• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.33-45
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• 2013

This paper aims at exploring how a high school student is engaged with C computer programming language and explore deep aspects of programming experiences based on video recalled interview as part of portraiture. The single case was selected and several in-depth interviews and video recording were arranged after Oct 2011. The portrait of K reveals interesting strands of his computer programming experiences with his own thinking patterns and exploring ideas for more concrete ways of coding his thinking similar to scientific experiments; ie, design-development-implementation-debugging-revision. Overall, this case illustrates how the inner aspects of subjective programming experiences on the tower of Hanoi were integrated and unified within himself for inner growth. We discussed the student's inner faculties as part of the student's unity and suggested future research direction.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.37-54
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• 2019

The main purpose of STEM education is to understand methods of inquiry in each discipline to develop convergent problem solving skills. To do this, we must first understand the problem-solving process that is regarded as an essential component of each discipline. The purposes of this study is to understand the relationship between the problem solving in science (S), engineering (E), mathematics (M), and computational thinking (CT) based on the comparative analysis of problem solving processes in each SEM discipline. To do so, first, the problem solving process of each SEM and CT discipline is compared and analyzed, and their commonalities and differences are described. Next, we divided the CT into the instrumental and thinking skill aspects and describe how CT's problem solving process differs from SEM's. Finally we suggest a model to explain the relationship between SEM and CT problem solving process. This study shows how SEM and CT can be converged as a problem solving process.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.79-90
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• 2021

The purpose of this paper is to study the unplugged educational program for the lower grades of elementary school. For this, the study was conducted as follows. First, a play-learning-based unplugged education method was discovered, focusing on play activities according to the level of development of elementary school students. Secondly, unplugged educational programs to develop Computational Thinking were designed according to the discovered topics. each class is conducted by storytelling, and the content of the storytelling is related to the integrated curriculum 'Winter'. In addition, each class was analyzed based on the core elements of Computational Thinking ability. And, we developed educational materials that can be used in the designed unplugged educational program. Finally, the educational program was applied to the lower grades of elementary school, and the educational program was analyzed through case studies. As a result of the analysis, the educational program was organized according to the level of the students, and it was confirmed that this educational program is helpful in improving the Computational Thinking of lower grade students of elementary school.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.277-281
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• 2023

Recent aggressive threats by North Korea using small drones have heavily impacted on ROK(Republic of Korea) society and it seems to be agreed that counter-drone systems are required to protect our properties. ROK government has been investigating current counter-drone systems for national important facilities. However, there is no consensus standard to evaluate the systems. This paper is to propose a counter-drone system evaluation framework which is the outcome through RMA(Revolution in Military Affairs) thinking process. The RMA thinking process is currently well-implemented in ROK army to develop future military strategy. The proposed framework has 4 categories - threat analysis of North Korea small drones, convergence of detection, tracking and neutralizing systems, integrated operations and available experts and organization - which have corresponding criteria.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.329-337
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• 2023

This study investigated the mediating effect of critical thinking disposition on the relationship between ego resilience and self-leadership of nursing students. The subjects of the study were 193 third-year and fourth-year nursing students from three universities in G Province, and data were collected from November 1 to November 19, 2021. The collected data were subjected to descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. The mediation effect was analyzed using Baron and Kenny's three-step procedure, and the statistical significance of the mediation effect was verified using the Sobel test. As a result of this study, self-leadership was positively correlated with ego resilience(r=.43, p<.001) and critical thinking disposition(r=.51, p<.001), and ego resilience was positively correlated with critical thinking disposition(r =.58, p<.001). It was found that there was a partial mediating effect of critical thinking disposition in the relationship between ego resilience and self-leadership(Sobel test: Z=5.05, p<.001). Therefore, in order to increase the self-leadership of nursing students, an integrated approach is needed to improve ego resilience and critical thinking disposition.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.26-38
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to grasp the characteristics of composition regarding the material-centered integrated unit of environmental and natural studies, a science subject in Finland, to investigate a need for applying the material-centered integrated unit to the science curriculum of Korea. For the purpose, the study made an analysis on contents, inquiry activities, and visual materials (the most important in the elementary science curriculum and textbook composition), and it brought following results: First, as a result of analyzing the area of contents, the bicycle material-centered integrated unit comprised a large proportion of 44 pages (25.3%) of the whole 174 pages from the environmental and natural studies textbook for the third grade. The contents included such various concepts as traffic rules, safety, environmental protection and pollution, recycling and separate collection, tubes and triangular structures, wedges and screws, leverage, wheels, axles, gears, elasticity (spring), friction, and so on. Second, as a result of analyzing contents related to the thinking ability of inquiry activities, "expecting or confirming expectations" and "application" are included in every lesson, and one lesson is composed in such a way that students can study on bicycles as a practical material for their daily life and they can improve various thinking abilities. Third, as a result of analyzing the circumstances of inquiry activities, daily circumstances made up eight lessons (80.0%) and technical and social circumstances made up two lessons (20.0%) by focusing on bicycles, a material related to students' daily life. Fourth, as a result of analyzing visual materials, the percentage of pictures and photos was high at 53.4% and 45.2% respectively. As a result of analyzing the role of visual materials, the percentage of the illustrative role and explanatory-complementary role was high at 52.1% and 47.9% respectively. Lastly, as a result of analyzing from the epistemological view to interpret the relation between visual materials and students and the position of visual materials, the visual textbook materials were provided toward a way that students can decrease their feeling of epistemological separation in the three fields of ideational metafunction, interpersonal metafunction, and textual metafunction.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2009

As wireless-internet and mobile computer revitalizes, various teaching and learning strategies are appearing. In this study, we suggest a new integrated teaching method in u-learning environment effectively. First of all, to apply information technique to education effectively, we grasped various educational factors centered on learners. And then, we categorized them into contents, time and space as three vital factors and analyzed. Next, by combining the important factors, we suggested the new integrated teaching and learning strategy. We also operated personalized the integrated teaching for elementary school students and verified the effect. As a result, we learned that the integrated teaching was effective in the area of higher-level thinking presented as an effectiveness index, learning motivation and self-directed learning. That is, this study will promote excellence in education centered on learners in the hereafter u-learning environment and support general integrated education effectively.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2001

The purpose of the study is to introduce how tessellation can be used and integrated to connect geometry to pattern in elementary mathematics educations. Tessellation examples include transformations such as translational symmetry, rotational symmetry, reflection symmetry, and glide reflection symmetry. In addition, many examples of tessellation using softwares such as Escher, TesselMania!, and LOGO programs. Further, future study will continue to foster students and teachers to try to construct their alive mathematics knowledge. The study of geometry and patterns require a rich teaching and learning environment provided by in-depth understanding of thinking connections to objects in real world.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2019

Integration is an important intellectual ability to reconfigure several separated elements into one unified form and to concisely and categorically express them. In this paper, we classify the types of integration in C language, and propose a systematic and incremental method to transform to better code based on the integration types. This transformation method could also be used as a means to improve integrated thinking and efficiently learn C language, and will improve development ability in C programming or other language programming.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.543-550
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• 2011

STEAM education is a topic-based curriculum to integrate the concepts into other subjects such as science, technology, engineering, art and mathematics in order to improve the students' interesting, understanding, integrated thinking and problem solving ability. In this paper, we designed STEAM curriculum in the form of Project-based Learning and developed the material for elementary students. We also developed the android-based application through searching for a utilization of IT simulation for enhancement the students' Project-based Learning effect.