• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.1535-1540
• /
• 2008

This paper are using a test apparatus developed in the laboratory, friction and wear characteristics of various rubbers have been analyzed by experimental study. Friction coefficient has been calculated from the measured normal force and friction force under various speed operating conditions, such as, loads and temperatures. The tire are used in a automobile, the relations between the various operating conditions and friction characteristics have been verified.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.51-63
• /
• 2009

In the field of ergonomics, it is evident that participatory action research methodology could contribute to reduce risk factors of work related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a participatory ergonomics in reducing the incidence rate and severity of WMSDs in the tire manufacturing company. In this study, an action committee comprising 13 members was organized in the tire manufacturing company. The action group participated at every research process, education and training, assessment and intervention of risk factors, and early detection and management of WMSDs during the 3 years(2004-2006). The prevention programs contributed to an overall reduction in incidence rate by approximately 37.2%, and lost workdays and workers' compensation costs by approximately 55.1%. But, the incidence rate increased 29.0%, and compensation costs increased 59.0% in the first-year setting programs, and both the incidence rate and compensation costs decreased after the second-year managing programs. And, the reduction rates(63.2%) of insurance cases is higher than that(9.7%) of non-insurance cases. The results showed that participatory ergonomics programs may be effective in reducing the incidence and severity rate of WMSDs.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2011

Generally, the tire curing process is the process in which the sulfur is added and subsequently the tire is heated to give the tire elasticity. In this process, all kinds of the chemicals in the tire are emitted with a lot of heat. The chemical fume and heat aggravate the work environment. To solve this problem, 92 local exhaust ventilators and 8 gravity ventilators were used, but not satisfactory yet. Preliminary survey showed that the temperatures in the process were very high: 30.3, 32.9 and $37.2^{\circ}C$ at 2, 4 and 6m above the ground level, respectively in the winter (outside temperature was $2^{\circ}C$). It can be imagined that the process is severely hot in the summer time. The higher temperature distribution in the higher space tells us that the hot plume could not be removed with the existing ventilation systems. Therefore, in this study, some alternative ventilation systems were designed. The partitions were used to contain the hot plume to increase the capture efficiency. The gravity ventilators were newly designed to improve the extraction efficiency of hot fume. To satisfy the balance of pressure in the curing process, some supply air system was introduced by renewing the existing air conditioning system. Many alternative solutions were evaluated by using computational fluid dynamics modelling. The best and applicable solution was selected and the existing ventilation system was modified. After implementing the new ventilation system, the hot environment was much improved. The temperature reduction in the curing process was about $6.4^{\circ}C$.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.211-220
• /
• 2022

Recently, research on smart factories triggered by the 4th industrial revolution is being actively conducted. Accordingly, the manufacturing industry is conducting various studies to improve productivity and quality based on deep learning technology with robust performance. This paper is a study on the method of detecting tire surface defects in the visual inspection stage of the tire manufacturing process, and introduces a tire surface defect detection method using a depth image acquired through a 3D camera. The tire surface depth image dealt with in this study has the problem of low contrast caused by the shallow depth of the tire surface and the difference in the reference depth value due to the data acquisition environment. And due to the nature of the manufacturing industry, algorithms with performance that can be processed in real time along with detection performance is required. Therefore, in this paper, we studied a method to normalize the depth image through relatively simple methods so that the tire surface defect detection algorithm does not consist of a complex algorithm pipeline. and conducted a comparative experiment between the general normalization method and the normalization method suggested in this paper using YOLO V3, which could satisfy both detection performance and speed. As a result of the experiment, it is confirmed that the normalization method proposed in this paper improved performance by about 7% based on mAP 0.5, and the method proposed in this paper is effective.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
• /
• v.13
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 1993

To analyze dynamic characterics for a motorcar, the creating and the hammering test methods are introduced. This paper has studied the method of computing the natural frequency of the impulse wave on a tire, the decay constant which determines the absorption capability for the impulsive force. Moreover we have examined the reliability for the decay constant calculated, in this paper theoritical results are agreed with the simulated ones.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.144-148
• /
• 2011

