• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.59 no.4
• /
• pp.178-182
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Medium-dose (1 g/kg) intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is effective in the majority of patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) but some patients who do not respond to medium-dose IVIG are at high risk for the development of coronary artery lesions (CALs). The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical predictors associated with unresponsiveness to medium-dose IVIG and the development of CALs. Methods: A retrospective study was performed in 91 children with KD who were treated with mediumdose IVIG at our institution from January 2004 to December 2013. We classified the patients into responders (group 1; n=68) and nonresponders (group 2; n=23). We compared demographic, laboratory, and echocardiographic data between the 2 groups. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified 6 variables as predictors for resistance to medium-dose IVIG. We generated a predictive scoring system assigning 1 point each for percentage of neutrophils ${\geq}65%$, C-reactive protein ${\geq}100mg/L$, aspartate aminotransferase ${\geq}100IU/L$, and alanine aminotransferase ${\geq}100IU/L$, as well as 2 points for less than 5 days of illness, and serum sodium level ${\leq}136mmol/L$. Using a cutoff point of ${\geq}4$ with this scoring system, we could predict nonresponsiveness to medium-dose IVIG with 74% sensitivity and 71% specificity. Conclusion: If a patient has a low-risk score in this system, medium-dose IVIG can be recommended as the initial treatment. Through this process, we can minimize the adverse effects of high-dose IVIG and incidence of CALs.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.41-59
• /
• 1991

This study was performed to elucidate the distribution and correlation of immunoglobulin G subclasses with the degree of inflammation in the experimentally induced rat pulp and periapical pathoses. The pulp exposures were made in 108 mandibular 1st molars of 54 rats and the teeth were left open to the oral environment The animals were sacrified at 3, 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after pulp exposure, and examined microscopically and radiographically Seventy one specimens were routinely sectioned at the thickness of 4 - $6{\mu}$ and stained with Hematoxylin - eosin for histologic examination, with toluidine blue for mast cells, and with the primary antibodies against rat IgG subclasses by using the Avidin - Biotin complex method. The following results were obtained: 1. As the degree of inflammation of rat pulp and periapeces intensified, the number of IgG subclass containing cells per unit area, especially IgG2a and IgG2c, decresased. 2. The IgG2c cells were most predominantly found in the lesions with slight inflammation, IgG1 cells in mild or severe inflammation, and IgG2a cells in moderate inflammation. 3. IgG subclass containg cells were more predominantly observed in the periapical granuloma than periapical abscess or cyst(p<0.01). 4. IgG2a containing cells were predominant in pulp inflammation, IgG1 containing cells in periapical granuloma, IgG2a cells and IgG1 cells in periapical abscess, and IgG2a cells were significantly predominant in periapical cyst. 5. The number of IgG subclass containing cells and mast cells in periapical tissue decreased with time lapse after pulp exposure. And correlation index between mast cells and IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b was stastically high.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.924-933
• /
• 1999

This study investigated the effects of vitamin E supplementation on immune responses and antioxidant status in healthy Korean old and young women. Blood samples were obtained from 15 healthy old women (over 60 years old) and from 15 healthy young women(20 years old) before and 4 weeks after vitamin E( tocopherol acetate) supplementation(400IU/day). Daily nutrient intakes were calculated, and plasma vitamin E concentration, numbers and percentages of white blood cell and their subpopulation, percentages of lymphocytes and subpopulation, NK cell percentages, plasma immunoglobulin A, G, M and C3 concentration, proliferation of PMN with mitogen were measured. Also plasma TBARS concentration and radical scavenger activity of erythrocytes were investigated. Plasma vitamin E concentrations were significantly increased after supplementation in both groups. In elderly women, vitamin E supplementation restored the per centages of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eosinophils which had been out of normal ranges before supple mentation. And after vitamin E supplementation, helper T cell percentages significantly increased in elderly. Plasma immunoglobulin and complement C3 concentrations were not affected by vitamin E supplementation in both groups. PMN proliferations with mitogen were significantly lower in old women than in young women, and there was no effect of vitamin E supplementation. Vitamin E supplementation significantly decreased plasma TBARS concentrations in old and young women. RSA of erythrocytes was increased in both groups, but the statistical significant was only found in young women group. Therefore, these results suggest that the moderate vitamin E supplementation in old women improves immune responses, especially nonspecific immunity and cell mediated immunity, via protection of oxidant stress.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.753-759
• /
• 2008

The principal objective of this study was to develop the optimum oligonucleotide primers for the simple detection of Campylobacter in food samples. In order to achieve this goal, a variety of oligonucleotide primers were designed via the modification of 16S rDNA, ceuE and mapA sequences of Campylobacter. Through the subsequent analysis of the specificity and sensitivity of primers, two types of oligonucleotide primers, CB4 and CJ1, were selected for Campylobacter genus-specific and C. jejuni species-specific primers, respectively. The detection limit was found to be $10^0{\sim}10^1$ cells per reaction with the prepared cell suspension, however, the sensitivity in the meat samples was less, at $10^1{\sim}10^2$. We suggested that PCR inhibitors such as hemoglobin or immunoglobulin in pork or beef influenced.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.221-228
• /
• 2014

