• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.816-826
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• 2015

The present experiment evaluated the influence of moisture level and anaerobic fermentation on aerobic stability of total mixed ration (TMR). The dynamic changes in chemical composition and microbial population that occur after air exposure were examined, and the species of yeast associated with the deterioration process were also identified in both non-fermented and fermented TMR to deepen the understanding of aerobic deterioration. The moisture levels of TMR in this experiment were adjusted to 400 g/kg (low moisture level, LML), 450 g/kg (medium moisture level, MML), and 500 g/kg (high moisture level, HML), and both non-fermented and 56-d-fermented TMR were subjected to air exposure to determine aerobic stability. Aerobic deterioration resulted in high losses of nutritional components and largely reduced dry matter digestibility. Non-fermented TMR deteriorated during 48 h of air exposure and the HML treatment was more aerobically unstable. On dry matter (DM) basis, yeast populations significantly increased from $10^7$ to $10^{10}cfu/g$ during air exposure, and Candida ethanolica was the predominant species during deterioration in non-fermented TMR. Fermented TMR exhibited considerable resistance to aerobic deterioration. Spoilage was only observed in the HML treatment and its yeast population increased dramatically to $10^9cfu/g$ DM when air exposure progressed to 30 d. Zygosaccharomyces bailii was the sole yeast species isolated when spoilage occurred. These results confirmed that non-fermented and fermented TMR with a HML are more prone to spoilage, and fermented TMR has considerable resistance to aerobic deterioration. Yeasts can trigger aerobic deterioration in both non-fermented and fermented TMR. C. ethanolica may be involved in the spoilage of non-fermented TMR and the vigorous growth of Z. bailii can initiate aerobic deterioration in fermented TMR.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 1998

This study investigated the effects of grouping (group composition) in cooperative learning strategy upon students' achievement, the attitude toward science instruction, the perception of learning environment, and the self-esteem. Three different groups were used in this study. For the two treatment groups with cooperative learning strategies, High-Medium-Low ability grouping (HML) and High-Low I Medium-Medium ability grouping (HL/MM) were used. For the control group, traditional instruction was used. Before the instructions, the short-version Group Assessment of Logical Thinking, the test of attitudes toward science instruction, the perception questionnaire of learning environment, and the questionnaire of self-esteem were administered, and their scores were used as covariates. Mid-term examination score was used as a blocking variable. After the instructions, a researcher-made achievement test consisting of three subtests (knowledge, understanding, and application), the test of attitude toward science instruction, the perception questionnaire of learning environment, and the questionnaire of self-esteem were administered. The ANCOVA results revealed that there were significant interactions between the instruction and the level of prior achievement although there were no significant differences in all subtest scores of the achievement test. The high-level students in the HL/MM cooperative group performed better than those in the control group and the HML cooperative group. The low-level students in the HL/MM cooperative group also performed better in the subtest of knowledge than those in the other groups. However, the medium-level students in the HML cooperative group scored better than those in the control group and the HL/MM cooperative group. Significant main effect was also found in the perception of learning environment but not in the attitude toward science instruction and self-esteem. The cooperative groups, regardless of grouping, exhibited more positive perception than the control group.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.04b
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• pp.139-141
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• 2001

기존의 제안서 접수 및 평가 방식은 수작업이 대부분을 차지하여 많은 인력과 시간이 소요되며 정확성도 완전히 보장할 수 없는 단점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 비효율적인 방식을 개선하기 위해서 접수 및 평가과정을 웹상에서 자동화하여, 문서 작성자, 접수자, 평가자 및 관리자들이 좀 더 편리하게 관련 작업을 처리할 수 있게 하였다. 자동화를 도입하기 위한 방법으로 HWP 문서의 구조 정보를 표현할 수 있는 마크업(markup) 언어인 HWPML(HWP Markup Language : 이하 HML)을 사용하였으며, HML 문서를 파싱(parsing)하여 필요한 정보만을 추출하여 XML(eXtensible Markup Language) 문서를 생성하였다. 이렇게 생성된 XML 문서는 논리적인 구조 정보를 가지고 있고 플랫폼 및 소프트웨어 중립적이기 때문에 효과적인 검색, 관리 및 공유가 가능한 시스템 환경을 제공한다. 이 기법으로 표준 언어로 부각되고 있는 XML 형태의 문서 관리를 기존의 워드 프로세서 형태의 문서 관리에 확장 적용할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 자동화 시스템의 구조와 문서 변환 기법을 제안하였다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.221-229
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• 2019

