• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1774-1781
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidative activities of Crab meat analogue prepared with protein hydrolysates obtained from mechanically deboned chicken meat (MDCM) from spent laying hens. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity was increased by adding MDCM hydrolysates during storage, and activity correlated with the concentration of DPPH added up to 6 weeks of storage. Hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity was increased in all analogues containing MDCM hydrolysates. At 0 days of storage, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity was increased by the addition of MDCM hydrolysates. Activity did not correlate after 6 weeks of storage, in which ACE-inhibitory activity was increased with low concentrations of MDCM hydrolysates, but no ACE-inhibitory activity was observed at higher concentrations. The liver-protecting activity of crab meat analogue was shown to be around 60% of the positive control; however, it was not significantly different among the samples during storage. These results support the use of MDCM as a source of health-promoting constituents in crab meat analogue.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.187-195
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• 1986

본 연구는 상용종계 모계통으로 이용되고 있는 White Plymouth Rock종에서 부화시간에 따른 체중과 체척치의 차이를 구명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 종웅계 60수와 종빈계 300수를 교배하여 생산된 종란을 부화하여 발생된 초생추중 "C"계통 551수와 "D"계통 424수등 총 975수를 육성하여 조사한 성적과 부화시간을 479시간부터 3시간 간격으로 521시간까지 14회 조사하여 얻은 자료에 근거하여 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 부화시간별 체중 및 체척치 : 4, 6주 및 8주령 체중, 흉골장 및 정강이 길이의 평균치는 부화시간이 경과함에 따라 낮아지는 경향을 뚜렷이 볼 수 있었다. 수탉에 있어 부화시간의 효과는 대부분의 형질에 대하여 고도의 통계적인 유의성(P〈.01)을 보였고, 6주 및 8주령 흉골장은 유의차가 없었으나 부화시간이 경과함에 따라서 흉골장이 뚜렷하게 짧아지는 경향을 보였다. 암탉에 있어 부화시간의 효과는 주령별 모든 형질에 대하여 통계적 유의성이 있었고, 수탉에서와 마찬가지로 부화시간이 증가할수록 각 주령별 체중이 현저하게 작아지는 경향을 나타냈다. 2. 계통별 체중 및 체척치 : 계통별 부화시간에 따른 평균능력 중 부화시간은 "D"계통이 "C"계통보다 수탉이 7.4시간, 암탉은 7.2시간이 더 길었으며, 산육능력에서는 "C" r계통이 모든 형질에서 더 우수하였다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.261-265
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• 1999

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of feeding Angelica gigas Nakai by-products on performance and meat quality of Korean native chicks(KNC). Five hundred forty KNC were placed into 0, 0.2, and 0.4% Angelica gigas supplements with four replications between males and females. Weight gain, feed conversion ratio(FCR), breast meat lipid, fatty acid and protein contents were measured from 17 to 20 weeks old. Egg production, feed intake and FCR were examined from 22 to 29 weeks at four weeks at four weeks intervals. Basal diets based on corn and soybean meal contained 15% crude protein and 2,850㎉/kg ME for the growing period, 16.5% and 2,800㎉/kg for the laying period. Experiments were designed in a one way analysis. Weight gain of female chicks fed 0.2% Angelica gigas by-products increased significantly compared to that of other treatments for the growing period, but was not consistency in male groups. Moisture, protein, fat content were not statistically different among all treatments. Fatty acid composition(C16:0, C18:0) of chicks fed 0.2% Angelica gigas by-products was higher than other treatments. In laying period, hens fed 0.2 or 0.4% Angelica gigas Nakai by-products seemed to increase the egg production and significantly improved FCR compared to that of control(P〈0.05). Birds fed 0.4% treatment showed significantly the lowest feed intake and FCR of all treatments(P〈0.05). The results of these studies indicated that dietary supplemental Angelica gigas by-products may have a role to improve the performance of KNC.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.21-36
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• 2012

