• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.159-174
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to provide information searching for health promotion, nutrition improvement, and health care of the impaired elderly by ADL(Activity of Daily Living) and IADL(Instrumental Activity of Daily Living). The subjects were divided into the Assistant Needed Group and No Assistant Needed Group for living in line with the responses of ADL(10 items like dressing, washing, move etc.) and IADL(10 items like housekeeping, using transportation, shopping, Phone call etc.). Survey was made for health behavior, health risk habit, dietary management status and diet intake by 24 hr-recall and questionnaire method. 242 subjects were collected in 12 cities or Gun districts in Gyeonggi Province, S. Korea. Survey was carried out by regional home extension workers using interview method. Statistical analyses were made using SAS (Version 8.1). Chi-Square Tests and General Linear Models. The subjects of impaired ADL elderly was 26.5% and it composed 30% of the total male and 22.2% of the total female. The demographic status of the impaired ADL elderly showed no difference from that of the normal elders, elementary school educated (73.4%), with spouse (43.8%) or with adult children(37.5%), using monthly living cost of 500-1,000 thousand won(35.9%). Mean age was 74.05 years compared to 72.25 years of normal elders. However, there was no significant difference from the normal and impaired ADL group, regular exercise(60.0%), with walking (90.0%), no-smoke(54.7%) and no-drink(48.4%). Kind of disease was not different from the one in impaired and normal group, with cardiovascular disease(32.3%), with diabetes mellitus(8.1%), joint lumbago neuralgia(32.3%) and osteoporosis(9.7%). Gastrointestinal complaints of the impaired ADL group were nausea(57.8%), chronic indigestion (23.4%), constipation (14,0%) and vomiting(3.7%). Sleeping time required for the impaired was longer than that for the normal group by 10hours(4.7%) or 8-10hours(20.3%), which consisted 1.7% and 16.6% respectively. Nutrient intake of the impaired ADL group was low compared to normal range elders: Energy(1260kca1), Protein(52.75g). There was gender difference in nutrient intake; the male impaired group showed no significant difference from the normal group but it was significantly lower in female impaired group. These results suggest that low quality of life and low economic status of the impaired ADL elderly require congregate meal in village hall to cover the lack of side dishe variety. And nutrition education program including community assistance would be required for the impaired ADL elderly together with the sufficient food and exercise practice. By operating nutrition education program, the impaired ADL elderly would maintain more enhanced quality of life and ameliorate the ADL capability.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.423-429
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• 2005

A selective and sensitive reversed-phase HPLC method for the determination of fenoprofen in human serum was developed, validated, and applied to the pharmacokinetic study of fenoprofen calcium. Fenoprofen and internal standard, ketoprofen, were extracted from human serum by liquid-liquid extraction with diethyl ether and analyzed on a Luna C18(2) column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-3 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate (32:68, v/v, adjusted to pH 6.6 with phosphoric acid). Detection wavelength of 272 nm and flow rate of 0.25 mL/min were fixed for the study. The assay robustness for the changes of mobile phase pH, organic solvent content, and flow rate was confirmed by $3^{3}$ factorial design using a fixed fenoprofen concentration $(2\;{\mu}g/mL)$ with respect to its peak area and retention time. And also, the ruggedness of this method was investigated at three different laboratories using same