• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 두충 추출물이 RBL-2H3 세포의 ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase의 분비 억제와 HaCaT keratinocytes 피부장벽의 회복과 관련한 filaggrin, transglutaminase-1 (TGase-1), cornified cell envelope(CE)의 발현에 미치는 영향에 관하여 연구하였다. ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase 방출 억제 능은 13% 효능을 확인하였고, 피부장벽기능의 회복과 관련된 인자들은 발현과 활성의 정도가 매우 우수한 것을 확인하였다. 각질형성세포의 분화를 판단할 수 있는 CE 측정에서는 두충추출물이 양성대조군보다 더 좋은 효능을 나타내기도 하였다. 따라서 두충 추출물은 ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase 분비 억제에 효과가 있으며, 손상된 피부장벽강화에 영향을 미치는 각질형성세포의 분화 촉진에 효과가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2017

본 연구는 머위 추출물의 화장품소재로서의 가능성을 확인하기 위하여 자체의 독성과 카드뮴으로부터 유도된 세포손상에 미치는 영향에 대하여 평가하였다. 카드뮴으로부터 손상을 유도한 각질형성세포에 머위 추출물을 처리하여 세포사멸 인자인 Bcl-2와 procaspase-3의 단백질 발현을 측정하였다. 그 결과 머위 추출물 $200{\mu}g/mL$를 제외한 모든 농도에서 98% 이상의 높은 생존율을 나타내었으며 세포사멸인자인 Bcl-2와 procaspase-3 단백질 발현이 증가한 것으로 보아 머위 추출물이 카드뮴 독성 시 일어나는 세포자멸사에 대한 보호기전을 나타낸 것으로 평가되었다. 또한 카드뮴으로 12 h 동안 PARP cleavage를 유도한 각질형성세포에 머위 추출물을 전처리한 결과, 카드뮴을 매개로 하는 PARP cleavage를 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 머위 추출물이 피부세포 보호 효능을 나타내는 천연소재로서의 활용가능성을 제안한다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.68-68
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated whether S. baicalensis rhizome ethanol extract (SBRE) has antioxidant capacities against oxidative stress induced cellular damage in the HaCaT keratinocytes. Our results revealed that treatment with SBRE prior to hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) exposure significantly increased the HaCaT cell viability. SBRE also effectively attenuated $H_2O_2$ induced comet tail formation, and inhibited the $H_2O_2$ induced phosphorylation levels of the histone ${\gamma}H2AX$, as well as the number of apoptotic bodies and Annexin V positive cells. In addition, SBRE exhibited scavenging activity against intracellular ROS generation and restored the mitochondria membrane potential loss induced by $H_2O_2$. Moreover, $H_2O_2$ enhanced the cleavage of caspase-3 and degradation of poly (ADP-ribose)-polymerase as well as DNA fragmentation; however, these events were almost totally reversed by pretreatment with SBRE. Furthermore, SBRE increased the levels of HO-1 associated with the induction of Nrf2. Therefore, we believed that SBRE may potentially serve as an agent for the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases caused by oxidative stress.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.91-91
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• 2019

Hibiscus syriacus L. is widely distributed throughout Eastern and Southern Asia and its root bark has been used as a traditional remedy. Recently, the extracts of H. syriacus L. exerts anti-cancerous, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effect of anthocyanin-rich fraction of H. syriacus L. petals (PS) has not been studied under excessive oxidative stress. In this study, we evaluated the cellular protective effect of PS in HaCaT human skin keratinocytes under hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)-induced oxidative stress conditions. PS at below $400{\mu}g/ml$ did not show any cell death; however, over $800{\mu}g/ml$ of PS gradually increased cell death. PS at below $400{\mu}g/ml$ significantly inhibited $H_2O_2$-induced apoptosis in HaCaT cells concomitant with downregulation of Bax and upregulation of pro-PARP and p-Bcl-2. Additionally, PS remarkably reversed $H_2O_2$-induced excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis, and also significantly inhibited mitochondrial ROS production concomitant with suppression of $H_2O_2$-induced mitochondrial depolarization. $H_2O_2$-mediated ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, and caspase-3 activation were markedly abolished in the presence of PS. Moreover, the inhibition of HO-1 function using zinc protoporphyrin, an HO-1 inhibitor, significantly attenuated the cellular protective effects of PS against $H_2O_2$, indicating the significance of HO-1 in PS mediated cytoprotective effect, which was mediated by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2). Taken together, our results suggest that cytoprotective effect of PS in HaCaT keratinocytes against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis is mediated by inhibiting cellular and mitochondrial ROS production, which is downregulated by activating Nrf2/HO-1 axis.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.749-762
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• 2021

