• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.99-110
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the experience and meaning of falls among care workers caring for the elderly. Methods: The participants comprised 10 care workers in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. The data collection period was from September to November 2020, and the data were obtained through individual in-depth interviews. The collected data were analyzed using the content analysis method of qualitative research. The main interview questions were as follows: First, in the event of a fall, "can you tell us about your experience and how you dealt with the fall?; second, "can you tell us about your role and the role of family members or the center that manages falls that occur outside of nursing visits.", third, "can you tell us about the difficulties in managing falls based on your experience?", and fourth, "how are falls that occur during nursing visits managed?" Results: As a result of analyzing the experiences of nursing care workers of falls while caring for elders in their homes, five main themes were derived. These were understanding the characteristics of the elderly at home, understanding possible emergency situations, providing caring services, minimizing physical harm, and delivering clear information. Conclusion: A significant finding of this study was that care workers who visit and provide care to elders at home confirmed the need for standard guidelines on appropriate responses in the event of a fall at home and the importance of managing emergencies arising from falls among elders at home. These results highlight the need for the development of emergency response education programs, such as programs on fall care among nurses and care workers who provide care to the elderly, and for enhanced understanding of the fall risk of elders who live at home.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.225-232
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the services and cost of CVA patients in hospital-based home health care and compare the differences of home health care cost by hospital types. Methods: The subjects of this study were 5,756 home care patients with cerebrovascular disease. Data were collected by using home health care medical expense claims from 127 hospitals in 2004. Results: The home care service 'indewelling catheterization' was the highest(19.28%), and then 'nasogastric tube insertion and change(16.72%)', 'bladder irrigation(15.98)', 'wound management(simple dressing)(10.42%)' followed. Average home health care cost per visit was 39,943 won, and the highest 46,058 won in general hospitals and the lowest 33,922 won in tertiary hospitals, so there were statistically significant among the types of hospitals(F=1112.47, p<0.0001). Conclusions: The number of home health care patients has been rapidly growing with the increase of aged population and demand for home care services is rising. So, it could be urgent to develop a reasonable cost reimbursement system for home health services and to expend scopes of the roles of home care specialist nurses. Amid the demand of more detail understanding the present status of home care, our study can be contributed to provide fundamental information of home care in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.531-539
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of infection anxiety about COVID-19 perceived by home appliance installers and repair technicians on work stress. Methods: To collect data, the purpose of the study was explained through the labor union of domestic home appliance service companies, and a survey was conducted through mobile to 286 home appliance installers and repair technicians who agreed to the survey. Results: As a result of the analysis, it was found that age, fatigue, work satisfaction, visit time, and Corona 19 infection anxiety had a significant effect on work stress. In other words, the higher the age, the higher the fatigue, the lower the job satisfaction, the higher the work stress was when the visit time was more than 30 minutes, and the higher the Corona 19 infection anxiety, the higher the work stress. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, the following suggestions are made. First, in order to prevent work stress, we propose the development of a workplace health care program that can solve fatigue. Second, it is necessary to prepare a working environment and provide institutional support to reduce work stress by increasing Job satisfaction. Third, a workplace quarantine measures is needed to prevent infection for essential-workers who do face-to-face work in preparation for possible infectious diseases in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.313-320
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• 2022

Discharge plans should be considered during rehabilitation depending on the location specified by the patients. This study aims to compare the demographics and rehabilitation function according to discharge location in people with rehabilitation one month after discharge. Among 300 discharged patients, 146 were discharged to their homes, 154 were transferred to facilities such as nursing homes. The results showed that rehabilitation function that scored using the modified Barthel Index were different according to discharge location. That is, the modified Barthel Index scored greater in home discharged patients than counter group. However, the home discharged patient's physical function and daily activities showed scores that required rehabilitation. Differentiated strategies should be needed for home and facility visit rehabilitation programs for rehabilitated patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.577-588