quality control (QC) samples. This method showed linear response over the concentration range of $0.05-100\;{\mu}g/mL$ with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. The lower limit of quantification using 1 mL of serum was $0.05\;{\mu}g/mL$, which was sensitive enough for pharmacokinetic studies. The overall accuracy of the quality control samples ranged from 92.27 to 109.20% for fenoprofen with overall precision (% C.V.) being 5.51-11.71 %. The relative mean recovery of fenoprofen for human serum was 81.7%. Stability (freeze-thaw, short and long-term) studies showed that fenoprofen was not stable during storage. But, extracted serum sample and stock solution were allowed to stand at ambient temperature for 12 hr prior to injection without affecting the quantification. The peak area and retention time of fenoprofen were not significantly affected by the changes of mobile phase pH, organic solvent content, and flow rate under the conditions studied. This method showed good ruggedness (within 15% C.V.) and was successfully used for the analysis of fenoprofen in human serum samples for the pharmacokinetic studies of orally administered Fenopron tablet (600 mg as fenoprofen) at three different laboratories, demonstrating the suitability of the method.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.499-505
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• 1984

수산물을 이용한 레토르트파우치 식품제조의 기초자료를 얻기 위해 우리 나라에서 많이 생산되는 바지락을 원료로 레토르트파우치 조미바지락의 가공조건을 검토하고 저장중 품질안정성에 대하여 실험하였다. 가공조건은 원료 바지락을 $3\%$ 식염수에서 11시간 토사를 배출시켜 증자 탈각한 후 설탕 $3\%$, sorbitol $12\%$, 식염 $2.5\%$, 글루탐산나트륨 $0.5\%$의 혼합조미료를 살포혼합하여 $5^{\circ}C$에서 12시간 조미한 다음 30분간 예비건조 ($35{\sim}40^{\circ}C$)하고 훈액처리($10\%$ Smoke EZ 훈액, 30초)하여 가볍게 건조한 다음($35{\sim}40^{\circ}C$, 2.5hr) 레토르트파우치필름(polyester/nylon/unoriented polypropylene : $12{\mu}m/15{\mu}m/50{\mu}m,\;15{\times}17cm$) 주머니에 충전하고, 진공포장하여 열수순환식레토르트르써 $120^{\circ}C$ 12분간 가열살균한 다음 냉각하는 것이 좋았다. Smoke EZ 훈액처리는 제품의 색조와 풍미를 향상시키는 효과가 있었으며 산패방지효과도 있었다. 그리고 제품은 실온에서 120일간 품질이 안정하게 유지되었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.258-274
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• 2010

문화예술의 하드웨어 구축과 함께 정책적인 차원에서 이를 운영하거나 관리할 수 있는 전문 인력의 양성과 확보에 대한 중요성이 정책적인 과제로 부각되었고, 국민의 문화욕구가 증가하면서 공연예술도 대형화와 전문화로 인해, 대형 뮤지컬의 제작 편수가 많아지고 외국과의 공연교류가 활발해지면서 무대기술 인력의 수요도 증가하였다. 이처럼 공연장이 증가하면서 전문적으로 안전하고 질 높은 공연을 위한 무대 기술 분야의 전문 인력이 요구되었다. 무대예술전문인 자격제도는 무대기술 분야의 직업적 전문성과 안정성을 높여 공연장과 공연 예술의 질적인 발전을 목적으로 하고 있다. 2000년부터 시행되고 있는 이 자격제도는 점차 자리를 잡아가고 있으며, 이 제도가 처음 도입될 당시 무대기술 분야 종사자들은 예술적 전문성을 인정받고 무대예술전문인으로서 자긍심을 높일 수 있을 것이라는 확신을 갖고 많은 관심을 표명하였다. 그러나 정부의 문화예술 전문 인력 양성 확보를 위한 정책적인 방안과 무대기술 분야 인력정책에 대한 관심은 상대적으로 매우 미약하다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 우리나라의 공연예술 전문 인력 양성을 위한 첫 자격제도로서, 자격제도의 도입 취지와 걸맞은 운영과 역할을 하고 있는지 현황 파악을 통해 문제점을 분석하여 개선방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권11호
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• pp.1479-1484
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• 2008

증자한 탈지대두 grits에 B. subtilis NUCI을 2% 접종하여 $40^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 발효하여 DSG 발효물을 제조하였다. 제조한 DSG 발효물 및 DSG의 단백질 함량은 $57.2{\sim}61.0%$로 청국장보다 높았으며, 지질은 함유하지 않았다. 그리고 DSG에서는 protease 및 $\alpha$-amylase의 활성이 없었으며, 점질물도 검출되지 않았으나, DSG 발효물은 청국장보다 더 큰 protease 활성, $\alpha$-amylase 활성, tyrosine 함량, 점질물 함량을 보였다. 또한 DSG 발효물은 DSG보다 유리아미노산 함량이 증가하는 경향이었고, phenylalanine, tyrosine, glutamic acid 등이 주된 유리아미노산으로 확인되었다. 그리고 isoflavone 함량도 DSG 발효물이 DSG보다 1.6배 더 증가되었다. 관능검사에서는 냄새 및 맛에 대한 기호도의 경우 DSG 발효물이 청국장보다 높은 값을 보여 DSG 발효물의 기호도가 더 좋은 것으로 나타났으나, 종합적인 기호도는 청국장이 DSG 발효물보다 조금 높게 나타났지만 큰 차이는 보이지 않았다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2010

