• ALGAE
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.291-304
• /
• 2018

Lyngbya C. Agardh ex Gomont is a nonheterocytous cyanobacterial genus whose evolutionary history is still poorly known. The traditionally defined Lyngbya has been demonstrated to be polyphyletic, including at least five distinct clades, some of which have been proposed as new genera. Intraspecific diversity is also clearly underestimated in Lyngbya due to the lack of unique morphological characters to differentiate species. In this study, we describe the new genus Capillus T. A. Caires, C. L. Sant'Anna et J. M. C. Nunes from benthic marine environments, including two new Brazilian species (here described as C. salinus T. A. Caires, C. L. Sant'Anna et J. M. C. Nunes, and C. tropicalis T. A. Caires, C. L. Sant'Anna et J. M. C. Nunes), and two species yet to be described, one of them from India (Capillus sp. 2.1), and the other from United States of America, based on strain PCC 7419. Capillus species presented cross-wise diagonal fragmentation, assisted or not by necridic cells, which has not been previously mentioned for Lyngbya. Ultrastructural analyses showed that C. salinus and C. tropicalis have numerous gas vesicles, which are rarely described for benthic marine species. The new genus formed a well-supported clade, and the D1-D1' and Box B secondary structures of internal transcribed spacer also supported the proposal of its new species. These findings help to clarify the diversity of species in the Lyngbya complex and the taxonomy of the group, and highlight the need of further floristic surveys in tropical coastal environments, which remain poorly studied.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.359-367
• /
• 2018

비무장지대 일원의 진균 다양성을 연구하기 위한 일환으로 경기도 연천군 마전리에 있는 산과 황진리에 있는 임진강변에서 11가지 식물체 시료와 토양시료 2개를 채집하여 진균을 분리 동정하였다. 그 결과 총 18속 23종의 진균을 확인하였다. 이 중 Eupenicilliumsaturniforme, Mortierellasclerotiella, M. sossauensis, M. verticillate, Trichoderma hispanicum등 5종의 진균이 국내에 보고가 되어있지 않는 미기록 종이었다. 본 연구에서 이들의 형태적, 분자적 특성을 기술하였다.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.165-172
• /
• 2019

담수생태계에 서식하는 균류의 다양성을 조사하기 위해 연못과 하천에서 담수퇴적토, 수변식물, 담수침전식물체를 채집하였다. NNIBRFG1552와 NNIBRFG3013은 2016년 제주 남생이못에서 채집한 담수퇴적토와 수변식물에서 각각 분리되었고, NNIBRFG5472는 2018년 충북 보은의 보청천에서 채집한 담수침전식물체에서 분리되었다. 이들 3균주의 형태적 및 분자계통학적 특징을 바탕으로 동정한 결과 NNIBRFG1552, NNIBRFG3013, NNIBRFG5472는 각각Filoporella exilis (100%, KC834046), F. fistucella (99.8%, KC834047), F. cf. annelidica (100%, KC834044)로 확인되었다. 또한, 이들 3개 균주의 배양 및 형태학적 특성이 분자계통학적 분류와 일치되는 것을 확인하였다. Filosporella 속은 국내에서는 보고된 바 없으며 본 보고가 국내 최초이다.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.89-94
• /
• 2019

중국에서 범부채의 녹병균이 Puccinia iridis로 동정됨에 따라 우리나라에서도 범부채의 녹병균을 재검토하였다. 저자들이 채집한 2점의 시료를 형태적으로 검토한 결과 모두 P. iridis의 특징과 일치하였다. 또한 유전분석한 결과 ITS 및 LSU rDNA 영역의 염기서열이 기존에 기록된 P. iridis와 각각 100% 및 99%의 상동성을 나타냈다. 이를 Neighbor-joining 분석법으로 계통수를 작성하였을 때도 P. iridis 계통군에 속하였다. 따라서 우리나라에서 범부채의 녹병균으로 P. iridis의 존재가 확인되었다. 한편, 우리나라에서 2003년에 범부채의 녹병균으로 기록된 Puccinia belamcandae에 대한 재검토는 향후 숙제로 남게 되었다.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.13-18
• /
• 2019

