• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.9-15
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• 2019

The purpose of present study is to assess the maximum width of the surface cracks using the histogram analysis of image processing techniques in concrete structures. For this purpose, the concrete crack image is acquired by the camera. The image is Grayscale coded and Binary coded. After Binary coded image is Dilate and Erode coded, the image is then recognized as separated objects by applying Labeling techniques. Over time, dust and stains may occur naturally on the surface of concrete. The crack image of concrete may include shadows and reflections by lighting depending on a surrounding conditions. In general, concrete cracks occur in a continuous pattern and noise of image appears in the form of shot noises. Bilateral Blurring and Adaptive Threshold apply to the Grayscale image to eliminate these effects. The remaining noises are removed by the object area ratio to the Labeled area. The maximum numbers of pixels and its positions in the crack objects without noises are calculated in x-direction and y-direction by Histogram analysis. The widths of the crack are estimated by trigonometric ratio at the positions of the pixels maximum numbers for the Labeled objects. Finally, the maximum crack width estimated by the proposed method is compared to the crack width measured with the crack gauge. The proposed method by the present study may increase the reliability for the estimation of maximum crack width using image processing techniques in concrete surface images.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.2647-2654
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• 2011

In this paper, the algorithm that recognizes the gesture by configuring the feature information obtained through edge orientation histogram and principal component analysis as low dimensional gesture symbol was described. Since the proposed method doesn't require a lot of computations compared to the existing geometric feature based method or appearance based methods and it can maintain high recognition rate by using the minimum information, it is very well suited for real-time system establishment. In addition, to reduce incorrect recognition or recognition errors that occur during gesture recognition, the model feature values projected in the gesture space is configured as a particular status symbol through clustering algorithm to be used as input symbol of hidden Markov models. By doing so, any input gesture will be recognized as the corresponding gesture model with highest probability.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.321-341
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• 2007

It will be possible to prevent the infringement of the trademarks and the insueing disputes regarding the originality of the trademarks by using an efficient content-based trademark image retrieval system. In this paper, we describe a content-based image retrieval system using the Self Organizing Map(SOM) algorithm. The SOM algorithm utilizes the visual features, which were derived from the gray histogram representation of the images. In addition, we made the objective effectiveness evaluation possible by coming up with a quantitative measure to gauge the effectiveness of the content-based image retrieval system.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.532-536
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• 2016

Frame Rate Up Conversion (FRUC) generate interpolated frames between existing frames using motion estimation and motion compensation interpolation considering temporal redundancy. Falsely-estimated FRUC, however, can generate poor quality frames because FRUC typically uses blending-based interpolation method. As skipping an interpolating process between frames generate mis-estimated motion vectors, could improve Quality of Services of FRUC. In this Paper we analyze luminance histogram and motion vector consistency in frames generating poor quality interpolated frames. We conclude these features could help to be a clue in classifying the frames, which often result in the poor quality of FRUC results through the analysis and experiment.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.47-55
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• 2010

In this paper, we proposed a recognition system of smile facial expression for smile treatment training. The proposed system detects face candidate regions by using Haar-like features from camera images. After that, it verifies if the detected face candidate region is a face or non-face by using SVM(Support Vector Machine) classification. For the detected face image, it applies illumination normalization based on histogram matching in order to minimize the effect of illumination change. In the facial expression recognition step, it computes facial feature vector by using PCA(Principal Component Analysis) and recognizes smile expression by using a multilayer perceptron artificial network. The proposed system let the user train smile expression by recognizing the user's smile expression in real-time and displaying the amount of smile expression. Experimental result show that the proposed system improve the correct recognition rate by using face region verification based on SVM and using illumination normalization based on histogram matching.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.1207-1214
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• 2009

In this study, we propose a novel color-image segmentation algorithm to discern the teeth region utilizing RG intensity and its relevant RGB histogram features with resolving the variations of its maximum intensity in terms of peaks and valleys. Tooth candidates in a CCD image are first extracted by applying RGB color multi-threshold levels and consequently the successive morphological image operations and a Sobel-mask edge processing are performed to resolve the teeth region and its contour.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.862-864
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• 2003

Thresholding is a popular image segmentation method that converts a gray-level image into a binary image. The selection of optimum threshold has remained a challenge over decades. Many image segmentation techniques are developed using information about image in other space rather than the image space itself. Most of the technique based on histogram analysis information-theoretic approaches. In this paper, the criterion function for finding optimal threshold is developed using an intensity-based classuncertainty (a histogram-based property of an image) and region-homogeneity (an image morphology-based property). The theory of the optimum thresholding method is based on postulates that objects manifest themselves with fuzzy boundaries in any digital image acquired by an imaging device. The performance of the proposed method is illustrated on experimental data obtained by W-band millimeter-wave radiometer image under different noise level.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.210-220
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• 2003

This work presents a method of point to surface assignment fur 3D metrology of solder pastes on PCB. A bounding box enclosing the solder paste tightly on all sides is introduced to avoid incorrect assignment. The shape of bounding box fur solder paste brick is variable according to geometry of measured points. The surface geometry of bounding box is obtained by using five peaks selected in the histogram of normalized gradient vectors. By using the bounding box enclosing the solder pastes, the task of point-to-surface assignment has been successfully conducted, then geometrical features are obtained through the task of surface fitting.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2024.05a
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• pp.18-19
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• 2024

High Dynamic Range 는 디지털 카메라에 내장된 영상 보정 장치인 Image Signal Processor 의 주요 기능 중 하나로서, 영상의 밝고 어두운 정도의 범위를 넓혀, 피사체가 더 또렷하게 보이도록 한다. 초당 수십 프레임을 촬영하는 경우, 실시간 보정처리를 위해 ISP 에 사용되는 기능 및 알고리즘은 신속성과 효율성이 요구된다. 본 연구는 ISP 에 적합한 HDR 알고리즘을 선정을 목표로 하여, Histogram Equalization 과 Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization 을 소개한다. 이어 해당 알고리즘들을 컴퓨터 프로그래밍으로 구현, CMOS 이미지 센서를 통해 추출한 raw image 를 보정하여 각 알고리즘의 성능을 검토하였다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.12
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• pp.67-75
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• 2016

DNA computing technology makes the interests on DNA storage and DNA watermarking / steganography that use the DNA information as a newly medium. DNA watermarking that embeds the external watermark into DNA information without the biological mutation needs the reversibility for the perfect recovery of host DNA, the continuous embedding and detecting processing, and the mutation analysis by the watermark. In this paper, we propose a reversible DNA watermarking based on circular histogram shifting of DNA code values with the prevention of false start codon, the preservation of DNA sequence length, and the high watermark capacity, and the blind detection. Our method has the following features. The first is to encode nucleotide bases of 4-character variable to integer code values by code order. It makes the signal processing of DNA sequence easy. The second is to embed the multiple bits of watermark into -order coded value by using circular histogram shifting. The third is to check the possibility of false start codon in the inter or intra code values. Experimental results verified the our method has higher watermark capacity 0.11~0.50 bpn than conventional methods and also the false start codon has not happened in our method.