Ge은 Si에 비하여 높은 이동도를 갖기 때문에 차세대 고속 metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) 소자를 위한 channel 물질로서 각광받고 있다. 그러나 화학적으로 안정한 게이트 산화막의 부재는 MOS 소자에 Ge channel의 사용에 주요한 장애가 되어왔다. 특히, Ge 기판 위에 고품질의 계면 특성을 갖는 게이트 절연막의 제조는 필수 요구사항이다. 본 연구에서, $HfO_xN_y$ 박막은 Ge 기판 위에 플라즈마 원자층 증착법(plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition, PEALD)을 이용하여 증착되었다. 플라즈마 원자층 증착공정 동안에 질소는 질소, 산소 혼합 플라즈마를 이용한 in situ 질화법에 의하여 첨가되었다. 산소 플라즈마에 대한 질소 플라즈마의 첨가로 성분비를 조절함으로써 전기적 특성과 계면 성질을 향상시키는데 초점을 맞추어서 연구를 진행하였다. 질소 산소의 비가 1：1이었을 때, EOT의 값의 10% 감소를 갖는 고품질의 소자특성을 보여주었다. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS)와 high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM)를 사용하여 박막의 화학적 결합 구조와 미세구조를 분석하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.1579-1585
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 순물의 막분리에 의하여 제조된 농축분말을 사용하여 요구르트를 제조하고 pH, 적정산도, 점도, 생균수, 향기성분, 관능성 등을 분석함으로써 기능성 식품소재로의 이용 가능성을 검토하였다. UF 분말 첨가 요구르트의 발효 24시간 후 pH와 적정산도는 모든 시료간에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 점도는 대조군보다 UF 분말 첨가군이 낮았고 색도를 측정한 결과 UF분말 첨가 요구르트의 L값과 a값은 대조군과 첨가군간에 유의적인 차이가 없었고 b값은 UF분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 높아져서 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 생균수는 18시간까지 급격한 증가를 보이다가 그 이후 완만히 증가하여 발효 24시간에는 12.6$\∼$14.3$\times$$10^{8}$ CFU/mL를 나타내었고 대조군보다 UF 분말 첨가군에서 생균수가 높게 측정되었다. 요구르트의 휘발성 향기 성분은 UF분말 첨가군에서 대조군보다 다양한 향미 성분이 검출되었다. 관능검 사결과 냄새와 조직감은 시료간에 차이가 없었고 신맛은 UF분말 첨가군이 대조군보다 높게 평가되었으며 전체적인 바람직성에서는 시료간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 UF분말을 이용하여 첨가수준을 조절하고 제조방법을 다양화한다면 영양학적으로 우수한 기능성 요구르트로서 그 이용가치가 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2006

A rapid, selective and sensitive reversed-phase HPLC method for the determination of promethazine in human serum was developed, validated, and applied to the pharmacokinetic study of promethazine. Promethazine and internal standard, chlorpromazine, were extracted from human serum by liquid-liquid extraction with n-hexane containing 0.8% isopropanol and analyzed on a Capcell Pak CN column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.2 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate (42:58, v/v, adjusted to pH 6.0 with 1 M NaOH). Detection wavelength of 251 nm and flow rate of 0.9 mL/min were fixed for the study. The assay robustness for the changes of mobile phase pH, organic solvent content, and flow rate was confirmed by $3^{3}$ factorial design using a fixed promethazine concentration (10 ng/mL) with respect to its peak area and retention time. In addition, the ruggedness of this method was investigated at three different laboratories using same quality control (QC) samples. This method showed linear response over the concentration range of 1-40 ng/mL with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. The lower limit of quantification using 1 mL of serum was 1 ng/mL, which was sensitive enough for pharmacokinetic studies. The overall accuracy of the quality control samples ranged from 96.15 to 105.40% for promethazine with overall precision (% C.V.) being 6.70-11.22%. The relative mean recovery of promethazine for human serum was 63.54%. Stability (freeze-thaw and short-term) studies showed that promethazine was stable during storage, or during the assay procedure in human serum. However, the storage at $-80^{\circ}C$ for 4 weeks showed that promethazine was not stable. Extracted serum sample and stock solution were not allowed to stand at ambient temperature for 12 hr prior to injection. The peak area and retention time of promethazine were not significantly affected by the changes of mobile phase pH, organic solvent content, and flow rate under the conditions studied. This method showed good ruggedness (within 15% C.V.) and was successfully used for the analysis of promethazine in human serum samples for the pharmacokinetic studies of orally administered Himazin tablet (25 mg as promethazine hydrochloride) at three different laboratories, demonstrating the suitability of the method.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.141-154
