• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.19
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• pp.85-98
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• 2006

Rock property of the Seosan Maaesamjonbulsang is composed of biotite granite with medium grained texture. The triad Buddha is highly deteriorated by the joint, fracture, break-out, exfoliation, dew condensation of the surface and discoloration of the secondary pollutant. Host rock of the triad Buddha is divided dozens of rock blocks with various shape, and developed irregular discontinuity planes. Besides, the host rock is promoted biological pollution due to the surrounding crowded vegetation and high humidity environment. As the results of structural stability, it is confirmed that developed discontinuity system in the host rock is exposed instability sloping environment. Therefore, the host rock and surroundings are required maintenance, and required preservation by continuance monitoring for understand behavior of discontinuity system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.92-101
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• 2018

As the interactive AI speaker becomes popular, voice recognition is regarded as an important vehicle-driver interaction method in case of autonomous driving situation. The purpose of this study is to confirm whether multimodal interaction in which feedback is transmitted by auditory and visual mode of AI characters on screen is more effective in user experience optimization than auditory mode only. We performed the interaction tasks for the music selection and adjustment through the AI speaker while driving to the experiment participant and measured the information and system quality, presence, the perceived usefulness and ease of use, and the continuance intention. As a result of analysis, the multimodal effect of visual characters was not shown in most user experience factors, and the effect was not shown in the intention of continuous use. Rather, it was found that auditory single mode was more effective than multimodal in information quality factor. In the semi-autonomous driving stage, which requires driver 's cognitive effort, multimodal interaction is not effective in optimizing user experience as compared to single mode interaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.621-628
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• 2013

It is already recognized, the fleet crew of Korean Coast Guard(KCG) have come to perform a wide range of roles that they carry on duties on inferior working conditions. Therefore a research on leadership is seemed necessary to improve organizational effectiveness for them. This study is to examine whether leadership style with transformation is appropriate in organizational commitment for the fleet crew of KCG. In this study transformational leadership is fixed as independent variables and organizational commitment as dependent variables and also five factors as demographic characteristics. Intellectual stimulation is turned out to be the most influential factor in organizational objective(t=6.664, p=0.000) and continuance commitment(t=4.057, p=0.000), but individualized consideration are uninfluential factors concerning organizational commitment.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.25-33
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• 2019

Purpose - With the economic development in China, the lifestyle of Chinese customers has changed dramatically. Chinese customers are more likely to have coffee in a shop with the ability to make them happy than those with high quality coffee in a nice physical environment. Happiness becomes a critical driver of customers' intention to purchase a cup of coffee in a specific coffee shop again and again. As a result, happiness becomes an important factor for managers to make strategies for attracting customers. Although managers and scholars pay more attention to emphasize the importance of happiness in customers' consumption, little research has been conducted to investigate the relationship between happiness and coffee shop's continuous usage intention in the Chinese coffee industry. Research design, data, and methodology - A research model is made to explain the impact of happiness on customer's behavior. To understand the influence of happiness better, we consider two dimensions of happiness which are subjective well-being and psychological well-being. In order to confirm the relationships of the variables in the research model, the online survey is constructed in China. Customers who have experienced the services in a coffee shop are asked to do the questionnaire. With 453 reliable questionnaires, structural equation modeling is used to analyze the causal relationships of the coffee quality, physical environment, subjective well-being, psychological well-being, and continuous usage intention. Results - Results indicate that coffee quality and physical environment are not the direct factors that influence customers' continuous usage intention. However, good coffee quality and physical environment are the significant predictors of Chinese customers' happiness associated with subjective well-being and psychological well-being, which in turn affects customers' continuous usage intention. Conclusions - In this study, it is proposed that coffee quality and physical environment may be the key factors influencing customers' happiness. Happiness, including subjective well-being and psychological well-being matters in decision making process. More importantly, happiness increases the continuous usage intention when the coffee shop can serve customers with higher quality coffee at a good atmospheric place. Managers should consider happiness as an important factor in making marketing strategies to compete in this industry.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.23-36
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• 2016

