• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.601-611
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• 2010

Currently, a life cycle cost estimates(LCCE) is the most important factor in weapon system acquisition process. However, operation and maintenance(O&M) cost related studies are insufficient from the previous literature survey. O&M cost consists of various cost factors such a man power, maintenance and direct & indirect support costs. We have known that spare-parts cost is a key factor in the O&M cost. In this paper, we developed the spare-parts cost estimating relationships(CERs) of fixed-wing aircraft and armored vehicle weapon systems which include 4 historical cost drivers ; system acquisition cost, deterioration rate, localization rate, mission characteristic. Furthermore, we proposed the application methodologies that O&M cost estimating, total life cycle cost estimating and determination of the economic life using the spare-parts CERs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.159-165
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• 2008

For deciding the profitability and feasibility of the construction project, the schematic estimation has to not only link the design decision-making but also estimate the cost with reliability. The Object-based schematic estimation system was developed for easily linking with design-making and supports to evaluate the design alternatives in the design development stage but didn't consider the cost estimated by object supplementary and parameter work item. This research presents the Integrated Object-Parameter Schematic Estimation Model in the design development stage that can lead to more accurately estimate the cost through analyzing historical data from the high-storied office buildings. For the development of the proposed model for schematic estimation, after analyzing and classifying the work items from the Bills of Quantities(BOQs) and drawings of historical data, this research proposed the methods of estimating cost in accordance with attributes of each work item using regression analysis. In addition, a case study is performed for the effectiveness as comparing the proposed model with the previous estimating model.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.3-13
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to develop a conceptual model that establishes a new approach for functional area cost estimating in the schematic design phase. A cost estimating model should consider not only the estimate accuracy, but also the flexibility to the design alternatives and user-oriented serviceability. Therefore, this research uses the method that classifies various facilities of a building according to its functions by analyzing historical data. After setting the functional area as cost parameter, a formula which can estimate functional area cost is derived from statistical analysis. Finally, to validate the proposed conceptual model, it is applied to historical data of a military barrack project. It enables customized space planning reflecting client's needs and compares the cost of various design alternatives as well as improves estimate accuracy.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.10-27
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• 2001

This paper deals with the application of PRICE model in estimating the proper acquisition cost for weapon budgeting phase. The PRICE(Parametric Review of Information for Costing and Evaluation) Hardware model is a computerized method for deriving cost estimates of electronic and mechanical hardware assemblies and systems. The model can be used in obtaining not only initial cost estimates in conceptual phase, but also detailed cost estimates in budgeting phase depending on available historical and empirical data. We analyzed first step cost estimate parameters and derived cost equations using PRICe output dta. Using weight and complexity, We can find cost variation. Sensitivity analysis shows that cost increases exponentially as complexity increases exponentially as complexity increases. We estimated KAAV\`s (Korea Amphibious Assault Vehicle) production cost using the PRICE model and compare with engineering cost estimates which is based on actual production data submitted by the production company. The result shows that tow estimates are close within $\pm2%$ differences.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.18D no.4
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• pp.225-236
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• 2011

Various applications of LBS (Location Based Services) are being developed to provide the customized service depending on user's location with progress of wireless communication technology and miniaturization of personalized device. To effectively process an amount of vehicles' location data, LBS requires the techniques such as vehicle observation, data communication, data insertion and search, and user query processing. In this paper, we propose the historical location index, GIP-FB (Group Insertion tree with Flexible Buffer Node) and the flexible buffer node technique to adjust the cost of data insertion and search. the designed GIP+ based index employs the buffer node and the projection storage to cut the cost of insertion and search. Besides, it adjusts the cost of insertion and search by changing the number of line segments of the buffer node with user defined time interval. In the experiment, the buffer node size influences the performance of GIP-FB by changing the number of non-leaf node of the index. the proposed flexible buffer node is used to adjust the performance of the historical location index depending on the applications of LBS.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.44-61
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• 1999

