• ETRI Journal
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.328-336
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• 2003

Bluetooth is a specification for short-range wireless communication using the 2.4 GHz ISM band. It emphasizes low complexity, low power, and low cost. This paper describes an area-efficient digital baseband module for wireless technology. For area-efficiency, we carefully consider hardware and software partitioning. We implement complex control tasks of the Bluetooth baseband layer protocols in software running on an embedded microcontroller. Hardware-efficient functions, such as low-level bitstream link control; host controller interfaces (HCIs), such as universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART) and universal serial bus (USB)interfaces; and audio Codec are performed by dedicated hardware blocks. Furthermore, we eliminate FIFOs for data buffering between hardware functional units. The design is done using fully synthesizable Verilog HDL to enhance the portability between process technologies so that our module can be easily integrated as an intellectual property core no system-on-a-chip (SoC) ASICs. A field programmable gate array (FPGA) prototype of this module was tested for functional verification and realtime operation of file and bitstream transfers between PCs. The module was fabricated in a $0.25-{\mu}m$ CMOS technology, the core size of which was only 2.79 $mm{\times}2.80mm$.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.600-607
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• 2006

For the effective operation of manufacturing system, FMS(Flexible Manufacturing System) and CIM(Computer Integrated Manufacturing) system are developed. In these systems, a machine tool is the target of integration in last 3 decades. In nowadays, the conventional concept of machine tools is changing to the autonomous manufacturing device based on knowledge-evolution through applying advanced information technology in which open architecture controller, high speed network and internet technology are contained. In this environment, a machine tool is not the target of integration but the subject of cooperation. In the future, a machine tool will be more improved in the form of a knowledge-evolution based device. In order to develop the knowledge-evolution based machine tools, this paper proposes the structure of knowledge evolution in M2M(Machine To Machine) and the scheme of a dialogue agent among agent-based modules such as a sensory module, a dialogue module, and an expert system. The dialogue agent has a role of interfacing with another machine for cooperation. To design the dialogue agent module in M2M environment, FIPA-OS and ping agent based on FIPA-OS are analyzed in this study. Through this, it is expected that the dialogue agent module can be more efficiently designed and the knowledge-evolution based machine tools can be hereafter more easily implemented.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.670-683
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• 2019

In this paper, we analyzed the signal integrity of a system interconnection module for a proposed high-density server. The proposed server integrates several components into a chassis. Therefore, the proposed server can access multiple computing resources. To support the system interconnection, among the highly integrated computing resources, the interconnection module, which is based on Serial RapidIO, has been newly adopted and supports a bandwidth of 800 Gbps while routing 160 differential signal traces. The module was designed for two different stack-up types on a printed circuit board. Each module was designed into 12- (version 1) and 14-layer (version 2) versions with thicknesses of 1.5T and 1.8T, respectively. Version 1 has a structure with two consecutive high-speed signal-layers in the middle of two power planes, whereas Version 2 has a single high-speed signal placed only in the space between two power planes. To analyze the signal integrity of the module, we probed the S-parameters, eye-diagrams, and crosstalk voltages. The results show that the high-speed signal integrity of Version 2 has a better quality than Version 1, even if the signal trace length is increased.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.75-78
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• 2023

Recently, the installation of photovoltaic modules in urban areas has been increasing. In particular, the demand for solar modules installed in a limited space is increasing. However, since the crystalline silicon solar module's size is proportional to the solar cell's size, it is difficult to manufacture a module that can be installed in a limited area. In this study, we fabricated a solar module with a shingled design that can control horizontal and vertical width using a bi-directional laser scribing method. We fabricated a string cell with a width of 1/5 compared to the existing shingled design string cells using a bi-directional laser scribing method, and we fabricated a solar module by connecting three strings in parallel. Finally, we achieved a conversion power of 5.521 W at a 103 mm × 320 mm area.

• 산업공학
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.397-406
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• 2004

It is widely known that labor costs are continuously and rapidly growing in terms of the raw cost of products in Korea. The increased labor costs are degrading the competitiveness of dairy industry sector as in the other major industrial fields. Furthermore, the number of dairy farms is constantly decreasing while that of dairy cattle is increasing. Thus, mechanized and/or automated stockbreeding management systems are crucially required to support professional stockbreeding management, as well as to enhance the productivity of the sector. Hence this paper develops an IIS (Integrated Information System) for dairy cattle stockbreeding management. IIS is composed of five application modules and associated utility programs. The five modules are individual stock management, milking management, feeding management, propagation management, and disease management. The utility programs are involved in stock farm accounting, and handy unloading of individual stock data into a personal data acquisition device. Compared with existing foreign products, the developed system takes advantages of various stock body measurement data such as body weight, body temperature, milk conductivity, milking amount, and the number of walking steps. All the measured data are transmitted into a programmable logic controller that monitors and controls measurement devices. The transmitted data are finally aggregated into an integrated database located in the main personal computer. The integrated data are analyzed and reformed in the five modules of IIS, then, used for providing farmers with various farm states and information through application module scenes. Hence, IIS keeps the each module work in a systematic and compatible manner, while supervising the whole stockbreeding management system.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2019