Objectives : This study investigated the hepatoprotective effect of herbal mixture including Lycii fructus (HML) in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Methods : To confirm the liver protective effect, induced by TAA for 3 days injection at 100 mg/kg mice, HML were treated for 8 weeks at 300 mg/kg/day, 1000 mg/kg/day. Positive control was treated silymarin 50 mg/kg/day after TAA injection. The changes of mortality rate, clinical signs, organ weight, relative liver, blood chemistry and histopathological findings were analyzed after experiment. Results : Body weight gain was observed in all groups, but TAA treated group at 4th week and all treated groups decreased weight compared to the untreated group. As a result of organ weight measurement, organ weight gain due to hepatic injury was observed statistically significantly in TAA-treated group and TAA+Silymarin treated group, and the herbal mixture-treated group showed a tendency to decrease compared to the TAA treated group. Blood biochemistry showed that total cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased statistically in TAA+low-dose and high dose herbal mixture treated group compared to the TAA-treated group. Histopathological examination showed that liver abnormalities were not observed in untreated group, liver fibrosis was observed in liver injury with TAA treated and herbal mixture treated group. And, TAA+high dose herbal mixture group showed relaxation tendency on liver calcification compared to the TAA treated group. Conclusions : According to the above results, HML provided hepatoprotective effects on the hepatic injury by reduction of inflammatory responses.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.7B
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• pp.668-676
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• 2009

Hierarchical Mobile 1Pv6(HM1Pv6) have been proposed by IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force) beginning from Mobile 1Pv6 for mobility support in IP networks, however these researches relying on client based mobility support have not been drawn attention due to excessive consumption of wireless resources and long handover delay. In this paper, we propose the Router-based Binding Update(RBU) scheme to solve problems in existing client-based mobility support schemes. The router registers location information of mobile nodes through Neighbor Discovery protocol without additional codes for the RBU scheme to a terminal operated by existing HMlPv6. By using this the RBU scheme is designed so that it can support partial nupport based mobility and reduce handover latency rather than using HMIPv6. It is analysed and compared with existing HMIPv6 to verify efficiency of the RBU scheme. As a result, the RBU scheme has outperformed existing HMIPv6 by 15% in terms of macro handover delay especially when long delay on wireless links exists.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.602-607
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• 2010

The quality characteristics and shelf life of wet noodles containing a freeze-dried powder of Heracleum moellendorffii(HM) were studied to investigate the use of HM as a food ingredient. The weight, volume, and water absorption of wet noodle sprepared with HM(HML) decreased as the concentration of HM increased. The turbidity of HML sauce and the loss in the solid content of noodles after cooking were lower than those of control noodles. Whiteness(L) and redness(a) values of wet noodles decreased but yellowness(b) increased after addition of HM. The sensory qualities of HML, including appearance, taste, color, flavor, texture, and overall acceptability, were better than those of control noodles. Addition of HM to 0.6%(w/w) afforded the best sensory qualities with respect to taste, texture, and overall acceptability. The total polyphenol content of HML increased as HM concentration increased. Noodle DPPH free-radical-scavenging activities were 22%(control), 28.41%(0.3%HM addition), 40.22%(0.6%HM addition) and 49.42%(0.9%HM addition). Viable bacterial cell counts did not differ significantly between control noodles and those prepared using 0.6%(w/w)HM during storage for 6day sat $10^{\circ}C$. However, viable cell numbers in noodles prepared using 0.9%(w/w) HM were significantly lower than those of control samples and of noodles prepared using either 0.3%(w/w) or 0.6%(w/w) HM, during storage for 12 days at $10^{\circ}C$. Changes in pH values showed trends similar to those of viable cell numbers during storage.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.69-71
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• 2006