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was intended to integrate the evidence of home care service intervention for mothers and children in vulnerable groups through an integrative literature review. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE (PubMED), EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, DBpia databases. The quality of the articles was assessed by one doctoral researcher and verified by one professor of community health nursing who had participated in the systematic review of literature. A framework was developed to identify the intervention patterns in the selected papers and categorize various elements. The extracted intervention elements were grouped into potential themes, which were verified by assessors on whether they clearly reflected the interventions in the papers. Results: Among 878 searched papers, we selected 16 papers after excluding literature that does not satisfy the selection criteria and quality evaluation. The intervention elements of 16 selected papers were categorized into six themes. The extracted intervention elements were divided into the themes of Patient-specific/Situation-specific care planning and intervention, Emphasis on self care competency, Intense home visit by developmental milestone, Reinforcing and modeling mother-child attachment, Communication and interaction across the intervention, Linkage with community resource and multidisciplinary approach. Conclusion: As a result of the analysis of proper interventions of home care services for mothers and children in vulnerable groups, it was found that it is necessary to consider indispensable intervention elements that can standardize the quality of home care services, and conduct studies on developing intervention programs based on the elements.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1488-1502
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• 2000

This study, based on current home nursing services, aims at promoting measures for establishing a community-based home nursing system derived from the pilot home nursing demonstration project conducted by the Seoul Nurses Association. The study was based on an analysis of home nursing records from march 1993 to December 1999. The following is a summary analysis, based on individual characteristics of the patients, the organization, which recommended the service for their patients and personnel services. 1. The service has been used by many elderly people 60years of age or older(66.4%). and married people(60.9%). The average number of visits by service personnel for patients of city government was 23.5. This is 2.5 times as many visits by general patients. General patients(20.2%) had only one visit from service personnel, while 65.5% of patients of city government had 10 or more visits. Particularly, for government recommended patients, 72.7% of the patients were recommended by nurses, while only 21.9% where referred to the services by doctors. The main focus of a home nursing service was to maintain present health status (53.4%), and hospice(11.6%). Also to increase hospital-based home nursing services focused on recovery(55.9%) and maintain present health conditions (19.0%). 2. For general patients, 42.0% of patients were suffering from problems related to CVA, 11.3% from high blood pressure, and for patients referred from city, 21.2% from skeletal muscular disease. Results of home nursing services 29.4% of patients were able to recover or maintain their health status, but 48.9% of the patients died. Another main point of community-based home nursing services is medication(6.7%), other basic nursing services(6.1%), special treatment, instructions on how to use medical devices(5.9%), change of physical posture(4.6%), and training on changing physical positions(4.7%). As mentioned above there were some differences between the characteristics of patients who used the pilot home nursing service conducted by the Seoul Nurses Association and those hospital-based service users. The results are believed to be useful to support a community-based home nursing service model. Particularly, patients under medical supervision and patients recommended by government-run health clinics show a higher frequency and longer use of home nursing services compared to general patients or hospital-based home nursing service users. According to the study, nurses accounted for a large number of recommendations for home nursing services. Many patients with CVA, high blood pressure, skeletal muscular disease and bedsores used community-based home nursing services, while others used the service for minor treatments or maintaining their current health status. Based on the study, the researchers make several suggestions to establish a community- based home nursing service system. First, different ways of setting up a community-based home nursing system have to be mapped out based on the evaluation of the pilot home nursing service conducted by the Seoul Nurses Association. Secondly, a new, community-based, home health care nursing service model, and reimbursement payment system have to be developed. This is based on the outcome of the analysis, and implemented policy. Accordingly, efforts are needed to develop a community- based home nursing system with an intermediary role to promote the visiting nursing services of government-run health centers.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.362-373
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the costs and benefits of individual home visiting health care using secondary data and literature review. Methods: The total number of subjects was 1,008,837. A specific program was classified into disease management, care of infant, child and women, or elderly care. The costs and effects of a program were identified from a societal perspective, and the effects were converted into monetary terms or benefits. The total cost was calculated in the way that medical expenses, travel costs and productivity losses were offset by the decrease in benefits and thus only the program budget was included in the total cost. Results: The total program cost was 47.6 billion won per year and the total annual benefit was estimated at 435.6 billion won. The benefits of arthritis management were the biggest among disease management programs. The net benefit was 388.0 billion won per year and the benefit/cost ratio was 9.16. Conclusion: Home visiting health care was validated to be economically effective. It made a positive contribution to improving the health status of vulnerable populations and reducing medical expenses. These results suggest that home visiting care should be extended more broadly to vulnerable populations.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.52-68
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• 1995