Colostrum, which contains various immune and growth factors, aids wound healing by promoting keratinocyte proliferation. Aquaporins (AQPs) are small, hydrophobic membrane proteins that regulate cellular water retention. However, few studies have examined the effect of processed colostrum whey on AQP-3 expression in human skin cells. Here, we investigated the effect of milk, colostrum, fermented milk, and fermented colostrum whey on AQP-3 expression in keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Concentrations of 100-400 ㎍/mL of fermented colostrum whey were found to induce HaCaT cell proliferation. AQP-3 was found to be expressed exclusively in HaCaT cells. AQP-3 expression was significantly increased in 100 ㎍/mL fermented colostrum whey-treated cells compared with that in controls. Moreover, fermented colostrum increased p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation, but not ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Thus, our results suggest that fermented colostrum whey increased AQP-3 expression in, and the proliferation of, keratinocytes via JNK and p38 MAPK activation.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.443-449
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to observe cell death in human keratinocytes stimulated against the infectious cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ, and to observe the expression of Phospho-NF-κB due to phosphorylation of IkB to confirm the mechanism of inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines. As a result of cell viability analysis, differences in PEMF stimulation time were observed little by little after 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours, but there was no statistical significance according to PEMF stimulation time for each time (p>0.05). No significant difference was observed in the total amount of NF-κB present in the cytoplasm and nucleus, but a significant decrease in the expression of phosphorylated NF-κB was observed in the group exposed to PEMF stimulation for 24 hours (^*p<0.05). The expression of IL-1β was observed in all inflammation-induced groups, and the concentration of IL-1β compared to α-Tubulin expression was reduced by about 54% in the PEMF-stimulated group for 24 hours compared to the control group (^***p<0.001). As a result of the study, it is shown that PEMF stimulation does not negatively affect HaCaT cells from 0 to 48 hours and can inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the pathway of NF-κB.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 돌나물추출물이 각질형성세포에서 hyaluronan synthase (HAS) mRNA 발현과 hyaluronan (HA) 생성에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 또한 돌나물추출물이 가지는 인체 피부에서의 보습력 증진 효과를 평가하였다. 돌나물추출물 처리에 따른 각질형성세포에서의 HAS-1, -2, -3 mRNA 발현 변화는 semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)을 통해 살펴보았고, HA의 생성량 변화는 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)를 수행하여 확인하였다. 인체 피부에서의 수분함량 및 피부 수분 손실량에 미치는 영향은 Corneometer와 Tewameter를 이용하여 측정하였다. 그 결과, 돌나물추출물은 사람 각질형성세포의 HAS-2, -3 mRNA의 발현을 증가시켰고, HA의 생성량을 농도의존적으로 증가시킴을 확인하였다. 사람 피부에서는 수분 함량을 유지하는 효과가 우수하였으며, 표피 수분 손실량 또한 감소시켜 피부 보습제로서 매우 우수한 효과를 보였다 이상의 결과를 통해 돌나물은 피부에서 HA 생산을 촉진시키며, 피부 보습력을 증진시키는 화장품 소재로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2019

Objectives : Atopic dermatitis is an irritable skin disease accompanying rash and itching leading to impaired skin barrier. ATO-ALL is an ethanol extract of natural products comprising 12 herbs and effective on atopic dermatitis. In this study, we aimed to propose that the effect of ATO-ALL on skin regeneration in human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT cells. Methods : To evaluate the skin regenerating effects of ATO-ALL, scratch wound healing assay, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assay, and propidum iodide (PI) assay were performed using cultured HaCaT cell line. Result : Scratch wound healing assay showed that ATO-ALL was able to enhance the gap filling activity more than 2-fold at 7 ppm concentration compared with control group. BrdU assay demonstrated that ATO-ALL treatment increased the de novo cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, PI assay indicated that the cell cycle of HaCaT cells was modulated by ATO-ALL treatment. Conclusions : These results suggested that ATO-ALL may have skin regenerating effects by increasing cell proliferation via cell cycle regulation. Taken together, ATO-ALL is supposed to have a potential on regeneration of damaged skin or functional disease including atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.536-542
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• 2022

Background: In aged skin, reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to visible aging signs. Collagens in the ECM are cleaved by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Syringaresinol (SYR), isolated from Panax ginseng berry, has various physiological activities, including anti-inflammatory action. However, the anti-aging effects of SYR via antioxidant and autophagy regulation have not been elucidated. Methods: The preventive effect of SYR on skin aging was investigated in human HaCaT keratinocytes in the presence of H₂O₂, and the keratinocyte cells were treated with SYR (0-200 ㎍/mL). mRNA and protein levels of MMP-2 and -9 were determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Radical scavenging activity was researched by 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays. LC3B level was assessed by Western blotting and confocal microscopy. Results: SYR significantly reduced gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 and -2 in both H₂O₂-treated and untreated HaCaT cells. SYR did not show cytotoxicity to HaCaT cells. SYR exhibited DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities with an EC₅₀ value of 10.77 and 10.35 ㎍/mL, respectively. SYR elevated total levels of endogenous and exogenous LC3B in H₂O₂-stimulated HaCaT cells. 3-Methyladenine (3-MA), an autophagy inhibitor, counteracted the inhibitory effect of SYR on MMP-2 expression. Conclusion: SYR showed antioxidant activity and up-regulated autophagy activity in H₂O₂-stimulated HaCaT cells, lowering the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 associated with skin aging. Our results suggest that SYR has potential value as a cosmetic additive for prevention of skin aging.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2022

Objectives : Terminalia chebula (TC) has been used as a traditional remedy to treat gastrointestinal infectious and inflammatory diseases. However, its protective effects and mechanisms against skin inflammation have not been well-elucidated. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effects of the TC water extract and also to suggest a putative mechanism of TC against skin injury on human keratinocytes, HaCaT cells. Methods : HaCaT cells were pre-treated with TC for 1 h and then stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) (10 ng/mL each) to induce skin inflammation and injury. After 24 h, the cells were harvested to evaluate the expression of Th2 chemokines, such as C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5, also known as RANTES), C-C chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17, also known as TARC) and C-C chemokine ligand 22 (CCL22, also known as MDC). To investigate the regulatory mechanisms of TC, we also assessed the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) signaling pathways in HaCaT cells. Results : Treatment of TC decreased the mRNA levels of RANTES, TARC and MDC with a concentration dependent manner against co-stimulation of TNF-α and IFN-γ. In addition, TC significantly reduced TNF-α and IFN-γ induced phosphorylation of STAT1. Conclusions : In summary, we propose that TC may be a promising candidate for anti-inflammatory skin protector through the inhibition of chemokines via STAT1 deactivation.