• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.125-143
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• 2018

The study consisted of a survey of the residential satisfaction level of the 3rd grade students and a survey of accessibility from farms for practical field training to public facilities. According to the geographical location of the farms on the map, the average distance to facilities related to convenience or safety and health that students complained was about 12km. And that to social and public facilities was about 4.4km. Students pointed out the convenience of using transportation, commercial and convenient facilities, and the safety of anti-crime security facilities as complaints during the practice session. Residential satisfaction levels in five realms, such as facility and structure, convenience, safety, comfort and sociality, were not all reached at the satisfaction level. In particular, the satisfaction level of female students was sub-normal in the safety and convenience realms. The average satisfaction levels reviewed by department were sub-normal for horse industry and floriculture departments. By residential patterns, satisfaction with sharing with the farmers was higher than with other patterns. And satisfaction level by housing structure was much lower in the assembly and container structures Since residential satisfaction level is determined by the inside and outside environment of the dwelling, college should provide students with accurate and vivid data using information communication technologies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.783-790
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• 2023

The term edutech has recently been attracting attention as the convergence of education and technology is emphasized. Schools are also exploring teaching methods using edutech. The purpose of this study is to analyze the satisfaction of 210 radiology students after using Quizn Platform and the difference in satisfaction with Quizn Platform according to general characteristics. The research results are as follows. First, as a result of the satisfaction analysis according to class type, the following order was practical class, theory + practice class, and theory class. Second, the desired teaching methods among theory classes according to general characteristics were core classes (quiz solving), lecture-style classes, discussions, and discussion classes. Third, 'Quizn was used appropriately in class.' had the highest score at 4.27±0.60, and 'I am very interested in this subject.' had the lowest score at 3.98±0.74. Additionally, there was no significant difference in response to the teaching method (p>0.05). Fourth, 'Applying Quizn to class was interesting and fun' showed the highest score at 4.24±0.94, and 'Institutional support must be provided to continue using Quizn at 3.49±0.96. Additionally, there was no significant difference in satisfaction with classes according to gender and age (p>0.05). As a limitation of this study, although we investigated the satisfaction of students using Quizn, we were unable to investigate the satisfaction of instructors who interact with students. In the future, research that considers instructor satisfaction in classes using edutech should be conducted. Universities must provide institutional support and continuous interest until edutech is selected and utilized.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.383-390
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• 2024

We conducted this study to identify factors that influence college students' willingness to perform CPR. The subjects of the study were 229 college students from J City and D City. A URL was distributed to those who agreed to the study and a non-face-to-face survey was conducted using a questionnaire form. The research results were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 23.0. 155 out of 229 people (67.7%) responded that they would perform CPR if they found a patient suffering from cardiac arrest. Factors that differences between the CPR performing group and the non-performing group include gender, grade, experience of practice, number of CPR training, period of last CPR training, Have a CPR certification, and knowledge of CPR, Confidence of CPR. There was a statistically significant difference(p<0.05). Factors affecting the willingness to perform CPR include those who have actual experience of CPR, those who have CPR certification, and the higher their confidence in CPR, the higher the willingness to perform CPR. Accordingly, in order to increase confidence in CPR, we emphasize the importance of realistic performance experience and propose the development and application of various educational methods to increase the implementation rate through sufficient simulation learning.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2024

Objectives: Frozen shoulder (FS) is one of the most challenging shoulder disorders for patients and clinicians. Its symptoms mainly include any combination of stiffness, nocturnal pain, and limitation of active and passive glenohumeral joint movement. Conventional treatment options for FS are physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, injection therapy, and arthroscopic capsular release, but adverse and limited effects continue to present problems. As a result, pharmacoacupuncture (PA) is getting attention as an alternative therapy for patients with FS. PA is a new form of acupuncture treatment in traditional Korean medicine (TKM) that is mainly used for musculoskeletal diseases. It has similarity and specificity compared to corticosteroid injection and hydrodilatation, making it a potential alternative injection therapy for FS. However, no systematic reviews investigating the utilization of PA for FS have been published. Therefore, this review aims to standardize the clinical use of PA for FS and validate its therapeutic effect. Methods: The protocol was registered in Prospero (CRD42023445708) on 18 July 2023. Until Aug. 31, 2023, seven electronic databases will be searched for randomized controlled trials of PA for FS. Authors will be contacted, and manual searches will also be performed. Two reviewers will independently screen and collect data from retrieved articles according to predefined criteria. The primary outcome will be pain intensity, and secondary outcomes will be effective rate, Constant-Murley Score, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, range of motion, quality of life, and adverse events. Bias and quality of the included trials will be assessed using the Cochrane handbook's risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. Meta analyses will be conducted using Review Manager V.5.3 software. GRADE will be used to evaluate the level of evidence for each outcome. Results: This systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted following PRISMA statement. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Conclusion: This review will provide scientific evidence to support health insurance policy as well as the standardization of PA in clinical practice.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2010

