• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.1046-1051
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• 2023

Cigarette smoking is one of the major causes of preventable diseases, disability, and death in Korea and worldwide. It has been clearly linked to the most common causes of death among the elderly and contributes to morbidity and disability associated with many chronic illnesses that are common in this age group. The health benefits of smoking cessation for the elderly have been clearly demonstrated. However, few studies have analyzed the relationship between health and smoking by considering the following many factors, especially among disabled people. In this study, we discuss the impacts of many factors on smoking among disabled people. Adults with disabilities are more likely to smoke than their peers. Public health agencies and practitioners should consider what reasonable adjustments may need to be made to policies and interventions to ensure that they are effective for adults with disabilities.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.55-63
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• 2020

Recently, there is a strong interest in SW basic education for non-major students in universities, but SW non-majors are having a hard time learning. This paper proposes a class operation method that utilizes customized contents reflecting the interests of non-majors, rather than using existing learning contents for SW majors. The proposed method is to improve the education effects by increasing the learning motivation of SW non-majors. The paper shows a case study of A university, which has operated non-major SW basic education for more than five years. The case study analyzed the change of class satisfaction of students of pre- and post- learning group that reformed major-friendly contents about the same curriculum. As a result, the students of social sciences are interested in learning contents using public data that can examine the social and cultural phenomena of the country, and humanities students are interested in text contents such as novels, history books, and SNS articles. In addition to the understanding of the lectures, the class satisfaction was also greatly improved, and it showed that the major-friendly contents is useful for SW basic education of non-majors.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.513-519
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• 2012

Aged garlic extract (AGE) is known to have a protective effect against immune system, endothelial function, oxidative stress and inflammation. We examined the effects of exercise with and without aged garlic extract administration on body weight, lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress marker in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a HFD (HFD, n = 40) or a normal diet (ND, n = 5) for 6 weeks and thereafter randomized into ND (n = 5), HFD (n = 10), HFD with AGE (n = 10), HFD with Exercise (n = 10), or HFD with Exercise+AGE (n = 10) for 4 weeks. AGE groups were administered at a dose of 2.86 g/kg body weight, orally. Exercise consisted of running 15-60 min 5 days/week with gradually increasing intensity. AGE (P<0.01), Exercise, and Exercise+AGE (P<0.001) attenuated body weight gain and food efficiency ratio compared to HFD. Visceral fat and liver weight gain were attenuated (P<0.05) with all three interventions with a greater effect on visceral fat in the Exercise+AGE than AGE (P<0.001). In reducing visceral fat (P<0.001), epididymal fat (P<0.01) and liver weight (P<0.001), Exercise+AGE was effective, but exercise showed a stronger suppressive effect than AGE. Exercise+AGE showed further additive effects on reducing visceral fat and liver weight (P<0.001). AGE significantly attenuated the increase in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol compared with HFD (P<0.05). Exercise+AGE attenuated the increase in triglycerides compared with HFD (P<0.05). Exercise group significantly decrease in C-reactive protein (P<0.001). These results suggest that AGE supplementation and exercise alone have anti-obesity, cholesterol lowering, and anti-inflammatory effects, but the combined intervention is more effective in reducing weight gain and triglycerides levels than either intervention alone.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.141-148
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• 2022

The development of the education system and the labor market today requires new conditions for unification and functioning, the introduction of an innovative culture in the field of Education. The construction of modern management of innovative development of a higher education institution requires consideration of the existing theoretical, methodological and practical planes on which its formation is based. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the modern paradigm of organizing the mechanism of managing the innovative development of higher education institutions. Innovation in education is represented not only by the final product of applying novelty in educational and managerial processes in order to qualitatively improve the subject and objects of management and obtain economic, social, scientific, technical, environmental and other effects, but also by the procedure for their constant updating. The classification of innovations in education is presented. Despite the positive developments in the development of Education, numerous problems remain in this area, which is discussed in the article. The concept of innovative development of higher education institutions is described, which defines the prerequisites, goals, principles, tasks and mechanisms of university development for a long-term period and should be based on the following principles: scientific, flexible, efficient and comprehensive. The role of the motivational component of the mechanism of innovative development of higher education institutions is clarified, which allows at the strategic level to create an innovative culture and motivation of innovative activity of each individual, to make a choice of rational directions for solving problems, at the tactical level - to form motives for innovative activity in the most effective directions, at the operational level - to monitor the formation of a system of motives and incentives, to adjust the directions of motivation. The necessity of the functional component of the mechanism, which consists in determining a set of steps and management decisions aimed at achieving certain goals of innovative development of higher education institutions, is proved. The monitoring component of the mechanism is aimed at developing a special system for collecting, processing, storing and distributing information about the stages of development of higher education institutions, prediction based on the objective data on the dynamics and main trends of its development, and elaboration of recommendations.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.133-164
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• 1981