Cost estimation has posed a significant challenge to estimators, planners, and managers in both government and military. Considerable historical evidence shows that accurate cost estimation has been difficult to achieve across a wide range of projects, including weapon systems. This paper introduces new cost estimating concept, CAIV(Cost As an Independent Variable) and a cost estimating case study using PRICE model, computer aided parametric estimating models(CAPE) for K1 tank cost estimate. CAIV concept is to set realistic but aggressive cost objectives easily in each acquisition program and to achieve cost, schedule, and performance objectives considering various managing risks with a project manager and industry teams. The Price model is one of computer aided cost estimating models and widely used in U.S. defense system analysis as a tool for CAIV. We analyze theories, inputs, outputs of the PRICE model and present a case study for K1 tank to estimate costs in requirement and concept phase, program and budgeting phase, and life cycle phase. Finally we obtain results that the Price model can be used in various phases of PPBEES depending upon available data and time.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.261-266
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• 2007

In this research, we studied an estimating method in client's sight to estimate the total construction cost which is based on the historical cost data at the early stage of the office buildings as a public phase. It is very difficult to analyze the estimation accurately and logically. When a client estimates a project, he/she has to consider there are many issues at the planning step, according as office buildings become gradually diversified as well as their roles continuously extended. Therefore, those are usually make problems for wasting the budget in accordance with the cost estimation errors. Moreover, many kinds of public construction projects, especially such as school, office, sports complex, and the others, have been invested the private finances defined as BTL(Build Transfer Lease) method that are required to manage the detailed process more strictly from initial planning. In order to make an effective planning, the long-term users amount and the building life cycle at the beginning of project should be considered previously and then it may enable to achieve an appropriate project plan. But actually considering overall variables in a building planning is impossible. Accordingly, suggesting a regression model based on the historical cost data from many similar types of office building to support client's role known as estimating the total cost at the early stage. And then performing the test against the proposed model to research the reasonability as using the historical cost data of Japan office buildings.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.21-29
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• 2015

Construction cost index (CCI) has been published for last 10 years, it's contributed to update the historical cost data, analysis cost fluctuation and evaluate the market price for construction works with direct or indirect manner. CCI is a secondary or processed statistics using the basic statistics of input output table (IO table) and producer price index (PPI) from the Bank of Korea (BOK). So once the basic statistics change, it is required to modify the calculating model of CCI. Recently the BOK changed some fundamental principles and the base year (from 2005 to 2010), that can be used in IO table and PPI. This research analyzed the recent revision of basic statistics and their impacts on CCI, and improved the previous CCI model in response to it. Also the validity of new CCI was verified by analyzing the items and weights utilized in CCI and comparing the related index.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1201-1208
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• 2009

A making a decision of construction cost has important meaning and function for both contractor and owner in construction projects. Especially, it should be premised that estimating the construction cost in efficient and rational way in public construction, which is invested by government funds, for efficient execution of the budget and investment as a side of government. The systematic methodology for estimating construction cost approximately of a river facility construction project has not yet been established because of its unique characteristics including its relatively small project size in terms of cost. On this study, It collect and analyze a river facility construction historical cost data for develop an approximate cost estimating model for river applied by typical embankment section method and rate application of the others activity type. And it verify suitability of model through a that result of application of real river facility construction statement at developed model. By this study, it is expected to reasonable and systematic estimating construction cost through application of developed model.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.7
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• pp.1756-1776
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• 2012

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are likely to be more prevalent as their cost-effectiveness improves. The spectrum of applications for WSNs spans multiple domains. In environmental sciences, in particular, they are on the way to become an essential technology for monitoring the natural environment and the dynamic behavior of transient physical phenomena over space. Existing sensor network query processors (SNQPs) have also demonstrated that in-network processing is an effective and efficient means of interaction with WSNs for performing queries over live data. Inspired by these findings, this paper investigates the question as to whether spatio-temporal and historical analysis can be carried over WSNs using distributed query-processing techniques. The emphasis of this work is on the spatial, temporal and historical aspects of sensed data, which are not adequately addressed in existing SNQPs. This paper surveys the novel approaches of storing the data and execution of spatio-temporal and historical queries. We introduce the challenges and opportunities of research in the field of in-network storage and in-network spatio-temporal query processing as well as illustrate the current status of research in this field. We also present new areas where the spatio-temporal and historical query processing can be of significant importance.