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to provide the information of the aged olds for which basic data are almost no available. The subjects were divided on the base of age 75. The elderly under 75 were named 'the young olds' and over 75 were 'the aged olds'. The aim of this research is to promote health and to improve nutrition, and the survey was made for health promotion behaviors, habits against health risk, dietary management status and diet intake. And it was conducted by 24 hr-recall method and analyzed by nutrients intake. 242 subjects were collected in 12 cities or counties in Gyeonggi Province and 20 elderly people (10 male and 10 female) were selected out of 1 village in each district. Questionnaire about health behavior and dietary management was carried out by interview method through regional home extension workers. Statistical analyses were made by SAS (version 8.1) and Chi-square tests and General Linear Models were used. Out of the subjects the aged olds over 75 was 31.9%, elementary school educated (93.5%), with spouse (40.3%), with adult children(28.6%), monthly living cost of 500-1,000 thousand won(40.3%). Mean age was 78.82 years compared with 69.75 years of the young olds. 46.8% of the aged olds used monthly pocket money over 1000 won and it was lower than 63.3% of the young olds. Only half of the aged olds had regular exercise of walking (77.8%) or with athletic equipment (17.8%). However, the young olds did more frequent walking (82.1 %) and less exercise with athletic equipment (4.8 %), which was significantly different. Kinds of disease were different with the young or the aged olds, as more proportion of cardiovascular disease(37.9%) for the young olds and joint lumbago neuralgia(41.6%) for the aged olds. Dietary management was good (3 meals per day: 93.4%, fixed mealtime: 72.4%, and regular amount: 79.9%). But there was significant difference in side dish varieties and kinds of snacks; for the aged olds only 8% had over 5 sorts (compared with 18.8% of the young olds) and the kinds of snacks were cookie, candy, juice, carbonated beverage for the aged olds (compared with noodle, milk, soybean-milk for young olds). The ratio of nutrients intake (energy, riboflavin and niacin) with RDA was significantly higher for the aged olds than that of the young olds. The surveyed subjects had no difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADL), but some of the aged olds had difficulties in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) like housekeeping, using transportation, going shopping and making phone calls. These results suggest that low quality of life is linked with low economic status of the rural elderly and congregate meal at village hall would be required because of the lack of side dishes variety for the aged olds. And nutrition education program about good snacks and exercise practice would be needed for the aged olds. By operating nutrition education program the aged olds would enjoy better quality life maintaining or ameliorating IADL abilities.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.851-858
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 도라지의 증숙과 유산균 발효 과정을 통해 탈피하지 않은 도라지 본연의 쓴맛을 개선하는 공정을 확립하고 제조한 발효 도라지의 품질특성 변화를 조사하였다. 그 결과 도라지는 발효 여부에 상관없이 증숙 횟수가 1회에 비해 3회 실시한 경우 수분 함량(11.9~13.2%와 7.3~7.7%)과 pH값(4.6~4.7와 4.3~4.4)의 범위가 더 낮아졌고, 또한 증숙 횟수가 3회 이상 반복될수록 갈변 현상이 더 나타나 도라지의 명도(L)와 황색도(b)의 색변화에 영향을 나타내었다. 반면 생도라지에 비해 1회 증숙한 도라지의 경도가 낮아졌다가 3회 증숙과 건조를 반복한 후 조금 단단해짐을 알 수 있었다. 도라지 중 총폴리페놀 함량은 1회 증숙한 비발효도라지 시료의 100 g 당 33 mg에서 3회 증숙하여 Lactobacillus plantarum로 발효시킨 후 46 mg으로 유의적인 차이(p<0.05)로 높아져 가열 및 발효 등의 가공공정을 통해 유용 성분의 증가 효과를 확인하였다. 그리고 도라지의 조사포닌 함량 역시 1회 증숙과정을 거친 것(23.4 g)에 비해 3회 실시한 발효도라지에서 47.1 g으로 높은 값을 나타내, 증숙과 발효 과정을 거쳐 그 함량이 조금 높아짐을 알 수 있었다. 마지막으로 3회 증숙한 도라지의 경우 발효여부에 따른 관능검사 차이를 조사한 결과 증숙도라지에 비해 발효 후에 단맛, 쓴맛 및 조직감 등이 개선되어 종합적인 기호도가 높았다. 결론적으로 도라지는 증숙횟수가 많고 유산균과 함께 발효하면 도라지 본연의 쓴맛을 개선시킬 수 있고 유용 성분의 함량도 높아짐을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구 결과를 토대로 기존의 도라지 가공품과 차별화된 제품의 개발에 있어 품질 향상 및 도라지를 이용한 다양한 기능성 발효식품 개발에 활용될 수 있으리라 전망한다. 또한 유용균주를 이용하여 발효시킨 도라지의 다양한 생리활성 탐색 연구가 계속적으로 이루어져야 한다고 사료된다.