본고에서는 T-DMB에서 사용하는 데이터 서비스에 필요한 프로토콜 중, 세션계층의 프로토콜을 분석하여 UML로 모델링하였다. 세션계층에 속한 프로토콜로는 MOT 프로토콜과 데이터 그룹 프로토콜이 있다. 이 프로토콜들은 데이터 서비스를 위한 프로토콜로 방송웹사이트나 슬라이드 쇼 등을 전송하는데 이용된다. MOT 프로토콜은 부가 정보를 포함하는 객체 정보를 부호화 하는 과정이고, 데이터 그룹 프로토콜은 MOT 부호화된 객체를 분할하는 과정이다. 이러한 분석은 MOT 데이터 서비스를 위한 송수신기 설계 및 구현에 활용될 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.758-765
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose an efficient seamless handoff scheme to minimize packet loss and unnecessary packets on the Internet using the peculiar mobility characteristics of public vehicles such as trains. MR (Mobile Router) in a train visits each AR (Access Router) in the fixed order. As the MR detects reachability to the NAR (Next Access Router) on the new link, the PAR (Previous Access Router) can directly deliver packets from MR's HA (Home Agent) to the NAR according to the HML (Handoff Mobile router List). Then. the NAR buffers them until the MR finishes L3 (Layer 3) handoff procedure with the NAR. Therefore, our scheme can support a seamless handoff without the packet loss and unnecessary packets on the Internet. The result of our performance evaluation has shown that the proposed scheme could provide excellent performance, compared with the NEMO basic support protocol and the Bi-casting protocol.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.39-52
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• 2005

This paper is to study about paisley shawl and paisley motif to focus on Kashmir shawl. Kashmir shawl and paisley shawl of Europe can be identified by the use of 'pine cone' motif. Early 19th Europe textile manufactures began imitating the Kashmir shawl, the motif began to be called 'paisley', after Paisley, Scotland, one of the largest producers of imitation Karshmir shawls. This study is to analyze on origin of shawl and paisley motif at the theoretical background. And main issues are to study on organization of the Kashmir shawl indusry, weaving technic and producing process, development of motif, change of size and border design of shawl, difference of Woven Kashmir shawl, Patchwork shawl and hml shawl, causes of decline to shawl industry, differences of between Kashmir and European shawl etc. The result of this study can help to understand correct and accurate information, knowledge of paisley motif and paisley shawl.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.510-512
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• 1999

개발환경이 고정된 장소에서 분산된 장소로 점차 변함에 따라서 프로젝트나 프로그래밍에 관련된 주변인들 사이에 발생할 수 있는 정보 공유와 교환이 어려워지고 있다. 인터넷과 인트라넷의 급격한 증가로 인해 개발자들은 분산된 환경에서 작업을 수행하는 일이 많아지면서 기존의 HTML을 이용한 문서의 공유나 교환은 HTML의 제한점들로 인해 많은 부담이 된다. 본 논문에서는 분산환경에서 정보공유와 교환을 위해 HTML의 제한점들을 보안하여 확장성이 뛰어나고, 사용자 정의 태그를 지원하며, 문서의 논리적인 정보를 제공할 수 있는 XML을 이용하여 급격한 사용자 증가를 얻고 있는 Java 프로그램을 대상을 하는 정보 공유와 교환에 필요한 정보들을 각 모듈별로 제안하고, 제안된 정보에 대한 HML DTD를 설계한다.