• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.163-175
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• 2016

This paper presents a revised procedure for computation of double-K fracture parameters of concrete split-tension cube specimen using weight function of the centrally cracked plate of finite strip with a finite width. This is an improvement over the previous work of the authors in which the determination of double-K fracture parameters of concrete for split-tension cube test using weight function of the centrally cracked plate of infinite strip with a finite width was presented. In a recent research, it was pointed out that there are great differences between a finite strip and an infinite strip regarding their weight function and the solution of infinite strip can be utilized in the split-tension specimens when the notch size is very small. In the present work, improved version of LEFM formulas for stress intensity factor, crack mouth opening displacement and crack opening displacement profile presented in the recent research work are incorporated. The results of the double-K fracture parameters obtained using revised procedure and the previous work of the authors is compared. The double-K fracture parameters of split-tension cube specimen are also compared with those obtained for standard three point bend test specimen. The input data required for determining double-K fracture parameters for both the specimen geometries for laboratory size specimens are obtained using well known version of the Fictitious Crack Model.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2004

There were two purposes of this study. The first was to research the effects of standard and fixed-split keyboards on wrist posture and movements during word processing. The second was to select optimal computer input devices in order to prevent cummulative trauma disorder in the wrist region. The group of subjects consisted of thirteen healthy men and women who all agreed to participate in this study. Kinematic data was measured from both wrist flexion and extension, and wrist radial and ulnar deviation during a 20 minute period of word processing work. The measuring tool was an electrical goniometer, and was produced by Biometrics Cooperation. The results were as follows: 1. The wrist flexion and extension at resting starting position were not significantly different (p>.05), however the angle of radial and ulnar deviation were significantly different in standard and split keyboard use during word processing (p<.05). 2. In the initial 10 minutes, the dynamic angle of wrist flexion and extension were not significantly different (p>.05), however the dynamic angle of radial and ulnar deviation was significantly different in standard and split keyboard use during word processing (p<.05). These results suggest that the split keyboard is more optimal than the standard keyboard, because it prevented excessive ulnar deviation during word processing.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.333-341
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose an algorithm to automatically detect gait's joints. The proposed method classifies gait's types into front gait and flank gait so as to automatically detect gait's joints. And then according to classified types, the proposed applies joint extracting algorithm to input images. Firstly, we split input images into foreground image using difference images of Hue and gray-scale image of input and background one and extract gait's object. The proposed method classifies gaits into front gait and flank gait using ratio of Face's width to torso's width. Then classified gait's type, joints are detected 10 at front gait and detected 7~8 at flank gait. The proposed method is applied to the camera's input and the result shows that the proposed method automatically extracts joints.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.355-358
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• 2010

As CMOS technology continues to scale down, signal processing is favorably done in the digital domain, which requires Analog-to-Digital (A/D) Converter to be integrated on-chip. This paper presents a design methodology of 12-bit 1-MS/s Rail-to-Rail fully differential SAR ADC using Deep N-well Switch based on binary search algorithm. Proposed A/D Converter has the following architecture and techniques. Firstly, chip size and power consumption is reduced due to split capacitor array architecture and charge recycling method. Secondly, fully differential architecture is used to reduce noise between the digital part and converters. Finally, to reduce the mismatch effect and noise error, the circuit is designed to be available for Rail-to-Rail input range using simple Deep N-well switch. The A/D Converter fabricated in a TSMC 0.18um 1P6M CMOS technology and has a Signal-to-Noise-and-Distortion-Ratio(SNDR) of 69 dB and Free-Dynamic-Range (SFDR) of 73 dB. The occupied active area is $0.6mm^2$.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.365-371
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• 2011

Most recently issued paper money includes security patterns that can be only identified by ultra violet (UV) illuminations. We propose an automatic extraction method of UV patterns for paper money inspection systems. The image acquired by camera and UV illumination is transformed to input data through preprocessing. And then, the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and split-and-merge expectation maximization (SMEM) algorithm are applied to segment the image represented by input data. In order to extract the UV pattern from the segmented image, we develop a criterion using the area of covariance vector and the weight value. The experimental results on various paper money are presented to verify the usefulness of the proposed method.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.1314-1321
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• 2010

In this paper, we study about the vehicle detection algorithm which is in the process of travelling from the road. An input image is segmented by means of split and merge algorithm. And two largest segmented regions are removed for reducing search region and speed up processing time. In order to detect the back side of the front vehicle considers a vertical/horizontal component, uses an integral image with to apply Haar-like methods which are the possibility of shortening a calculation time, classified with SVM. The simulation result of the method which is proposed appeared highly.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.504-510
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• 2015

This paper presents a power and area efficient SAR ADC for multi-channel near threshold-voltage (NTV) applications such as neural recording systems. This work proposes a split dual-capacitive-array (S-DCA) structure with shifted input range for ultra low-switching energy and architecture of multi-channel single-ended SAR ADC which employs only one comparator. In addition, the proposed ADC has the same amount of equivalent capacitance at two comparator inputs, which minimizes the kickback noise. Compared with conventional SAR ADC, this work reduces the total capacitance and switching energy by 84.8% and 91.3%, respectively.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.150-155
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• 2004

Universal design equations are presented for the H-plane T-junction power divider with a circular conducting post in a rectangular waveguide. For a given operating frequency and power split ratio, the post offset from the T-junction center line, the distance between the post and the waveguide wall, and the post diameter can be adjusted to obtain a minimum reflection at the input waveguide. Optimum values of the post offset are given in terms of the normalized frequency and the power split ratio. Corresponding values of the post diameter and the distance of the post from the waveguide wall are given in terms of the normalized frequency and the post offset.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.170-178
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• 2004

Continuously variable transmission (CVT) mechanisms considered here are input coupled types that combine the functions of a 2K-H II type differential gear and a V-belt type continuously variable unit (CVU). For the 8 different mechanisms, 4 of them are power-circulation modes while the other 4 are power-split modes, various performance analysis (speed ratios, power flows, divisions of power transmission in a differential gear and a CVU, and theoretical efficiencies) are performed to vary design parameters. Experimental studies are executed to validate fundamental relations (speed ratios, power flows, efficiencies, occurrence of geared neutral). Some useful characteristics associated with performance also are discussed in the mechanisms.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.195-205
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• 2005

In decision tree analysis, C4.5 and CART algorithm have some problems of computational complexity and bias on variable selection. But QUEST algorithm solves these problems by dividing the step of variable selection and split point selection. When input variables are continuous, QUEST algorithm uses ANOVA F-test under the assumption of normality and homogeneity of variances. In this paper, we investigate the influence of violation of normality assumption and effect of the transformation of variables in the QUEST algorithm. In the simulation study, we obtained the empirical powers of variable selection and the empirical bias of variable selection after transformation of variables having various type of underlying distributions.