The subjects of this study were patients at scaling practice, the total number of the subjects was 249 of 138 men and 111 women. The results were analyzed using SPSS 12.0. 1. In oral health care, among tooth brushing methods, scrub method was found to be 65.9%(164 patients), and 83.9%(209 patients) did not use oral care aids. 2. Mean calculus index was $0.57{\pm}0.22$. 3. For calculus index per tooth brushing method, there was statistically significant difference in all of the upper jaw, the lower jaw, the anterior portion, and the posterior portion(p < 0.05). 4. For calculus index per frequency of tooth brushing, there was statistically significant difference in the upper jaw, the lower jaw, and the posterior portion(p < 0.05). 5. For calculus index per time of tooth brushing and per use of oral care aids, there was statistically significant difference in all of the upper jaw, the lower jaw, the anterior portion, and the posterior portion(p < 0.05). 6. For factors influencing calculus index, as a result of applying stepwise method based on 0.05 of significance level, age, use of oral care aids, sex, and time of tooth brushing were found to influence calculus index. Final regression model was calculus index = $0.362^*age+0.216^*$use of oral care aids - $0.161*sex-0.127^*$time of tooth brushing, and explanatory power of the model was 23.4%. $0.362^*age+0.216^*$use of oral care aids - $0.161^*sex-0.127^*$time of tooth brushing, and explanatory power of the model was 23.4%.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.41-55
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• 1980

The medical care insurance system, being put into practice nearly for three years, seem to have brought about some considerable problems as serious for the government as to consider a revision of that system. As one of the most serious problems of present system, the treatment cost of insurance patients is so remarkably low in comparison with than of non-insurance cases that normal operation of hospitals is threatened and care services of low quality are induced. The researcher carried out this survey to analyze and bring to light several aspects of treatment cost of non-insurance patients as a material for a re-assessment of the cost of insurance cases which shows a a considerable difference in amount at the standpoint of hospitals with than of non-insurance cases and further, hoping the significant blind spot of present insurance system(that is, the absence of regulations' for cost assessment by patterns or types of health care treatment) will be mended in near future. The survey was carried out with the treatment invoice sheets of total 902 in-hospital Patients of a general hospital in Seoul during the period of the 2 nd quarter of the year(1979). Among total 902 patients, 694 cases were used for analysis, because those disease or syndromes shared by less than 10% of the patients were put aside before procession. The data were analyzed by kinds or types of diseases, demographic characteristics of patients, hospitalization patterns, types of nursing treatment, etc. The result of analysis was as follows 1. Among all the non-insurance cases, those who received one or more kinds of nursing treatment mounted up to 96. 7 ％. The invoice issue frequency per person was 7.2 times, while that frequency per day for a person was 0.8, : the treatment cosr per person was ￦22,650 while its daily average was ￦2,430, due to the average 9.3 in-hospital days per person. 2. As to the nursing treatment types by the demographic characteristics of patients and hospitalization patterns. a. The unit cost female patients was generally more expensive them that of males, and independent nursing service was more given than other types of treatment. As to age, higher age groups received independent nursing service most, while the youngest group received instrumental and integrated nursing services. b. As to room grade, the unit cost of I.C.U. cases was the highest : and the cast of private room patients was higher than that of public room patients. By in-hospital days, the curve of function showed L. type : that is, the longer stay, the lower function. 3. State of treatment types by kinds of disease were ; a. Dependent nursing service showed comparatively high availability in surgical and neurologic disease and independent nursing service was most received by medical, obstetrical and urological patients, while instrumental and integrated services were most available for respiratory disease and obstetrical and neurologic diseases next. b. The invoice issue frequency per day for a patient was highest in obstetrical disease 3.8 times, and the unit cost(per one invoice sheet) was also highest in obstertrical disease(￦10,880) and next in neurologic cases(￦ 4,690 ). 4. As to the pertained departments. a. Cost amount per person was highest in department of Psychiatries daily cost was highest in obstetrical cases : while the invoice issue frequency was highest in obstetrics and next in pediatrics. b. In departments in need of surgical operation, dependent nursing care was highly availabl : while in internal medicine and obstetrics, independent service was higher. Psychiatrics showed the highest the of integrate nursing while pediatrics and obstetrics higher of instrumental services. The variation co-efficien of treatment cost came out to be relatively in high in special surgery, opthalmology and internal medicine. 5. State of treatment cost by types of nursing behavior was. a. The average frequency of invoice issue was 3.5 (times). Among the type four types of treatment, instrumetal service (4.3) and independent nursing behavior(3.9) showed higher frequency than average respectively. But as to unit cost (per invoice). dependent (￦5,200) and integrated (￦5,340) nursing care services were higher than average and considerably higher than the other two types. b. In repect patient distribution. independent nursing behavior(80.3% ) was the highest and depend ent nursing (31.7% ) the lowest. The variation co-efficient of treatment cost appeared highest in dependent nursing be havior as a whole, and among that, doctor's diagnosis showed the highest coefficient value (100.7). In conclusion, the variaty of treatment cost(treatment itself ) by various characteristics and treatment types pro- that treatment various sort of patients and treatment cost of various types of nursing behavior cannot be uniform. Therefore, to attain the equalization of health care service and its cost both for insurant and non-insurant patients, a more specific provision for assessment of cost should be added to the present medical care insurance system and, in addition, the cost of nursing treatment is desired to be inserted into the treatment invoice.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.208-212
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• 2012