A fungal strain, designated PTT-2, was isolated from the bark of the trunk of a persimmon (Diospyros kaki) tree in Cheongdo, Korea. The isolate showed morphological similarities with Leptosphaerulina saccharicola. Strain PTT-2 had more rapid growth on potato dextrose agar medium than on oatmeal agar, malt extract agar, and synthetic nutrient poor agar media, with colony sizes of 53.8 mm, 49.8 mm, 48.4 mm, and 28.1 mm after 7 days at $25^{\circ}C$ temperature, respectively. Strain PTT-2 produced ascospores, which had irregular wavy edges, oblong to ellipsoidal shape, hyaline appearance and $23.6{\times}10{\mu}m$ size. The black ascomata were developed on PDA medium, and asci were recorded. A BLAST search of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, TEF1-${\alpha}$ and RPB2 gene sequences revealed that strain PTT-2 showed more than 99% nucleotide similarity with a strain of Leptosphaerulina saccharicola previously reported from Thailand. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was constructed by concatenating the above-mentioned sequences, and showed that strain PTT-2 clustered in the same clade with L. saccharicola. Based on these findings, this is the first record of Leptosphaerulina saccharicola occurring in Korea.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.457-473
• /
• 2020

본 연구에서는 국내 기수 환경의 물과 토양에서 균류의 다양성을 확인하기 위해 을숙도, 금강하구둑, 순천만습지, 대호방조제, 신두리사구 및 부남방조제 총 6지점의 현장조사 및 시료를 채집하였다. 현장에서 여과한 담수시료와 담수퇴적물로부터 곰팡이를 순수분리하여 PDA배지에 접종한 후 25℃에서 배양하였다. 기수역 시료에서 순수분리된 균주는 총 173균주로 ITS 부분을 분석하여 속 수준으로 동정하였다. 분리 동정된 균주를 다양성 지수를 이용하여 분석하였다. 분리된 균류는 Pleosporales, Eurotiales, Capnodiales, Hypocreales, Polyporales, Saccharomycetales, Agaricales, Glomerellales, Mucorales, Dothideales, Russulales, Xylariales, Sordariales, Myrmecridiales, Tubeufiales, Onygenales, Cantharellales, Amphisphaeriales 목에 속하며 Cladosporium속이 20%로 가장 우점하며, 그 다음은 Penicillium (19%), Fusarium (5%)의 순서로 많이 분포하였다. Sarocladium kiliense NNIBRFG3280와 Fusicolla merismoides NNIBRFG23708를 국내 기수환경에서 발굴하였으며, 이를 국내 미기록종으로 보고하고자 한다.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제48권6호
• /
• pp.450-463
• /
• 2020

The strains 17E-042, 17E-039, and NC13-171 belong to Ascomycota and were isolated from soil collected from Sancheong-gun and Yeongam-gun, Korea. The strain 17E-042 produced white mycelial colonies that developed a sienna color with a round margin on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and the reverse side developed a light sienna color. Morphologically, this strain was similar to the strains of Arthrinium phragmites and A. hydei, but the shorter conidial size of the newly identified strain (17E-042) was distinct. The strain 17E-039 produced macroconidia that were pale yellow to orange-brown, elongated-ellipsoid to oblong, round at both ends, primarily straight but sometimes slightly curved, 0-septate, thin-walled, and filled with numerous droplets, having diameters of 20.4-34.3 × 8.0-12.0 ㎛. And the strain NC13-171 formed hyaline to light brown chlamydospores, solitary or in a chain. Multigene phylogenetic analyses were conducted using sequence data obtained from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, 28S rDNA large subunit (LSU), β-tubulin (TUB2), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α), and RNA polymerase II large subunit (RPB2) genes. The results of molecular phylogeny, the detailed descriptions and illustrations of each species strongly support our proposal that these strains from soil in Korea be designated as Arthrinium minutisporum sp. nov. and two new records of Pezicula neosporulosa and Acrocalymma pterocarpi.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제31권11호
• /
• pp.1526-1532
• /
• 2021