"Jonkyongkak" which King, Sungjong of Yi dynasty established within Sungkyunkwan in 1475 is regarded as the first university library in Korea. On the basis of modern librarianship, however, it is desirable to recognize the fact that Keijo Imperial University Library is really the first university library in Korea. In this thesis, an attempt to study the Korean university libraries under the period of Japanese control is provided. Keijo Imperial University Library is the key institution in this study. This study will focus to review the following facts: 1) the historical background of Keijo. Imperial University Library; 2) the organization and staffing pattern, and budget of this library; 3) the acquisition policy and basic collection development plan of this library; 4) the library and other services of this library including readers services; 5) the relationship with other private college libraries; and 6) the impact of this library on the present Seoul National University Library. The followings are the outlined conclusions: 1. Japanese Government had established Keijo Imperial University Library in order to perform the colonial education policy of Korean peninsula. Furthermore, it was one of the import supporting agencies for the research activities which were necessary for Japan to govern the Southeast Asia including Korean Peninsula 2. The organization and staffing size and pattern of this library are much below to those of modern university libraries. They are somewhat below to the level which is necessary to perform the minimum basic library functions. 3. The priorities of book collection of this library are 1) humanities and social sciences especially, materials on Law are much emphasized; 2) pure sciences and 3) technologies and agriculture. Therefore, the quantity of the materials on the field of technology and agriculture is very small. 4. The acquisition policies of this library are deeply influenced by the Japanese Government's colonial policy of Korean peninsula and her aggressive policy of Chinese Continent. 5. The major contribution of this library to the present Seoul National University Library is the transfer of 550,000 volumes of books and library building, but this building is now removed according to the transfer of Seoul National University Campus. 6. The staffing pattern of this library was, however, much ahead of that times. Especially, the facts that professional librarians were eligible to be appointed as the director of this library, and they had the faculty membership including faculty rank should be highly appreciated.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.39 no.1 s.119
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• pp.48-55
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• 2007

The aim of this article is to review the general property of the famous traditional Korean paper, "rice straw paper"(Bast-Fiber mixed with straw pulp), and to compare the paper qualities varying with the composition ratio of straw pulp, in order to revive the traditional paper in modem Korea. The experiment was carried out by making first the two different mixture papers, i. e., one is the paper of 50% bast fiber mixed with 50% straw pulp, and the other is the paper of 75% bast fiber with 25% oats straw pulp, and finally the 100% bast fiber paper was made for the purpose of comparison. The qualitative properties of these three kinds of paper with the different mixing ratio of the straw pulp were evaluated, and the findings of the experiment can be summarized as follow: 1. As to the quality aspects of the paper strength like tensile strength, breaking length, elongation, and tear strength, the test proved the 100% bast fiber paper as best, and the 50% mixed paper as the next good one. 2. In aspect of the printing adaptability such as density, opacity, brightness, whiteness, lab colors, air permeability, and roughness, the 50% mixed paper proved to be the best, due to the short cells in the straw pulp. 3. As to the air permeability, the larger ratio of straw pulp was found to be the lesser, and 75% bast fiber with 25% straw pulp mixture paper and the 100% bast fiber one were found 1/5 degree efficient. 4. In terms of the water absorption degree, 100% bast fiber paper was the fastest, but in case of mixture paper, 50% mixed one was a little faster up to the point of 1cm, while the two kinds of mixed ones appear to be almost similar to each other beyond the point. 5. The straw pulp mixed paper, especially the 50% mixed one was evaluated as the highest by the calligraphers who had experienced using the papers in terms of movement and feeling of the caligraphy and painting. In addition, although the 25% mixed paper is judged to be good for book printing because of the strength, the 50% mixed paper can be thought to be more desirable for painting and calligraphy. In conclusion, we will be able to make the quality paper with durability, by mixing the straw pulp with the bast fiber in proper ratio, following the tradition of Korean paper making.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.459-463
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• 2013

