• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

Hydrogen and electricity are expected to dominate the world energy system in the long term. The world currently consumes about 50 million metric tons of hydrogen per year, with the bulk of it being consumed by the chemical and refining industries. The demand for hydrogen is expected to increase, especially if the U.S. and other countries shift their energy usage towards a hydrogen economy, with hydrogen consumed as an energy commodity by the transportation, residential and commercial sectors. However, there is strong motivation to not use fossil fuels in the future as a feedstock for hydrogen production, because the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide is a byproduct and fossil fuel prices are expected to increase significantly. An advanced reactor technology receiving considerable international interest for both electricity and hydrogen production, is the modular helium reactor (MHR), which is a passively safe concept that has evolved from earlier high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) designs. For hydrogen production, this concept is referred to as the H2-MHR. Two different hydrogen production technologies are being investigated for the H2-MHR; an advanced sulfur-iodine (SI) thermochemical water splitting process and high-temperature electrolysis (HTE). This paper describes pre-conceptual design descriptions and economic evaluations of full-scale, nth-of-a-kind SI-Based and HTE-Based H2-MHR plants. Hydrogen production costs for both types of plants are estimated to be approximately $2 per kilogram.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.431-441
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• 2021

UAE is first country in Middle East to approve UN Paris Climate Agreement. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment of UAE announced National Climate Change Plan for carbon reduction to replace 24% by clean energy. Dubai open its first hydrogen station in UAE and Middle East in 2017, and Abu Dhabi planed to open second hydrogen station in 2019 but not realized. Korean government announced hydrogen economy roadmap in 2019 and various hydrogen cooperation are realized between UAE, Korea, Germany, USA, and Japan. MOU between Ministry of State of UAE and Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korea in 2019 for the cooperation of hydrogen city. This study propose strategies for the 'Hydrogen Based Public Transport in UAE' by the support of Korea government considering various stakeholder.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.1288-1294
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• 2022

Hydrogen as an environmentally friendly energy carrier has received special attention to solving uncertainty about the presence of renewable energy and its dependence on time and weather conditions. This material can be prepared from different sources and in various ways. In previous studies, fossil fuels have been used in hydrogen production, but due to several limitations, especially the limitation of the access to this material in the not-too-distant future and the great problem of greenhouse gas emissions during hydrogen production methods. New methods based on renewable and green energy sources as energy drivers of hydrogen production have been considered. In these methods, water or biomass materials are used as the raw material for hydrogen production. In this article, after a brief review of different hydrogen production methods concerning the required raw material, these methods are examined and ranked from different aspects of economic, social, environmental, and energy and exergy analysis sustainability. In the following, the current position of hydrogen production is discussed. Finally, according to the introduced methods, their advantages, and disadvantages, solar electrolysis as a method of hydrogen production on a small scale and hydrogen production by thermochemical method on a large scale are introduced as the preferred methods.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.293-300
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• 2022

The Changwon city which announced 2040 hydrogen policy vision is planning to establish the new hydrogen-centered city. The building of plant which is available to produce the 5 ton/day of liquid hydrogen is promoted as one of the projects in order to achieve the vision. However, the analysis in terms of local economic and environmental aspects is insufficient because this liquid hydrogen plant is the first in Korea. Therefore, in this study, the financial feasibility of the liquid hydrogen plant project was analyzed by reviewing the benefits of liquid hydrogen supply and environmental improvement, and the feasibility of this project has been investigated which is being built based on the hydrogen industrial plan of Changwon city.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.216-223
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• 2007

The present carbon-based energy system will not last long due to its environmental and economical drawbacks. Hydrogen energy attracts more attention recently and seems to have large ripple effect on economy providing its technical, environmental and economical problems are solved. This paper analyses the situation changed from fossil to non-fossil energy system and the R&D policies of advanced countries by reviewing the world energy status and the energy policy of foreign countries. Finally, the R&D strategy of hydrogen energy technology was developed through analyzing the present states of energy research policy and programs of major countries.

• Bulletin of the Korea Photovoltaic Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.63-69
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• 2017

New and renewable energy has attracted a significant attention since the Paris Agreement in 2015. Especially hydrogen energy is important for reducing greenhouse gas produced during transportation. The new government suggested that the eco-friendly vehicles, hydrogen infrastructure and the development of new and renewable energy are the major growth engines in the future. Hydrogen energy is also concerned as the main part of our economy in the national affairs. In the policy of Mission Innovation Strategy and the third Eco-Friendly Vehicle Master Plan, government presents the status, future direction, technical road map and distribution road map of hydrogen energy. With this trend, investments in the research and development on hydrogen and fuel cells have expanded and will continue to expand for the implementation of the policy. The cost reduction, technical innovation and the increase in the localization rate are required for the new and renewable energy, including hydrogen energy, to become the future growth engine.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.34-41
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• 1993

In order to reduce harmful substances such as particulates and nitric oxides emitted from diesel engine, man kinds of methodology like high pressure spray of diesel fuel oil, exhaust gas recirculation, emulsified fuel usage and dual fuelling have been studied. Dual fuelling of a diesel engine with hydrogen which is well-known as the clean fuel and has excellent combustibility is expected to be effective in reducing harmful substances from diesel engine. This experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of premixed hydrogen with intake air on the performance and particulate emission characteristics using a single cylinder, prechamber type diesel engine. As a result, it was clarified that a hydrogen-premixed diesel engine can be operated in the state of lower particulate emission and slightly aggravated fuel economy, compared with the conventional diesel engine.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2022

As interest in sustainable and eco-friendly energy sources is increasing due to various problems in the carbon society, a hydrogen economy using hydrogen as a main energy source is emerging. While the natural gas reforming method generates carbon dioxide, the water electrolysis method based on renewable energy is eco-friendly. The water electrolysis device currently being developed uses a 2 Nm³/hr class alkaline aqueous solution as an electrolyte and produces hydrogen based on renewable energy. In this study, risk assessment was conducted for these water electrolysis devices

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.329-344
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• 2014

In this work, quantum molecular dynamics simulations (QMD) are preformed to study the hydrogen molecules in three types of carbon nanostructures, $C_{60}$ fullerene, (5,5) and (9,0) carbon nanotubes and graphene layers. Interactions between hydrogen and the nanostructures is of importance to understand hydrogen storage for the development of hydrogen economy. The QMD method overcomes the difficulties with empirical interatomic potentials to model the interaction among hydrogen and carbon atoms in the confined geometry. In QMD, the interatomic forces are calculated by solving the Schrodinger's equation with the density functional theory (DFT) formulation, and the positions of the atomic nucleus are calculated with the Newton's second law in accordance with the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. It is found that the number of hydrogen atoms that is less than 58 can be stored in the $C_{60}$ fullerene. With larger carbon fullerenes, more hydrogen may be stored. For hydrogen molecules passing though the fullerene, a particular orientation is required to obtain least energy barrier. For carbon nanotubes and graphene, adsorption may adhere hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms. In addition, hydrogen molecules can also be stored inside the nanotubes or between the adjacent layers in graphite, multi-layer graphene.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2021

Based on Korea's Hydrogen Economy Activation Roadmap, an annual supply of 5.26 million tonnes of hydrogen is required by 2040. But if the hydrogen production from byproduct, extraction, and electrolysis of water is not able to meet the target which is 50% of total production, it would be necessary to increase the portion of imported hydrogen. Therefore, it is essential to secure a variety of sources for overseas production. In this technical report, hydrogen production/transportation policies, current condition, and future prospects of Canada, a major supply candidate, is examined and an example of blue hydrogen project which is considered the most realistic hydrogen supply method is introduced.