In this study, the assessment of livestock manure nitrogen loading for recycling farming in Yeoju-Gun carried out comparing manure units based on the cultivation areas and the N-amount of manure that are generated from livestock manure. Manure units (MU) are used in the permitting, registration, because they allow equal standards for all animals based on manure nutrient production. An MU is calculated by multiplying the number of animals by manure unit factor for the specific type of animal. The manure unit factor for MU determination was determined by dividing amounts of manure N produced 80kg N/year. In this study, manure unit by nitrogen concentration and amount of animal manure was calculated as follows: Hanwoo multiplied by 0.36, dairy cows multiplied by 0.8. swine multiplied by 0.105. The laying hens and broilers multiplied by 0.0079, 0.0049, respectively. The analysis of liquid manure unit per ha shows that the N loading by LMU is quite different by region. When it comes to nitrogen loading, the LMU per ha of cultivated land in excess of the N-amount was the highest in the Bukne-myeon province with 2.76 MU/ha, which is higher than the appropriate level. The Ganam-myeon province came next with 2.53 LMU. To be utilized as a valid program to build the environmentally friendly agricultural system, diverse measures shall be mapped out to properly determine manure units, evaluate N-loading and to properly manage their nutrient balance of each region.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2013

We conducted investigations of the information and welfare of broiler chickens in Korea. The livestock housing of all broiler chicken farms were windowless type, bell feeder and nipple waterer were used, and stocking density was relatively higher (ranging from 18.2 $birds/m^2$ to 24.2 $birds/m^2$) than RSPCA's welfare standards for chicken hens (less than 19 $birds/m^2$). The ratios of sandwich panel, urethane form, slate, and steel plate in roofing materials were 61%, 21%, 13%, and 5%, respectively. The ratios of sandwich panel, urethane form, brick, and steel plate in wall materials were 61%, 21%, 13%, and 5%, respectively. The ratios of soil and concrete in flooring materials were 10% and 90%. The mist spray, fan, and cooling pad in cooling facilities were 42%, 32%, and 26%, respectively. Thus we believe that present data contribute to develop the animal welfare certification for broiler chickens and to improve animal welfare in Korea.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표논문집
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• pp.572-576
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• 2006

본 시험은 산란계에 생균제를 급여하였을 때 산란계의 산란능력과 계분내 유해가스 감소에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 산란계용 사료에 생균제를 0.2%와 0.5%를 처리한 구와 무처리의 3개 처리구를 두고 처리당 6반복, 반복당 4수씩 총 72수의 갈색 산란계(36주령)를 공시하여 6주간(42일) 사양 시험을 실시하였다. 산란계 사료에 생균제의 참가량을 증가함에 따라 산란율은 증가하였으며, 사료 섭취량은 감소하였다. 한편 계란의 품질에서는 생균제의 첨가량을 증가함에 따라 난중, 농후난백고, HU 및 난항색도가 증가하였다. 산란계의 영양소 이용율에서는 가용무질소물을 제외하고 건물, 조단백질, 조지방 및 조섬유 이용율이 생균제를 첨가함에 따라 증가하였다. 계분내 유해가스 발생량에서는 암모니아, 황하수소 및 멜캅탄 가스의 감소에 효과가 있었으며, 특히 황화수소의 감소에 효과가 있었다. 이상의 시험결과를 종합해 볼 때 산란계에 첨가한 생균제는 산란율을 증가시킬 뿐만아니라 계란의 품질 향상에 효과가 있었다. 또한 영양소 이용율을 개선하고 계분내 유해가스를 감소시키는 효과가 있었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.339-347
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• 1998

The effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in egg yolk on fatty acid composition and lipid oxidation during chilled storage (4$^{\circ}C$) were investigated. CLA was synthesized according to the method of alkali isomerization using safflower seed oil (SSO). A total of 250 hens (200 days of age) were fed control diet (commercial formula feed for han) or CLA-supplemented diet (1%, 2.5% and 5% CLA) or 5% SSO supplemented diet for 6 weeks, and eggs were collected for analysis of CLA, fatty acid compositons and lipid oxidation. Eggs from CLA-supplemented diets groups showed significantly (p＜0.05) higher CLA content compared to those of control group. The contents of linoleic, palmitic, and myristic acid were increased as well as CLA content by feeding a CLA-supplemented diet. However, the contents of oleic and arachidonic acids in egg yolks were decreased by dietary CLA supplementation. The pH of egg yolk increased by the levels of CLA during storage. The contents of CLA were not significantly (p＜0.05) changed during chilled storage for 28 days, whereas TBARS were significantly (p＜0.05) increased. It is suggested that lipid oxidation of egg yolk might be affected by the levels of CLA in egg yolk due to changes in fatty acid compositions.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.415-420
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• 2004

Immunoprophylatic effect of IgY against B. bronchispetica was proven with 100% preventive rate in mice administrated with IgY with antibody titer 1:640~1:2,560. Intramuscular administration was more efficient than oral administration. This phenomenon was also observed in the therapeutic effects of IgY after challenge with B. bronchseptica in mice. In the field trials with the egg yolk antibodies from hens immunized with combined antigens with B. bronchiseptica and parvovirus, curing rates in dogs with severe clnical signs such as bloody diarrhea were 81.6% and 86.7% by intramuscular or subcutaneous administration of IgY, respectively. Safety of the antibodies in dogs was proven without any side effects such as vomiting, edema, fever, etc. by adminstration of double doses for 7 days. These results indicated that the egg yolk antibodies could be used as effective prevention and treatment of alimentary and respiratory diseases in dogs.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.527-532
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• 2015

This study was performed to investigate the phyico-chemical characteristics of breast meat from spent hens (SP) in comparison with the same part from the broilers (BR). The moisture and crude protein contents for SP were 72.56% and 24.26%, which were lower than 75.87% and 24.64% for BR. Crude fat and crude ash contents in SP were 0.45% and 1.00%, which were higher than the BR contents of 0.41% and 0.51%. The respective L, a and b value for SP were 48.61, 2.40 and 2.42, which were lower than the BR values of 49.41, 1.45 and 3.06 respectively. The pH for SP was 5.89, which was higher than pH 5.79 for BR. The WHC for SP was 50.29%, which was lower than that of BR at 62.31%. SP scored 28.04% in the heating loss test, which was significantly higher than 19.09% for BR. The shear forces for SP and BR were 4.86 kg and 1.36 kg respectively, which meant that the texture of SP was much tougher than that of BR. Hardness for SP was 8.89 kg while that of BR was 3.92 kg indicating that the SP texture is firmer than that of BR. Oleic acid was most abundant fatty acid in both samples and was at 44.15% in SP and 27.68% in BR.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1423-1431
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• 2012

The inhibitory effect of IgY against Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus responsible for seafood-borne diseases was investigated in this study. Water-soluble fractions (WSF) of protein containing IgYs were isolated from the egg yolk of hens initially immunized with formalin-inactivated V. parahaemolyticus or V. vulnificus. Protein, total and specific IgY contents of the WSF were determined. The inhibitory and protective effects of IgYs on the growth of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were assayed in liquid medium and in mice. IgYs showed high affinity to their corresponding antigens with high titer from day 28 onwards. Protein contents and total IgY concentrations remained stable throughout the immunization period, whereas specific IgY concentrations increased steadily and reached a plateau at day 49. Specific IgY powder (150 mg/ml) significantly inhibited further multiplication of both V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus in liquid medium as compared with the control IgY. The bacteria count in mice feces was lower in mice pretreated with specific IgYs than in those pretreated with PBS or control IgY. Higher survival of mice was observed in the experimental groups pretreated with either anti-V. parahaemolyticus (75% survival) or anti-V. vulnificus (87% survival) IgYs, compared with those in the control groups pretreated with PBS or nonspecific IgY. All mice in the control groups died within three days after bacteria inoculation; hence, the protective effect of specific IgYs against infection caused by V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus was demonstrated.