As a new alternative to cash and credit-cards, mobile payment has been attracting world's attention. Although fin-tech, a mobile payment system provider, has been a rising issue, mobile payment systems is not yet widely used domestically. Because trust is the most important element in revitalizing the mobile payment system, we hoped to develop a hierarchical trust model to analyze the multi-dimensional trust factor. In this study, surveys were conducted to identify the components that affect the overall trust of a mobile payment system. It has been concluded that cognitive trust, affective trust, trust in system quality affect the overall trust of the system, and this trust affects the continuance intention of users.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.38-45
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• 2017

Background: To improve muscle flexibility, static stretch is the most common type and is considered safe and effective for improving overall flexibility of muscles. During the stretch, the intensity is more likely to be determined by the degree of an athlete's pain and practitioner's skills rather than quantitative measures of stretch. It is necessary to determine the optimal intensity for the stretch. Objects: The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between hand held dynamometer (HHD) and verbal rating scale (VRS) in comparison of the effects of continuance time on active (walking) and inactive (sitting) movement after static stretch. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample (n=62) recruited from a university. Participants were randomly assigned to 2 different groups (n=31 for each group) based on participants' positions either remaining in sitting or freely walking around for a series of re-assessments. Data was collected at pre-warm up, pre-stretch, post-stretch, and additional assessments at the time of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 20 and 30 minutes after the stretch. Results: Relationship between VRS and HHD scores represents very weak correlation (Spearman's p=-.16, p>.05). Pearson's correlation analysis was conducted following the logarithmic transformation of the two scores. Pearson's correlation after the transformation still showed a very low relationship and a poor linear relationship between the two scores (Pearson's r=-.18, p>.05). Conclusion: The optimal intensity for stretch cannot be solely determined by the subjective pain perception. The objective measurement such as HHD could be used in conjunction with the pain perception.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.237-252
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• 2017

This study suggests a strategy to provide effective mobile advertising marketed by identifying factors affecting the use and avoidance intention of mobile advertising on SNS. This article has three main findings. First, each factor of usefulness, novelty and irritation have a significant effect on satisfaction and usefulness, clutter and irritation factor have a significant effect on dissatisfaction. Second, satisfaction and dissatisfaction of mobile advertising exist at the same time, and it is confirmed that they are considered when consumers use mobile advertising. The third finding is that effective mobile advertising avoids the boredom of ads through moderating irritation and should be used in fresh form with more useful information than other ads' form. The result of this study should be an important criterion that mobile advertising providers make advertisements that consumers want in the future.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.188-204
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• 2010

This research aims at finding relationship marketing factors that have positive effects on customer long-term orientation concerning wine purchasing personnels of domestic dinging companies such as sommeliers and managers. By figuring out the qualities of relationship such as the roles of trust and commitment while long-term orientation is being developed, it also tries to help wine suppliers which have been having a hard time due to domestic market recession and tight competition develop marketing strategies for promotion. A survey of wine purchasing personnels and sommeliers who work for fine dining restaurants, casual dining restaurants and wine bars was conducted for 30 days from Jan. 15, 2010 to Feb. 13, 2010. The statistical packages of SPSS 15.0 statistical package and AMOS 7.0 ver were used to perform frequency analysis, reliability test, confirmatory factor analysis, and path analysis. The result shows that among relationship marketing factors, communication and seller expertise have a positive impact on long-term orientation through trust and affective commitment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.665-668
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• 2006

After foreign exchange trouble, Korean government became effective an economy-invigorating policy that to raise the housing demand and transaction. In result, the rate economic growth kept up a high growth rate and the market recovered. But an economy-invigorating policy of continuance caused an excessive boom of housing market in the second half of 2001. Therefore Korean government enforced a speculation-restraint policy. But it caused a instability of economics. This study is to analyze the effect between the housing policy and the housing cost and is to apply the basis data of the next housing policy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.317-321
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• 2006

Construction companies do not take necessary steps for sudden change in the Construction market, In order to over come the problem, it is necessary to make Corporate Strategy through correct Market analysis. If construction companies want to secure continuance profits, they must prepare proper strategy to advance into plant market. This research performs both external and internal environment analysis, External environment analysis is for overseas construction market and advanced foreign companies, and internal environment analysis is the current status of domestic companies. The research identifies some of the Key points, growth in foreign plant market is huge, but domestic companies do not have abundant construction experience on the same field and also they lack in high value-added techniques. They are far behind the advanced companies; they don't have proper skills of Procurement, engineering and project management. This study suggests a strategy for domestic companies to take necessary step to advance into plant construction market.