• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.422-437
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• 2019

Compared to the significant number of researches on international immigration, there has been less attention to return migration. This is partly because return migration has been understood as a simple phenomenon resulted from a successful return with accumulated capital or adaptation failure. Since the mid-1990s, a large number of Korean-Chinese have migrated to Korea, and recently it became more common to witness the return of them. This study examines the strategic choice of self-employed Korean-Chinese returning to Yanbian, Recently, an increasing number of Korean-Chinese starts a small business, such as restaurants in Yanbian after accumulating capital in Korea. The relatively short stay in Korea is not only for saving money to initiate their own business. Rather, they could obtain new business opportunities in Yanbian by using the experiences and networks built in Korea. In short, the return migration of the Korean-Chinese to Yanbian can be understood as a strategy of capital accumulation utilizing the gap in the World-systems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.221-235
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• 2013

By identifying the effects of support from spouse and family on the mental health of marriage immigrant women, this study was proposed in obtaining basic data for a mental health intervention program. This study is a descriptive correlation study conducted on 129 marriage immigrant women as subjects. The result of the study showed differences in the following: for anxiety, depending on their country of origin, length of marriage, family structure, marriage structure, visit back home, and Korean language skill; for depression, depending on their spouse's education level, providing financial support for family back home, and Korean language skill; for somatization disorder, depending on their spouses' education level, area of residence, and occupation. Also, anxiety and depression showed a negative correlation with support from spouse and family, and somatization disorder showed a negative correlation with support from family. The main variable for mental health was support from family; for anxiety, the main variables were country of origin, length of marriage, and marriage structure; for somatization disorder, the main variables were spouse's education level, area or residence, and occupation. Based on the results of this study, a variety of mental health programs helpful for immigrant women in adapting to their multi-faceted and complex life in a different culture and nursing interventions for improving support from family would need to be developed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.524-530
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• 2017

Unlike in the past, North Korean defectors are not merely satisfied at escaping the regime; they now consider their escape as a form of immigration to pursue a better life. This study examines the adaptation status of North Korean defectors and suggests a plan to cope with the associated challenges accordingly. The current status of North Korean defectors is analyzed based on a literature review and the latest data on their current status, along with their actual adaptation progress to South Korean society and other factors related to the difficulty in their social adjustment. The number of North Korean defectors has increased rapidly since 2000, but the number started to fall in the wake of the inauguration in 2012 of the Kim Jong Eun regime. In addition, North Korean defectors arriving after 1999 are significantly less educated and from lower levels in terms of their occupation and livelihood than those who arrived before. The factors related to North Korean defectors' maladjustment to South Korean society include: difficulties in performing economic activities, differences in the political and economic systems, and cultures, of the two Koreas, and other difficulties stemming from family relations. If the difficulties North Korean defectors experience in adapting to South Korean society are resolved with the support of North Korean defectors and facilities of South Korean society, North Korean defectors will be able to settle down successfully. It is also important for North Korean defectors to strive to adapt to South Korean society by sharing their emotion with the members of society. Therefore, in order for North Korean defectors to adapt smoothly to South Korean society, it is necessary to plan some concrete ways that would reduce social and financial burdens nationwide.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.144-150
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• 2013

Objectives The number of marriage immigrant women has been increasing in the past several years in Korea and their adaptations to the new environment have been an important social issue. The aims of this study were to evaluate the psychosocial and mental health statuses of Vietnamese marriage immigrant women (VMIW). We intended to compare the mental health of VMIW with married Vietnamese women living in Vietnam and reveal the demographic or psychosocial factors affecting their mental health. Method Subjects comprised one-hundred-forty-three VMIW who enrolled in multiculture family support centers in Chungbuk Province and forty-eight women from Vinh Phuc province in Vietnam. Marital satisfaction, domestic violence and social support were evaluated as psychosocial factors, and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used to evaluate mental health. Results VMIW had a larger age gap with their husbands but better psychosocial statuses. BDI (p = 0.20), BAI (p = 0.08), GHQ (p = 0.13) scores of VMIW were not significantly different compared to Vietnamese residents. Marriage duration of VMIW affects significantly their marital satisfaction, social support and depressive levels (p < 0.01). The level of domestic violence showed a significant difference according to the educational levels of their husbands, composition of family members and marriage process (p < 0.05). VMIW with older husbands and jobless VMIW had low levels of anxiety (p < 0.01). Conclusion The results suggest that VMIW have no difference in mental health compared to Vietnamese women living in Vietnam which is contrary to general expectations. However, various environmental factors, such as marriage duration, have an effect on the mental health of VMIW. As marriage duration is proven to be important factor on mental health of VMIW, more extended duration of care and interventions are needed to maintain good mental health. Networking system connecting mental health screenings by the multiculture family support center to the local mental healthcare center is needed to care those with poor screening outcomes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.456-467
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of social support on self-esteem, depression, and stress of migrant women for marriage and to use them as basic data for developing depression and stress intervention strategies. This study provided correlation and regression analyses of 126 migrant women for marriage. The results showed that the level of social support was significantly and positively correlated to the migrant women's income level (p = .001 <.01) and self-esteem (r = 0.569, p <.001). However, there was a positive correlation among self-esteem, stress, and depression. Reviewing autocorrelations of the three dependent variables and the multi-collinearity between the independent variables, the autocorrelations of self-esteem, stress, and depression were 2.452, 2.418, and 2.278, respectively, indicating the absence of any autocorrelation problem. The regression analysis showed social support (p < 0.001) had a significant and positive relationship with self-esteem. The higher the social support (β = 0.472) was, the higher the self-esteem was. Based on the study results, it is expected that developing various programs of social support for migrant women for marriage is likely to reduce their depression and stress and increase the stability of family and social life.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.117-128
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• 2017

