 4 groups by their science and mathematics achievement score and interviewed each group. As a result, we knew that interesting and confidence in science and mathematics quite exerted influence on their achievement.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2017

Aflatoxins are classified as Group 1 (carcinogenic to humans) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In this study, a total of 134 fungal strains were isolated from 65 meju samples, and two fungal isolates were selected as potential aflatoxin $B_1$ ($AFB_1$)-biodetoxification fungi. These fungi were identified as Aspergillus oryzae MAO103 and A. oryzae MAO104 by sequencing the beta-tubulin gene. The two A. oryzae strains were able to degrade more than 90% of $AFB_1$ (initial concentration: $40{\mu}g/l$) in a culture broth in 14 days. The mutagenic effects of $AFB_1$ treated with A. oryzae MAO103 and MAO104 significantly decreased to 5.7% and 6.4%, respectively, in the frame-shift mutation of Ames tests using Salmonella typhimurium TA98. The base-substituting mutagenicity of $AFB_1$ was also decreased by the two fungi. Moreover, $AFB_1$ production by Aspergillus flavus was significantly decreased by the two A. oryzae strains on soybean-based agar plates. Our data suggest that the two $AFB_1$-detoxifying A. oryzae strains have potential application to control $AFB_1$ in foods and feeds.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.187-195
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• 2019

이 연구의 목적은 2015 개정 교육과정에서 신설되어 2018학년도에 처음 적용된 고등학교 통합과학의 운영 실태를 진단하고 과학 교사들의 인식을 파악하며, 이로부터 현장 안착을 위한 시사점을 도출하는 것이다. 이를 위해 통합과학 교원 연수에 참여한 과학 교사를 대상으로 설문을 실시하였으며, 고등학교 과학 교사 384명의 응답 결과를 분석하였다. 분석 결과에 따르면 단위학교에서 통합과학은 6단위로 편성하고 2명 이상의 교사가 성취기준을 나누어 담당하는 경우가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 과학 교사들은 통합과학 적용으로 인한 가장 큰 변화로 학생 활동 증가를 꼽았으며, 수행평가 비중 증가, 평가 방법 다양화, 교사 간 협의 증가, 자연 현상의 통합적 이해 제고 등에 대해 대체로 긍정적 변화 인식을 보였다. 특히 화학을 전공한 교사들은 자연 현상의 통합적 이해 제고에, 교직 경력 15년 이상의 교사들은 학생 활동 증가, 평가 방법 다양화, 교사 간 협의 증가에 대해 더욱 긍정적으로 인식하고 있었다. 통합과학을 지도하는 데 있어서는 비전공 내용에 대한 교수를 가장 어려워하며, 가르쳐야 하는 내용의 적정 수준을 결정하는 것 역시 어렵게 느끼고 있었다. 그러나 공통과학을 전공한 교사들은 비전공 내용을 가르치는 것에는 어려움을 거의 호소하지 않았으며, 15년 이상 경력 교사들은 상대적으로 활동 위주의 수업과 과정 중심 평가에 어려움을 겪는 등 집단 간 차이도 확인되었다. 통합과학을 2명의 교사가 나누어 담당하는 경우에 연수 내용으로는 교과내용학, 연수 방법으로는 이론과 실천을 접목한 혼합 연수와 맞춤형 연수에 대한 요구가 통계적으로 유의하게 높았고, 1명의 교사가 전담하는 경우에는 대체로 가장 낮은 요구를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 통합과학이 성공적으로 실행되기 위해서는 양질의 교수학습 및 평가 자료를 개발하여 배포해야 하고 통합과학 지도를 위한 교사 연구 모임 등을 활성화하며, 중 장기적으로는 단위학교 상황에 맞게 적용할 수 있는 통합과학 편성 운영 모델을 개발하고 통합과학에 대한 전문성을 갖춘 과학 교사 양성 시스템이 요청됨을 논의하였다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2013

The integrated sensor module of vehicle combines the functions of rain sensor, auto defog sensor, and sun angle sensor into a single module. These functions originally were applied to work separatively. This integrated sensor module should meet the each performance which appears from the individual modules up to the same level or higher. Therefore, it is important to verify the stability and the accuracy considering the characteristics of the integrated sensor module according to various situations. For the verification, we need to use the actual data of integrated sensor module measured but, a lot of time and money is needed to collect data measured under various circumstances when operating. Thus, through the development of this simulator for the control of the integrated sensor module, we can use it effectively for the initial verification of integrated sensor module by implementing the various situations. In this paper, the simulator for controlling the integrated sensor module which combines vision-based rain sensor, auto defog sensor, auto light sensor, and sun angle sensor has been developed.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2023