A study investigated the effects of a mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) on diarrhea incidence, immune response, and fecal microflora counts in post-weaning piglets. One hundred 28-day-old piglets were randomly assigned to five treatment groups: negative control (NC), free of antibiotics; positive control (PC), 0.03% chlortetracycline; LB 1, a mixture of L. plantarum and B. subtilis (LB) 0.5 kg/ton feed; LB 2, LB 1.0 kg/ton feed; and LB 3, LB 2.0 kg/ton feed. Diarrhea scores for LB 2 and LB 3 from the 2nd week were significantly reduced compared to NC (P<0.05). In terms of the level of IgG and IFN-${\gamma}$, all treatment groups were significantly higher than NC (P<0.05), and the IgG level of LB 3 was significantly higher than that of PC (P<0.05). Furthermore, fecal lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts for LB 2 and LB 3 were significantly higher than those of NC and PC (P<0.05). In addition, fecal Enterobacteriaceae (ENT) counts for PC, LB 2 and LB 3 were significantly lower than those of NC (P<0.05). Based on the results from this study, it was concluded that a combination of L. plantarum and B. subtilis strains could be used as potential alternatives to antibiotics to prevent diarrhea incidence in piglets.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.109-114
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• 2015

Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) and Mycobacterium fortuitum (M. fortuitum) are associated with considerable diseases in animals and human. In this study, the disinfection efficacy of a commercial disinfectant composed to povidone-iodine (PVI) was evaluated against C. perfringens and M. fortuitum. A bactericidal efficacy test by broth dilution method was used to determine the lowest effective dilution of the disinfectant following exposure to C. perfringens and M. fortuitum for 30 min at $4^{\circ}C$. The disinfectant and test bacteria were diluted with hard water (HW) or organic matter suspension (OM) according to treatment condition. On HW condition, the bactericidal activity of the disinfectant against C. perfringens and M. fortuitum was 50 and 80 fold dilutions, respectively. On OM condition, the bactericidal activity of the disinfectant against both C. perfringens and M. fortuitum was 15 fold dilutions. As the disinfectant composed to PVI possesses bactericidal efficacy against C. perfringens and M. fortuitum, the disinfectant solution can be used to control the spread of bacterial diseases.

• The Journal of KAIRB
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.17-31
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aims to develop preliminary items for measuring the perceived service quality of clinical trials among participants and to verify content validity. Methods: This study was designed as a methodological study. A conceptual framework was established based on Brady and Cronin's hierarchical model, and preliminary items were prepared through translation-back-translation, a review of existing instruments, and in-depth interviews with clinical trial participants and clinical research coordinators. The final items were completed through content validity testing by experts and a review of items by clinical trial participants for the prepared preliminary items. Results: Through this study, a set of 58 items across four domains (quality of interaction with researchers, the physical environment, performance procedures, and performance results) and 9 components (information·education·communication, trust, respect for participant preferences, securing facilities and space, accessibility, comfortability, informed consent, coordination of care, subjective understanding of clinical trials) on the service quality of clinical trials were completed. The scale content validity index of all preliminary items was 0.96, meeting the recommended standards. The individual-item content validity index also meets the recommended criteria for most items, excluding four items. Conclusion: This study holds significance in developing items to measure the quality of clinical trial execution from the perspective of participants. By verifying the reliability and validity of these items through subsequent research, it is expected that they can be utilized as a valuable instrument to devise strategies for improving the quality of clinical trials.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.234-240
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• 2013

This test was performed to evaluate the bactericidal efficacy of Fumagari OPP$^{(R)}$, fumigation disinfectant, containing 20% ortho-phenylphenol against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). In preliminary tests, both E. coli and S. typhimurium working culture suspension number (N value) was $4.0{\times}10^8$ CFU/mL. And all of the colony numbers on the carriers exposed the fumigant (n1, n2, n3) were higher than 0.5N1 (the number of bacterial test suspentions by pour plate method), 0.5N2 (the number of bacterial test suspentions by filter membrane method) and 0.5N1, respectively. In addition, the mean number of bacteria recovered on the control-carriers (T value) was $3.4{\times}10^6$ CFU/mL. In the bactericidal effect of the fumigant, the reduction number of S. typhimurium and E. coli (d value) was 5.26 and 5.64 logCFU/mL, respectively. According to the French standard for the fumigant, the d value for the effective bactericidal fumigant should be over than 5 logCFU/mL. With the results of this study, Fumagari OPP$^{(R)}$ has an effective bactericidal activity, then the fumigant can be applied to disinfect food materials and kitchen appliances contaminated with pathogenic bacteria.