This study aims to propose measures to consistently induce Chinese tourists who represent the largest percentage of inbound tourism from foreign countries, utilizing raw data of 2015 Korea International Visitor Survey conducted by the Korea Culture & Tourism Institute under the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. Differences and influence factors for overall satisfaction on travel in Korea, intention to revisit Korea, and intention to recommendation were analyzed by demographic characteristics and tourism characteristics of Chinese consumers. As a result of analysis study, it came out that there are differences between overall satisfaction on travel in Korea and intention to revisit Korea by age and job of demographic characteristics. Among the tourism characteristics, there are differences in intention to revisit Korea depending on purpose of travel, intention to revisit Korea and recommendation according to route of travel information search, and there are differences in all three categories according to type of travel. The most important factor of all three category was identified as 'Food' factor and the second most influential factors were immigration procedures, security, and tourist attractiveness. It is suggested that more active research and improvement efforts are needed in the government, industry, and academia in order to attract Chinese tourists in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.35-51
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• 2001

Social historical geography is interested in geographical elements related with a social group and perceives the diverse dimensions of a geographical phenomenon. The purpose of this study is to examine and interpret the multi-layers of meanings associated with the ancestral places of lineage group, i.e. Bonkwans(本貫)in Korea with a viewpoint to social historical geography. The term Bonkwan does not appear in any historical records prior to ths 10th century. Thereafter it is used continuoushy by lineage groups or by govermment agents till the 17th century. I believe that during this long-term period Bonkwan assumed multiple geographical meanings which varied from period to period, such as residence place, a place of origin, and a place symbolizing power. Each layer of meaning was the product of a certain period and of a cetain lineage. Its first meaning was produced in the early Koryo kingdom. Its second meaning from late in the same kingdom to the early part of Chosun kingdom. In order to understand the meaning of Bonkwan correctively, we need to see it at a large perspective. That is to say, it needs to be viewed in the framework of immigration study of each lineage because the term is more is moreof a social construct than a fixed notion.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2012

Understanding the ecological complexity and habitat of a species are crucially important to conserve an endangered species. This study evaluated the patch network ecology of the endangered species $Parnassius$ $bremeri$. The results indicated that 188 individuals were captured and 220 were recaptured, respectively. The sex ratio of female: male was 42:146; males were four times more abundant than females. The average longevity of an adult was $3.93{\pm}3.93$ days (male, $4.0{\pm}3.9$; female, $2.5{\pm}1.0$ days); the maximum longevity was 14 days for males and 13 days for females, respectively. Therefore, the expected longevity of males was longer than that of females. The average emigration distance for the species was 377 m, and the maximum emigration distance was 1550 m. The analysis of patch connectivity and individual colonization revealed that the ideal distance between patches was about 300 m. Moreover, a >600 m patch distance decreased the colonization rate severely. We also observed higher immigration and emigration between patches that were clustered in close proximity. This leads us to conclude that a higher number of patches at a close distance is best suited for $P.bremeri$. We find these results to be crucial to determine a policy to protect and conserve this endangered species.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.95-100
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the implications of the case of France, which has already implemented the social integration policy with the interest of the social integration of migrants in advance of Korea. First, we analyzed the system and system of social integration policy in France. Second, we analyzed the social integration policy promotion system in France, and examined the ministries and the agencies that direct the integration policies of the migrants. Third, the implications for the integration policy of Korean immigrants were derived through the above analysis. As a result, France was promoting a consistent social integration policy at the level of the central government, and all members of the society participated in the social integration program. It also encouraged participation in the program in conjunction with social integration programs. Based on this, we concluded that the social integration policy of our country should be modified somewhat. First, it is necessary to pursue the unity of policy by uniting the ministries that can manage migrant social integration policy in our country. Second, the main target of the social integration policy of our country should include not only immigrants who migrated from abroad but also Koreans. Third, Korea should encourage migrants to participate more in social integration programs and at the same time increase their participation rate by disadvantage of staying.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.39-47
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the cases of social integration in immigrants in the Netherlands and to clarify the implications for Korea. The Netherlands is a country that implements social integration policies targeting foreign immigrants. We are preemptively implementing social integration policies for foreigners ahead of us. In this study, first of all, the literature on social integration for the immigrants in the Netherlands and the consultation on the experts were sought and the implications for the Dutch government 's social integration policy were sought. In addition, policy implications were derived based on the results of Dutch case analysis. First, the social integration program of the Dutch government mandated social integration programs for migrants, and the costs were also monetized, encouraging social integration. Also, when participation in the social integration program is passive, it imposes sanctions on migrants and emphasizes the responsibility of individual migrants. In addition, the Ministry of Internal Affairs is the control tower of the government's promotion system, and it has a platform for the unity of social integration programs in local governments. Based on the results of this analysis, the implications for the social integration policy of Korea were suggested.