• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.77-79
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• 2006

한국재래오골계는 천연기념물로 등록이 되어 있어 세계의 중요한 유전자원 중 하나이다. 현재 한국에서 사육되어 있는 오골계의 유전적 특성을 규명하기 위하여 미토콘드리아 DNA의 변이를 이용하여 계통 분석을 실시하였다. 총 31 마리의 한국재래오골계가 이 분석에 이용되었으며 10개의 haplotypes이 관찰되었다. NJ 방법으로 만들어진 계통도 분석을 통하여 이미 닭에서 알려진 A부터 C의 lineage를 포함하는 것으로 보아 한국 재래오골계는 아직도 높은 유전적 다형성을 유지하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이 연구 결과는 한국 재래오골계의 육종 및 보존 계획을 세우는데 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.118-121
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• 2015

The water deer, Hydropotes inermis (Cervidae), is native to China and Korea and has two subspecies of the Chinese water deer (Hydropotes inermis inermis) and Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus). To date, only the Korean water deer has been reported in South Korea. In this study, however, an intraspecific phylogeny and haplotype analysis based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I indicated that both Korean and Chinese water deer are found in South Korea. The populations of the two Korean genetic lineages did not show distinct geographic distributions. Further morphological studies on the Korean water deer will be required to confirm its taxonomic status.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.903-909
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• 2004

The variability of mtDNA hypervariable segment I (HVS I) sequences was investigated in a total of 48 birds belonging to 12 Chinese native chicken breeds. Sixteen haplotypes were identified from 35 polymorphic nucleotide sites which accounted for 6.4% of a sequenced 544 bp fragment. Diversity analysis of the haplotypes showed that Tibetan, Langshan and Henan cockfight chicken had only one haplotype, while ancient haplotypes existed in Taihe silky and Chahua chicken. Phylogenetic analysis of the haplotypes suggested that Chinese native chicken breeds shared 5 maternal lineages and some breeds would share the same maternal lineage, regardless of their external features and ecological types. Both divergent and phylogenetic analysis of the haplotypes indicated the close genetic relationships between the Chinese native chicken breeds and G. g. gallus and G. g. spadiceus from different areas, which implied that G. g. gallus and G. g. spadiceus were the original ancestors of the Chinese native chicken breeds.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2011

In this study, we analyzed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region of Korean native chicken to clarify their phylogenetic relationships, possible maternal origin and routes of introduction into Korea. A 1231-1232 bp DNA fragment from the mtDNA D-loop region was sequenced in 315 chickens from 11 populations, Thirty-five variable sites that defined 21 haplotyes were observed. In Korean native chicken, diversity accounted for 90% of the variation, little differentiation among the strains. The 21 haplotypes clustered into 5 clades which were A, B, C, D and E. These results indicate that Korean chickens were derived from China with multiple origins.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.826-831
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• 2024

Objective: The major histocompatibility complex in chicken demonstrates a great range of variations within varities, breeds, populations and that can eventually influence their immuneresponses. The preset study was conducted to understand the major histocompatibility complex-B (MHC-B) variability in five major populations of Bangladesh native chicken: Aseel, Hilly, Junglefowl, Non-descript Deshi, and Naked Neck. Methods: These five major populations of Bangladesh native chicken were analyzed with a subset of 89 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the high-density MHC-B SNP panel and Kompetitive Allele-Specific polymerase chain reaction genotyping was applied. To explore haplotype diversity within these populations, the results were analyzed both manually and computationally using PHASE 2.1 program. The phylogenetic investigations were also performed using MrBayes program. Results: A total of 136 unique haplotypes were identified within these five Bangladesh chicken populations, and only one was shared (between Hilly and Naked Neck). Phylogenetic analysis showed no distinct haplotype clustering among the five populations, although they were shared in distinct clades; notably, the first clade lacked Naked Neck haplotypes. Conclusion: The present study discovered a set of unique MHC-B haplotypes in Bangladesh chickens that could possibly cause varied immune reponses. However, further investigations are required to evaluate their relationships with global chicken populations.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.75-86
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• 2008

In order to understand geographic genetic variation and relationship among populations of the mason bee (Osmia cornifrons Radoszkowsky), which is used as pollinator for apple tree, we sequenced a portion of mitochondrial (mt) COI gene, which corresponds to "DNA Barcode" region (658 bp) from 81 O. cornifrons individuals collected over eight localities in Korea. The sequence data revealed overall moderate to low genetic diversity within species, with a maximum sequence divergence of 0.76%. Geographically, two haplotypes (BAROC01 and BAROC02) were widespread with a frequency of 82.7%, whereas several haplotypes were found in a locality as a single individual, suggesting that haplotype distribution can be summarized as coexistence of a few widespread haplotypes and several regionally restricted haplotypes. Overall, high rate of per generation female migration (Nm=$1.1{\sim}$infinite) and low level of geographic subdivision ($F_{ST}=0{\sim}0.315$) among localities were characteristic. Although two populations (p < 0.026) were genetically subdivided from the remaining localities, no clear polarity was observed. Taken together, the nature of genetic divergence of the mason bee populations is characterized as one that possessing moderate to low genetic diversity, high gene flow, and wide spread haplotypes with ahigh frequency, concordant with the capability of dispersal in connection with the lack of historical biogeographic barriers.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.169-176
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• 2000