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Codonopsis pilosula extract powder (CEP) on the reproductive performance in sows. A total of 20 pregnant sows were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments, which was given a corn and soybean meal-based diets containing 0 or 5 g/kg of the CEP from 40 days prepartum to weaning (25 days postpartum). The serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration of sow (p<0.01) and piglets (p<0.05) was significantly increased by the feeding of CEP. And we also demonstrated that the coefficient of correlation between the colostrum and serum indicates a significant positive correlation on IgG. The stillbirth of sows and mortality rate during suckling periods were slightly lower in CEP feeding group than control, but there is no significant difference. In conclusion, our results suggest that the dietary supplementation of CEP increases the humoral immunity in both of sows and piglets, and it might contribute to improve the reproductive performance of sows. Further, additory studies are necessary on the immunomodulatory mechanism of CEP components.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.19 no.6 s.89
• /
• pp.415-420
• /
• 2004

All around the world, the rate of attack of cancer diseases has been going up and the number of cancer patients has been increasing every year. Cancer can be divided into malignant tumor and benign tumor according to its growth appearance. Many studies and experiments have been conducted and the various treatment are being created to find the way to care malignant. Dendritic cells (DCs), which is an agent of cancer treatments by using an immune reaction in our body, plays an important role to present by a tumor antigen to cytotoxic T-cell and help them to attack the tumor cell directly. However there are some defects of this therapy. Soluble human leukocyte antigen-immunoglobulin fusion protein (HLA-Ig) based artificial antigen presenting cell (aAPC) as the antigen presenting cell (APC) which is complement and overcome some of the limitations of dendritic cell-based vaccines and ex vivo expansion of human T cells is new method for cancer therapy. In this article, we are reviewing the role of DCs and the treatment with it, and searching for the possibility of the new development of immunotherapy for cancer.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
• /
• v.6 no.5
• /
• pp.356-361
• /
• 1997

Fiber-optic evanescent wave sensor was designed and fabricated to detect mouse immunoglobulin G(IgG) with decladed optical fiber on which anti-mouse IgG was immobilized. A sensitivity obtained by any direct or competitive method was lower than $1\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Anti-mouse IgG was immobilized on 93.9% of core surface of optical fiber by simple adsorption method. The effect of postcoating using bovine serum albumin to remove non-specific binding was not observed. As the ratio of fluorescein to mouse IgG increased, the fluorescence signal increased, but that increase showed no linear relationship. Our fiber-optic sensor system could be used as immunosensor by measuring evanescent fluorescence in antigen-antibody reaction with good sensitivity below $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ level.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.193-198
• /
• 2016

This study examined changes in the components of dairy cow colostrum 1-5 days post delivery and between 1-5 days post-delivery, the contents of major proteins were largest on the first day, but declined gradually over time. Immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, bovine serum albumin, and lactoperoxidase exhibited the highest concentrations one day post-delivery. However, these levels decresed significantly on the second day and remained at a low level on the third. An examination of daily changes in colostrum composition in dairy cows after delivery, according to parity, could not detect changes in the levels of most proteins.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.325-332
• /
• 2017

3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (BDB) is a natural bromophenol compound that is most commonly isolated from red algae. The present study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of BDB on atopic dermatitis (AD) in mice induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages. BDB treatment (100 mg/kg) resulted in suppression of the development of AD symptoms compared with the control treatment (induction-only), as demonstrated by reduced immunoglobulin E levels in serum, smaller lymph nodes with reduced thickness and length, a decrease in ear edema, and reduced levels of inflammatory cell infiltration in the ears. In RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, BDB (12.5, 25, 50, and $100{\mu}M$) suppressed the production of interleukin-6, a proinflammatory cytokine, in a dose-dependent manner. BDB also had an inhibitory effect on the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-${\kappa}B$) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1; Tyr 701), two major signaling molecules involved in cellular inflammation. Taken together, the results show that BDB treatment alleviates inflammatory responses in an atopic dermatitis mouse model and RAW 264.7 macrophages. These results suggest that BDB may be a useful therapeutic strategy for treating conditions involving allergic inflammation such as atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 2016

Apolipoprotein B-100 (Apo-B100) is a major component of low density lipoprotein (LDL). Apo B-100 protein has 4,536 amino acid sequence and these amino acids are classified into peptide groups A to G with subsequent 20 amino acids (P1-P302). The peptide groups were act as immunoglobulin (Ig) antigens which oxidized via malondialdehyde (MDA). The mimetic peptide P1 (EEEMLENVSLVCPKDAT RFK) out of D-group peptides carrying the highest value of IgG antigens were selected for structural studies that may provide antigen specificity. Circular Dichroism (CD) spectra were measured for peptide secondary structure in the range of 190-250 nm. Experimental results show that P1 exhibit partial of ${\beta}-sheet$ and random coil structure. Homonuclear (COSY, TOCSY, NOESY) 2D-NMR experiments were carried out for NMR signal assignments and structure determination for P1. On the basis of these completely assigned NMR spectra and distance data, distance geometry (DG) and Molecular dynamics (MD) were carried out to determine the structures of P1. The proposed structure was selected by comparisons between experimental NOE spectra and back calculated 2D NOE results from determined structure showing acceptable agreement. The total Root-Mean-Square-Deviation (RMSD) value of P1 obtained upon superposition of all atoms was in the range $0.33{\AA}$. The solution state P1 has mixed structure of ${\beta}-sheet$ (Glu[1] to Cys[12]) and random coil (Pro[13] to Lys[20]). These NMR results are well consistent with secondary structure from experimental results of circular dichroism. Structural studies based on NMR may contribute to the studies of atherosclerosis and observed conformational characteristics of apo B-100 in LDL using monoclonal antibodies.