This paper investigates the integrated control of an air-breathing hypersonic vehicle considering the safety of propulsion system under acceleration. First, the vehicle/engine coupling model that contains a control-oriented vehicle model and a quasi-one-dimensional dual-mode scramjet model is established. Next, the coupling process of the integrated control system is introduced in detail. Based on the coupling model, the integrated control framework is studied and an integrated control system including acceleration command generator, vehicle attitude control loop and engine multivariable control loop is discussed. Then, the effectiveness and superiority of the integrated control system are verified through the comparison of normal case and limiting case of an air-breathing hypersonic scramjet coupling model. Finally, the main results show that under normal acceleration case and limiting acceleration case, the integrated control system can track the altitude and speed of the vehicle extremely well and adjust the angle deflection of elevator to offset the thrust moment to maintain the attitude stability of the vehicle, while assigning the two-stage fuel equivalent ratio to meet the thrust performance and safety margin of the engine. Meanwhile, the high-acceleration requirement of the air-breathing hypersonic vehicle makes the propulsion system operating closer to the extreme dangerous conditions. The above contents demonstrate that considering the propulsion system safety will make integrated control system more real and meaningful.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2014

과학 기술 경쟁 시대라는 시대적 흐름에 따라 세계 주요 국가들이 STEAM 교육에 주목하고 있다. 우리나라 과학교육의 목적이 과학적 소양을 지닌 창의적 인재 육성이라는 점에서 보면 STEAM 교육의 필요성은 부정할 수 없는 사실이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 초등학교 6학년 과학 교과에서 활동과 흥미를 고려한 주제 중심의 STEAM 통합교육 프로그램을 개발하여 초등학생의 창의성 및 과학교과 흥미도에 어떤 영향을 주는지 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 STEAM 교육 프로그램은 6학년 각 단원별 마무리 활동에 단원 정리 및 심화 보충활동으로 적용할 수 있도록 개발하였다. 주제별 활동중심의 프로그램으로 학생들의 과학 학습을 통해서 창의성 및 과학교과 흥미도를 높이는데 주안점을 두었다. 개발한 STEAM 프로그램을 J도내 3개 초등학교 학생들에게 사전 사후에 투입한 결과, 실험 집단은 비교 집단에 비해 초등학생들의 창의성 및 과학 교과 흥미도가 유의미하게 향상되었다. 따라서 지속적이며 체계적인 STEAM 프로그램의 개발이 요구되며, 더 나아가서는 초등학교 전 학년에 걸쳐 적용할 수 있는 STEAM 프로그램을 개발하고 교육현장에서 적극적으로 활용하려는 노력이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.833-847
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• 2010

In the past decade, there have been many advances in whole-genome sequencing in domestic animals, as well as the development of "next-generation" sequencing technologies and high-throughput genotyping platforms. Consequently, these advances have led to the creation of the high-density SNP array as a state-of-the-art tool for genetics and genomics analyses of domestic animals. The emergence and utilization of SNP arrays will have significant impacts not only on the scale, speed, and expense of SNP genotyping, but also on theoretical and applied studies of quantitative genetics, population genetics and molecular evolution. The most promising applications in agriculture could be genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection for the improvement of economically important traits. However, some challenges still face these applications, such as incorporating linkage disequilibrium (LD) information from HapMap projects, data storage, and especially appropriate statistical analyses on the high-dimensional, structured genomics data. More efforts are still needed to make better use of the high-density SNP arrays in both academic studies and industrial applications.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.63-76
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• 2006

Multivariate analysis and batch monitoring on a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) are described for integrated wastewater treatment management system, where a batchwise multiway independent component analysis method (MICA) are used to extract meaningful hidden information from non-Gaussian wastewater treatment data. Three-way batch data of SBR are unfolded batch-wisely, and then a non-Gaussian multivariate monitoring method is used to capture the non-Gaussian characteristics of normal batches in biological wastewater treatment plant. It is successfully applied to an 80L SBR for biological wastewater treatment, which is characterized by a variety of error sources with non-Gaussian characteristics. The batchwise multivariate monitoring results of a pilot-scale SBR for integrated wastewater treatment management system showed more powerful monitoring performance on a WWTP application than the conventional method since it can extract non-Gaussian source signals which are independent and cross-correlation of variables.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.378-388
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• 2015

This paper proposes a pulse width modulation (PWM)-based sliding mode controller (SMC) for a full-bridge DC-DC converter that can eliminate static output voltage error. Hysteretic SMC in DC-DC converter does not have a fixed switching frequency, and applying hysteretic SMC to full-bridge converters is difficult. Fixed-frequency SMC, which is also called PWM-based SMC, based on equivalent control overcomes these shortcomings. However, the controller order reduction in equivalent control in PWM-based SMC causes static output voltage error. To resolve this issue, an integral item is added to the PWM-based SMC. Sliding mode coefficients are designed by applying a standard second-order system to the sliding mode surface. The effect of adding an integral item on the controller is analyzed, and an integral coefficient design method is proposed. Experiment results on a three-level full-bridge DC-DC converter verify the control scheme and design method proposed in this paper.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.259-270
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• 2013

A speaker's intentions can be represented by domain actions (domain-independent speech act and domain-dependent concept sequence pairs). Therefore, it is essential that domain actions be determined when implementing dialogue systems because a dialogue system should determine users' intentions from their utterances and should create counterpart intentions to the users' intentions. In this paper, a neural network model is proposed for classifying a user's domain actions and planning a system's domain actions. An integrated neural network model is proposed for simultaneously determining user and system domain actions using the same framework. The proposed model performed better than previous non-integrated models in an experiment using a goal-oriented dialogue corpus. This result shows that the proposed integration method contributes to improving domain action determination performance.