In previous studies, ovarian follicle in rat has been used a higher radiation dose than that for cancer radiotherapy in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of radiation dose used for cancer radiotherapy on ovarian follicle atresia in rat. Mice of 4-week-old female were whole body irradiated with 2 cGy or 2 Gy (Mevatron 67, Siemens, Germany) and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Ovaries were collected at 24 hours after irradiation to observe the degree of follicular atresia. Ovaries were fixed in neutral formaldehyde solution for 24 hours and embedded with paraffin. Cutted in $5{\mu}m$ thickness with microtome and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and TUNEL immunohistochemical stain, and examined histologically under a light microscope. All data were presented as mean ${\pm}SD$, calculating the ratio of normal or atretic follicles to total ovarian follicles. Statistical analysis was performed by the Mann Whitney test using the SPSS ver 19.0. Ratio of atretic to total follicles of 2 Gy group was significantly higher than control or 2 cGy groups (p<0.05). Ratio of normal to total follicles of 2 Gy group was significantly lower than control group in preantral follicle (64.0 vs. 87.7, p=0.027). Ratio of normal to total follicles of 2 cGy group was significantly increased more than control or 2 Gy groups in antral follicle, and there were no significant difference between control and 2 Gy groups (p=0.522). Radiation dose of 2 Gy for cancer radiotherapy have a significant effect on ovarian follicle atresia in rat.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 2016

Objectives: In this study, we investigated the biodegradation rates of 8 perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) alternatives synthesized at the at Changwon National University in comparison to those of PFOS potassium salt and PFOS sodium salt. Methods: A biodegradability test was performed for 28 days with microorganisms cultured in the good laboratory practice laboratory at the Korea Environment Corporation following the OECD Guidelines for the testing of chemicals, Test No. 301 C Results: While $C_5H_8F_3SO_3K$, $C_8F_{17}SO_3K$ and $C_8F_{17}SO_3Na$ were not degraded after 28 days, the 3 alternatives were biodegraded at the rates of 31.4% for $C_8H_8F_9SO_3K$, 25.6% for $C_{10}H_8F_{13}SO_3K$, 23.6% for $C_{25}F_{17}H_{32}S_3O_{13}Na_3$, 20.9% for $C_{15}F_9H_{21}S_2O_8Na_2$, 15.5% for $C_{23}F_{18}H_{28}S_2O_8Na_2$, 8.5% for $C_{17}F_9H_{25}S_2O_8Na_2$ and 4.8% for $C_6H_8F_5SO_3K$. When the concentration was the same(500 mg/L), $C_{23}F_{18}H_{28}S_2O_8Na_2$ had the lowest tension with 20.94 mN/m, which was followed by $C_{15}F_9H_{21}S_2O_8Na_2$ (23.36 mN/m), $C_{17}F_9H_{25}S_2O_8Na_2$ (27.31 mN/m), $C_{25}F_{17}H_{32}S_3O_{13}Na_3$ (28.17 mN/m), $C_{10}H_8F_{13}SO_3K$ (29.77 mN/m) and $C_8H_8F_9SO_3K$ (33.89 mN/m). Having higher surface tension of 57.64 mN/m and 67.57 mN/m, respectively, than those of the two types of PFOS salts, $C_6H_8F_5SO_3K$ and $C_5H_8F_3SO_3K$ were found valueless as substitute for PFOS. Conclusion: The biodegradation test suggest that 6 compounds could be used as substitutes for PFOS. $C_{23}F_{18}H_{28}S_2O_8Na_2$ and $C_{15}F_9H_{21}S_2O_8Na_2$ were found to be the best substitutes based on biodegradation rate and surface tension, followed by $C_{25}F_{17}H_{32}S_3O_{13}Na_3$, $C_8H_8F_9SO_3K$ and $C_{10}H_8F_{13}SO_3K$. $C_{17}F_9H_{25}S_2O_8Na_2$ was found to have relatively low value as an alternative but it still had a potential to substitute the conventional PFOS.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2015