Suaeda australis, Phragmites australis, Suaeda maritima, Suaeda glauca Bunge, and Limonium tetragonum in the Seocheon salt marsh on the west coast of the Korean Penincula were sampled in order to identify the endophytes inhabiting the roots. A total of 128 endophytic fungal isolates belonging to 31 different genera were identified using the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene. Fusarium, Paraconiothyrium and Alternaria were the most commonly isolated genera in the plant root samples. Various diversity indicators were used to assess the diversity of the isolated fungi. Pure cultures containing each of the 128 endophytic fungi, respectively, were tested for the plant growth-promoting abilities of the fungus on Waito-C rice germinals. The culture filtrate of the isolate Lt-1-3-3 significantly increased the growth of shoots compared to the shoots treated with the control. Lt-1-3-3 culture filtrate was analyzed and showed the presence of gibberellins (GA₁ 2.487 ng/ml, GA₃ 2.592 ng/ml, GA₉ 3.998, and GA₂₄ 6.191 ng/ml). The culture filtrate from the Lt-1-3-3 fungal isolate produced greater amounts of GA₉ and GA₂₄ than the wild-type Gibberella fujikuroi, a fungus known to produce large amounts of gibberellins. By the molecular analysis, fungal isolate Lt-1-3-3 was identified as Gibberella intermedia, with 100% similarity.

• ALGAE
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2022

Cyanobacteria are distributed worldwide, and many new cyanobacterial species are discovered in tropical region. The Nostoc-like genus Amazonocrinis has been separated from the genus Nostoc based on polyphasic methods. However, species diversity within this genus remains poorly understood systematically because only one species (Amazonocrinis nigriterrae) has been described. In this study, two novel strains (NUACC02 and NUACC03) were isolated from moist rice field soil in Thailand. These two strains were characterized using a polyphasic approach, based on morphology, 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis, internal transcribed spacer secondary structure and ecology. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that the two novel strains formed a monophyletic clade related to the genus Amazonocrinis and were distant from the type species A. nigriterrae. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (<98.1%) between novel strains and all other closely related taxa including the Amazonocrinis members exceeded the cutoff for species delimitation in bacteriology, reinforcing the presence of a new Amazonocrinis species. Furthermore, the novel strains possessed unique phenotypic characteristics such as the presence of the sheath, necridia-like cells, larger cell dimension and akinete cell arrangement in long-chains and the singularity of D1-D1', Box-B, V2, and V3 secondary structures that distinguished them from other Amazonocrinis members. Considering all the results, we described our two strains as Amazonocrinis thailandica sp. nov. in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.488-500
• /
• 2022

Most fungal infections by opportunistic yeast pathogens such as Candida spp. are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with lowered immune. Previous studies have reported that some strains of Candida secret secondary metabolites play an important role in the decreasing of immunity in the infected patient. In this study, 110 Candida spp. were isolated from different clinical specimens from Baghdad hospitals. Candida isolates were identified by conventional methods, they were processed for Candida speciation on CHROMagar. The results of identification were confirmed by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing. Phylogenetic trees were analyzed with reference strains deposited in GenBank. Antifungal susceptibility testing was evaluated by the disc diffusion method and performed as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) M44-A document. Candida isolates investigated produce secondary metabolites gliotoxin with HPLC technique and quantification. Out of 110 Candida isolates, C. albicans (66.36%) was the most frequent isolate, followed by the isolates of C. tropicalis (10.9%) and C. glabrata (6.36%) respectively. Concerning the antifungal susceptibility test, Candida isolates showed a high level of susceptibility to Miconazole (70.9%), Itraconazole (68.2%), and Nystatine (64.5%). The ability of obtained isolates of Candida spp. to produce gliotoxin on RPMI medium was investigated, only 28 isolates had the ability to secret this toxin in culture filtrates. The highest concentrations were detected in C. albicans (1.048 ㎍/ml). Gliotoxin productivity of other Candida species was significantly lower. The retention time for gliotoxin was approximately 5.08 min.