Today, most of elevators have an emergency call facility for emergency situations. However, if the network installed in the elevator is also out of power, it cannot be used for the elevator remote monitoring and management. So, we develop an integrated and unified emergency call system, which can transmit not only telephone call but also data signals using PSTN(Public Switched Telephone Network) in order to remote monitoring and management of elevators, even though a power outage occurs. The proposed integrated emergency call system to process multiple data such as voice and operational information is a multi-channel board system which is composed of an emergency phone signal processing module and an operational information processing module in the control box of elevator. In addition, the RMS(remote management server) systems based on the Web consist of a dial-up server and a remote monitoring server where manages the elevator's operating information, status records, and operational faults received via the proposed integrated and unified emergency call system in real time. So even if there's a catastrophic emergency, the proposed RMS systems shall ensure and maintain the safety of passengers inside the elevator. Also, remote control of the elevator by this system should be more efficient and secure. In near future, all elevator emergency call system need to support multifunctional capabilities to transmit operational data as well as phone calls for the safety of passengers. In addition, for safer elevators, it is necessary to improve them more efficiently by combining them with high-tech technologies such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.760-765
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• 2013

PID (potential induced degradation) of PV module is the degradation of module due to the high potential difference between the front surface of solar cells and ground when PV modules operate under high humidity and temperature conditions. PID is generally derived from the positive sodium ions in front glass that are accumulated on P-type solar cells. Therefore, some papers for the electrical characteristic of only front components as glass, EVA sheet, solar cell under PID generation condition were revealed. In this paper, we analyzed the different outputs of module with PID by considering the all parts of module including the back side elements such as glass, back sheet. Mini modules with one solar cell were fabricated with the various parts on front and back sided of module. To generate PID of module in a short time, the all modules were applied.1,000 V in $85^{\circ}C$, 85% RH. The outputs, dark IV curves and EL images of all modules before and after experiments were also measured to confirm the main components of module for PID generation. From the measured results, the outputs of all modules with front glass were remarkably reduced and the performances of modules with back and front glass were greatly deteriorated. We suggest that the obtained data could be used to reduce the PID phenomenon of diverse modules such as conventional module and BIPV (building integrated photovoltaic) module.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.154-161
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 저온 동시 소성 세라믹(Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic: LTCC) 기술을 이용하여 집적화된 2.4 GHz 대역 무선 송수신 모듈을 구현하였다. 구현된 송수신 모듈은 무선 전단부(RF front-end)단과 송수신 IC칩 단으로 나누어진다. 무선 전단부단은 송수신을 선택하기 위한 SPDT 스위치와 스위치 동작을 위한 DC block 커패시터를 제외하고, 모두 LTCC 내부에 내장하였다. 제작된 무선 전단부는 8층으로 설계되었고, 크기는 $3.3\;mm{\times}5.2\;mm{\times}0.4\;mm$이며, 무선 전단부의 측정 결과는 시뮬레이션과 유사한 결과를 보인다. 송수신 IC 칩 단은 신호 및 전원 선로와 송수신 IC 칩으로 구성이 되어 있다. 제작된 무선 송수신 모듈은 내부 접지(inner GND) 3개 층을 포함한 9층으로 설계되었으며, 크기는 $12\;mm{\times}8.0\;mm{\times}1.1\;mm$이다. 최종적으로 2.4 GHz 대역 송수신 모듈의 송신 파워는 18.1 dBm이고, 수신 민감도는 -85 dBm의 특성으로 우수한 결과를 나타내었다.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

본 논문은 우주용 X-대역 능동 위상 배열 레이더를 위한 T/R 모듈에 대하여 기술한다. T/R 모듈은 위상 배열 안테나의 전자적 빔 조향을 가능하게 하는 송수신 RF 반도체 소자가 집적된 모듈이며 SAR 탑재체의 핵심 부품이다. 기존의 T/R 모듈은 수평 편파 또는 수직 편파 신호를 스위치에 의해 선택적으로 수신할 수 있었다. 그러나 현재 기술적 흐름은 수평 편파와 수직 편파 신호를 동시에 수신하는 것이다. 따라서 이중 편파 동시 수신 T/R 모듈에 대한 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구는 차세대 SAR 탑재체를 위한 선행 연구로서 능동 위상 배열 레이더 T/R 모듈의 기술 개발 동향과 이중 수신 T/R 모듈의 예비 설계 결과를 정리하였다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2004

본 논문은 군에서 운용중인 대공포 사격 훈련용으로 개발한 무인 표적기용 자동비행시스템 개발에 관한 논문이다. 조종사에 의해 수동으로 운용중인 표적기를 자동화함으로써 조종사 측면에서는 비행업무를 경감시키고, 군 측면에서는 사격훈련 예산절감이라는 장점을 가지게 된다. 현재까지 개발된 대부분의 UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)는 항공기 자세를 측정하기 위해 AHRS(Attitude & Heading Reference System)와 IMU(Inertial Measurement Unit)등의 고가의 센서를 장착하고 있지만 이를 장착하고 무인기를 사격훈련용으로 사용하기에는 예산절감이라는 목적에 적합하지 않다. 이에 본 논문은 저가의 센서를 장착하고 자동비행이 가능하도록 저가형 자동비행시스템을 개발하였으며, 자동비행 컴퓨터를 포함한 센서, 전원모듈, 스위칭 모듈, 모니터링 모듈, RC 수신기를 하나의 모듈로 단일화하여 통합형 자동비행시스템을 개발하였다. 또한 비행시험을 통하여 자동비행시스템 성능을 입증하였다.