As one of researches to clarify the taxonomic status of roe deer from Jeju island (C. pygargus tianschanicus), we analyzed partial sequences of mtDNA cytochrome b gene from six roe deers at Jeju island in Korea. Maximum nucleotide Tamura & Nei's distance among three haplotypes was 0.005, and this distance was comparable to the diversity within other roe deer subspecies: it is suggested that roe deers from the mainland dispersed rarely to Jejudo Island, although further analyses are ne-cessary to decide whether or not it was occurred by human introduction. Furthermore, nucleotide distance between cytochrome b sequences of roe deers from Jeju (C. pygargus tianschanicus) and the sequence of roe deer from west Siberia(C. p. pygargus), obtained from GenBank, was average 0.013, and it is suggested that C. p. tianschanicus diverged from C. p. pygargus of west Siberia 0.65 Myr ago.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 2021

Salurnis marginella Guérin-Méneville, 1829 (Hemiptera: Flatidae) is an invasive species first reported in 2003 in Iksan, which is located in the mid-western region of South Korea, and subsequently found in the nearby regions in 2005. However, molecular-perspective reports on their invasive characteristics are not yet available. In this study, population genetic characteristics of Korean S. marginella were evaluated using the mitochondrial COI region and sequencing 124 individual samples collected in 11 Korean localities. A total of 12 haplotypes were identified with a maximum sequence divergence of 1.368% (9 bp). Haplotype diversity was relatively higher than that of other insect species invaded into Korea, providing 2-6 haplotypes per populations, indicating that introduction to Korea may have happened rather extensively and consistently. Nucleotide diversity (π) was the highest in Iksan but owing to the limited sample size (three individuals) from this locality, additional studies are required for drawing conclusive inference regarding the place of entry to Korea. Ulsan, the easternmost population in the present study, revealed nearly the lowest diversity estimates, such as the lowest H and the second-lowest π; a unique haplogroup with a higher frequency; and an independent genetic cluster, suggesting that the introduction of S. marginella to Ulsan was an independent event. Further collection in Korea and neighboring countries, including the original distributional range is necessary to elucidate the invasive dynamics of S. marginella

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.325-334
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• 2023

The invasive red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, is native to south-central United States and northeastern Mexico. Recently, it has been being spreading in the wild in South Korea. However, its primary sources, introduction routes, establishment, and expansion in South Korea remain unclear. Here, we analyzed genetic diversity and population genetic structures of its domestic natural populations during early invasion, commercial stock from local aquaria (a suspected introduction source), and original United States population using mitochondrial COI gene sequences for 267 individuals and eight microsatellite markers for 158 individuals. Natural and commercial populations of P. clarkii showed reduced genetic diversity (e.g., haplotype diversity and allelic richness). The highest genetic diversity was observed in one original source population based on both genetic markers. Despite a large number of individuals in commercial aquaria, we detected remarkably low genetic diversity and only three haplotypes among 226 individuals, suggesting an inbred population likely originating from a small founder group. Additionally, the low genetic diversity in the natural population indicates a small effective population size during early establishment of P. clarkii in South Korea. Interestingly, genetic differentiation between natural populations and the United States population was lower than that between natural populations and aquarium populations. This suggests that various genetic types from the United States likely have entered different domestic aquariums, leading to distinct natural populations through separate pathways. Results of our study will provide an insight on the level of genetic divergence and population differentiation during the initial stage of invasion of non-indigenous species into new environments.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.94-101
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• 2007

Analysis of population structure of Oncorhynchus keta, the most abundant salmon in the East Sea of Korea, has not been much carried out despite its importance as a fishery resource in the North Pacific. Currently, molecular methods are being applied to stock identification and a method of using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is getting more popular. In this study, we analyzed the 720 bp long sequence of the mtDNA COIII-ND3-ND4L region in order to examine genetic similarity-dissimilarity among the Korea chum salmons of each stream and their relationship with the Japan chum salmons. A total of 152 individuals were analyzed, 108 from 3 locations of Korea and 44 from 2 locations of japan, which resulted in as many as 29 different haplotypes. Pairwise $F_{ST}$ and AMOVA tests of the populations show that there is no significant population-level genetic difference among the chum salmons analyzed ($F_{ST}<0.07$). On the other hand, haplotype relationships among the individuals reveal that approximately 25% of the Korea salmons consist genetic lineages independent of Japan salmons and also that a genetic lineage exists in the Puk river and the Namdae river salmons independent of the Wangpi river salmons of Korea.