Thyroid nodules are an endocrine disease often found in clinical practice, and patients with thyroid nodules found by chance have rapidly increased alongside development of thyroid ultrasound techniques for health examination purposes. This study analyzes the subjects' general characteristics, thyroid ultrasounds, and fine needle aspiration cytology in order to find out the relationship between male and female thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer frequency. An ultrasound examination of the thyroid was performed for 32,973 individuals who visited the K Hospital of Health Examination. Subjects have no history of thyroid disease and are 20 years old or over. Data of general characteristics, diabetes) was collected by a written survey completed by the subject, and the ultrasound of the thyroid(thyroid nodules existence, size, number) and FNAC was used to find out the malignancy rate. Frequency of patients with thyroid nodule was 4,611(26.1%) in men and 5,341(34.9%) in women between 32,973 individuals. Women's prevalence rate is significantly higher than men, and the prevalence rate significantly increased with age in men and women(p < 0.05). The prevalence of multiple nodules was significantly higher in women(43.5%) than in men(35.6%), and significantly increased with age in men and women(p < 0.05). The fine needle aspiration cytology was performed in 692(men 342, women 350) subjects who showed signs of malignancy through ultrasound. Prevalence of malignancy of the nodules was higher in men(33.3%) than in women(29.4%) although it is not statistically significant. It is known that thyroid nodule prevalence in women is much higher than in men. But this study shows the men's prevalence rate was not too low compared with women, and the men showed a rather higher malignancy rate in nodules than women. It is considered that the role of thyroid ultrasound is both important in men and women.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2000

The Low Birth Weight infant birth rate in this country is a little more than 15 percent and is being increased. The survival rate of Low Birth Weight infant is over 90 percent and recently the rate runs is getting. However, because of the high risk of Low Birth Weight infant for handicap in growth, a preventive nursing intervention program for Low Birth Weight infant and their mother is considered to be necessary. Touch and massage, thus sensory stimulation has been considered to be important ensuring a normal growth of Low Birth Weight infant During the past decades sensory stimulation program has been used for premature and Low Birth Weight infants. Recently a study on the sensory stimulation for Low Birth Weight infants has bee n done in this country. Mother and infant relationship has a great influence on child's development. Especially, mother and infant interaction during one year after birth plays important role in child's social. affective and cognitive developments. But in the study of Low Birth Weight infants, the mother and infant interaction has been rare yet. However, there was no study effectiveness of the sensory stimulation on mother and infant interaction. In this respect, this study based on the importance of the nursing intervention, is intended to measure the effectiveness of the massage therapy in the aspects of weight, daily feeding amount, cortisolurine stress hormone and mother and infant interactions. This study has been conducted on the nonequivalent control group pretestposttest design in quasi experimental basis and Low Birth Weight infants from NICU of two Medical University Hospitals located in Taegu Metropolitan were selected in experimental group of 21 infants and control group of 20 infants. Data has been collected from May 1, 1999 to September 5, 2000. For the experimental group Field's sensory stimulation(tactile and kinesthetic stimulation) was applied 2 times a day for 10 days(10:00 - 11:00 hours in the morning and 19:00 - 20:00 in the afternoon) by nurse and mother. The electronic indicator scale (Cas Co. Korea) was used to measure infant's body weight. To determine urine cortisol concentration level under stress, rad immuno assay method was used. And to determine mother and infant interactions during feeding, tools developed by Kim Mi-Ye (1999) were used. Collected data were analyzed with SAS program using x-test, t-test, paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Findings were as follows : 1. For the daily mean weight gain, the experimental group showed little higher than the control group, even though, there was no Statistically significant differences between two groups. 2. For the amount of daily mean feeding, the experimental group showed little higher than the control group, while there was no Statistically significant differences between two groups. 3. The level of wine cortisol concentration was increased in both groups, while no Statistical significance was shown between the two groups. 4. Mothers in experimental group were more likely to have higher mean scores in mother and infant interaction during feeding than mothers in the control group. Statistical significance was shown between the two groups(t= 5.78, P=.001). In conclusion, the massage therapy in this study showed with regard to even though through there was no statistically significance in the weight gain and urine stress hormone concentration. there was Statistical significantly higher in the mother and infant interaction during feeding. Based on the result of this study, it is considered that the massage therapy should be applied clinical practice and home to help a developmental growth and interaction of Low Birth Weight infants and mothers during the period of recovery.