This is the quasi experimental study to evaluate the effect of individual health education for hypertensive patients at home on knowledge of hypertesnion, attitude about chronic disease, self-care management. The individual health education program was performed at each patient's home every one month through, 1 years. The first data collection was carried out in May 1991. and the last was done in July 1992 through questionaires. The study results were as follows; 1) The subjects were 22 hypertensive patients who agreed the participation of study among registered patients at a public health center in Incheon. They were consisted of thirteen males and nine females. And their duration of illness were average 5 years, their mean age were 65 years. The over all living conditions were poor and the average monthly income was 50 thousdand won. 2) The effect of individual health education through home visit was statistically significant. The Knowledge of hypertension (t= -4.40, p<.001), attitude about chronic disease (t=­2.65, p<.05), self-care management of the subjects were significantly improved. (t=-3.76, p<.001), and their blood pressure were decreased. 3) Between the knowledge of hypertesnion and the attitude about chronic disease showed significant positive relationship. But the self-care management had not relationship with these two factors. unexpectedly. 4) The knowledge of hypertension, attitude about chronic disease, and self-care management had not evenly influenced the control of hypertension. These results suggested that the effort needed to find out the other factors influencing self-care management and develop the self-care management measuring tool. And the health education programs for chronic patients were developed, systematically. And the standardized health education model was developed for home health care nursing intervention in community based.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify levels of quality of health-related life (EQ-5D) and its related factors among vulnerable elders receiving home visiting health care services in some rural areas. Methods: The subjects of this study were vulnerable elders aged 65 or higher receiving visiting health care benefits by a public health center in a county. Results: Levels of health-related EQ-5D were high when the subjects were males, their ADL and IADL were high. The EQ-5D of the vulnerable elders and social supports had a positive correlation, while their IADL and depression had a negative correlation with the EQ-5D. We can see that the EQ-5D related factors are variables that have significance influence on gender, subjective health status, BMI, IADL, depression levels, and social support. Conclusion: To improve the EQ-5D of the vulnerable elderly, it needs maintenance of independent IADL levels, social supporting systems using small meeting of the elderly in community. It is necessary to maintain independent IADL levels, enhance social supporting systems including small group gatherings for elders living alone by means of places like community halls, and develop specific intervention programs for the prevention and management of depressive elders.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2004

The home health care industry has grown rapidly and can be expected to continue to grow in the foreseeable future. Home health care refers to the practice of nursing applied to clients with a health condition in the clients place of residence. clients and their designated care givers are the focus at home health nursing practice. The goal of care is to initiate. manage and evaluate the resources needed to promote the clients optimal level of well-being and function. Nursing activities necessary to achieve this goal may warrant preventive maintenance and restorative emphases to prevent potential problems from developing. Many project program were suggested home health care model for Korea's health care system and policy direction for expansion and establishment of home health care .But the aim of this paper is to provide on overview for theoretical frame work in home health care. Theories and conceptual frameworks or models are important nursing because they define and guide the boundaries of professional practice and identify key nurse-patient-caregiver relationships that emerge with caring. Following is the research with an investigation of the literature review in the University of Arizona international medline database, In conclusion, are as followers: First, many nursing theorists have had a tremendous impact on nursing practice. the following highlights those nursing theorists that are particularly helpful in understanding home health care. 1. Florence Nightingale : Our earliest theoretical legacy. Nightingale's believes are reflected in basic infection control practice such as hand washing and infectious waste disposal and are key nursing interventions in home care. 2. Martha Roger's :Science of unitary human beings theory. Rorger's believed that the focus of shared. non invasive healing modelities is the human environmental field rather than direct physical care. These modelities continue to evolve as our awareness (reflecting greater diversity, faster rhythms, motions, and ways of knowing) transcends time and space, allowing individuals to get in touch with their integral nature of unbroken wholeness. On people as ever changing energy fields have special relevance in home care especially with hospice and palliative care applications. 3. Madeline Leininger's; Transcultural nursing theory. Home care nurses move through a variety of communities and often care for patients from different cultural back grounds. Therefore Leininger's work has a good that with home care because home care nursing practice is very culturally focused. 4. Dorothea Orem's : Self care deficit theory. Orem's theory views care as something to be performed by both nurses and patients. The role of the nurse is to provide education and support that help patients acquire the necessary activities to perform self-care. Orem's theory is foundational to have care because it begins to truly acknowledge the role of the patient in managing his or her own health. which is referred to as self-care. 5. Margaret Neuman's; Health as expending consciousness theory. Neuman believes that health compasses disease and reflects an underlying pattern of person-environment interaction. A key application of 'Neuman's work to home care is for nurses to understand that health and illness do not necessarily exist at opposite ends of a continuum. 6. Jean Watson's: Theory of human caring. Watson's theory of human caring in nursing proposes human caring as the moral ideal of nursing. Nurses participate human caring to protect, enhance and preserve humanity by assisting individuals to fing meaning in illness. pain and existence and to help others gain self knowledge. self control. and self healing such thinking lends richness to theory development. as well as clinical practice in home care. Second, Robin Rice : Dynamic self determination for self care. (A theoretical framework for home care) Dynamical self determination for self care can be useful to home care nurses in a variety of ways. As research tool it can be reflected in the interview process when the home visit. The home care nurse's role is that of facilitator of patient self-determination for self care through numerous strategies. including patient education and case management.