Various types of accelerators, thiuram (TMTD), thiazole (MBTS), and sulfenamide (CBS) are added into a silica filled natural rubber (NR) compound. Their effects on vulcanization properties are also investigated. TMTD shows a fast vulcanization rate and a higer maximum torque ($T_{max}$), as well as excellent mechanical properties (hardness, 300% modulus, tensile strength, elongation). MBTS shows a moderate vulcanization rate, a lower $T_{max}$, and mechanical properties. Finally, CBS shows a slow vulcanization rate but excellent mechanical properties. The same vulcanization trend can be found in carbon black filled NR compounds.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 2017

In this study, waste tire rubbers were pyrolyzed in a lab-scale pyrolysis plant equipped with a fluidized bed reactor in a temperature ranges of $450-650^{\circ}C$. The main object of this work is to investigate the properties of pyrolysis oil with reaction temperatures and the behavior of sulfur in the products when waste polypropylene was added for co-pyrolysis. The maximum yield of oil was about 52wt.% at the reaction temperature of $456^{\circ}C$. From GC-MS analysis, the pyrolysis oils consisted mainly of limonene, toluene, xylene, styrene, trimethylbenzene, methylnaphthalenes and some heteroatom(sulfur and nitrogen)-containing compounds. The addition of waste polypropylene resulted in decrease in sulfur contents of the pyrolysis oils.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.10 no.7
• /
• pp.1052-1060
• /
• 1999

Tire and raw material of tire, i.e., SBR were degraded using pyrolysis process. The yield of pyrolytic oil was increased and that of gas was decreased with increase of operating temperature in pyrolysis. And the yield of pyrolytic oil was increased and that of gas and char was decreased with increase of heating rate. The maximum oil yields of SBR and tire were 86% and 55% each at $700^{\circ}C$ with a heating rate of $20^{\circ}C/min$. The number average molecular weight ranges of SBR and tire were 740~2486, 740~1719, and the calorific value of SBR and tire was 39~40 kJ/g. The oil components were consisted of mostly 50 aromatic compounds. The particle size was decreased and the surface area was increased with increase of operating temperature, and the BET surface area was $47{\sim}63m^2/g$. The optimum condition of pyrolysis was the temperature of $700^{\circ}C$ with heating rate of $20^{\circ}C$, and the reactor was continuously purged with inert gas to sweep the evolved gases from the reaction zone.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.55 no.3
• /
• pp.215-221
• /
• 2020

Silica/SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber) compounds are the primary constituents of tire treads. Furthermore, the excellent dynamic viscoelastic properties of silica lead to good fuel efficiencies. However, the silanol group on the surface of silica does not mix well with non-polar rubber because of its polarity. This incompatibility causes aggregation due to the occurrence of hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl groups, thereby reducing the dispersibility of silica. Recently, the wet master batch (WMB) process has been applied to overcome these disadvantages, and research on silica dispersants that can be used in the WMB process has been increasing. In this study, we prepared silica/SBR compounds by using three types of eco-friendly cellulose-based dispersants in the WMB process, namely: cellulose-, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and nanocellulose-based dispersants. Subsequently, we compared the vulcanization characteristics, viscoelastic properties, and mechanical properties of the compounds. The silica dispersibility in the rubber compounds was improved with the addition of the nano-cellulose dispersant, resulting in the enhancement of the workability, hardness, tensile strength, and wear resistance of the SBR compound.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.379-384
• /
• 2012

In order to show the assembly process in detail, we used Script languages and it's simulation tried to do an automobile assembly process with 3D. 3D View techniques is the method of the optimum which helps the studying activity from industrial site. We developed 3D View in order to show a assembly process with 3D about engine part and tire part. Specially we experimented the user will be able to study actually using touch screen on the working.