• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.771-780
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• 2018

To develope a microbial weed control agent, HCN-producing bacteria were isolated, and their characteristics were investigated. A selected strain of WA15 was identified as Pseudomonas koreensis by morphological, cultural, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene analyses. The conditions for HCN production was investigated by a One-Variable-at-a-Time (OVT) method. The optimal HCN production conditions were tryptone 1%, glycine 0.06%, NaCl 1%, and an initial pH and temperature of 5.0 and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. The major component for HCN production was glycine. Under optimal conditions, HCN production was about 3 times higher than that of the basal medium. The WA15 strain had physiological activities, such as indoleacetic acid that was associated with the elongation of plant roots and siderophore and ammonification inhibiting fungal growth, and produced hydrolytic enzymes, such as cellulase, pectinase and lipase. The strain was able to inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi, such as Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum, by the synergistic action of volatile HCN and diffusible antimicrobial compounds. A microscopic observation of R. solani that was teated with the WA15 strain showed morphological abnormalities of fungal mycelia, which could explain the role of the antimicrobial metabolites that were produced by the WA15 strain. The volatile HCN produced by the WA15 strain was also found to have insecticidal activity against termites. Our results indicate that Pseudomonas koreensis WA15 can be applied as a microbial agent for weed control and also as a termite repellent. Furthermore, it could be applied as a microbial termiticidal agent to replace synthetic insecticides.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.9A no.2
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• pp.191-196
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• 2002

It is one of the important measures in the area of algorithm design that any interconnection network should be embedded into another interconnection network for the practical use of algorithm. A HCN(n, n), HFN(n, n) graph also has such a good properties of a hypercube and has a lower network cost than a hypercube. In this paper, we propose a method to embed between hypercube $Q_2n$ and HCN(n, n), HFN(n, n) graph. We show that hypercube $Q_2n$ can be embedded into an HCN(n, n) and KFN(n, n) with dilation 3, and average dilation is smaller than 2. Also, we has a result that the embedding cost, a HCN(n, n) and KFN(n, n) can be embedded into a hypercube, is O(n)

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.261-263
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• 2004

We present a progress report on HCN(1-0) line observations toward starless cores to probe inward motions. We have made a single pointing survey toward the central regions of 85 starless cores and performed mapping observations of 6 infall candidate starless cores. The distributions of the velocity difference between HCN(1-0) hyperfine lines and the optically thin tracer $N_2H^+$(1-0) are significantly skewed to the blue, meaning that HCN(1-0) frequently detects inward motions. Their skewness to the blue is even greater than that of CS(2-1) Lee et al., possibly implying more infall occurrence than CS(1-0). We identify 19 infall candidates by using several characteristics illustrating spectral infall asymmetry seen in HCN(1-0) hyperfine lines, CS(3-2), CS(2-1), $DCO^+(2-1)$ and $N_2H^+$ observations. The HCN(1-0) F(O-l) with the least optical depth usually shows a similar intensity distribution to that of $N_2H^+$ which closely traces the density distribution of the cores, indicating that HCN(1-0) is less chemically affected and so believed to reflect kinematics occurring in rather inner regions of the cores. Detailed radiative transfer model fits of the spectra are underway to analyze central infall kinematics in starless cores.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.115-124
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• 2014

Hypercube and star graph are widely known as interconnection network. The embedding of an interconnection network is a mapping of a network G into other network H. The possibility of embedding interconnection network G into H with a low cost, has an advantage of efficient algorithms usage in network H, which was developed in network G. In this paper, we provide an embedding algorithm between HCN and HON. HCN(n,n) can be embedded into HON($C_{n+1},C_{n+1}$) with dilation 3 and HON($C_d,C_d$) can be embedded into HCN(2d-1,2d-1) with dilation O(d). Also, star graph can be embedded to half pancake's value of dilation 11, expansion 1, and average dilation 8. Thus, the result means that various algorithms designed for HCN and Star graph can be efficiently executed on HON and half pancake, respectively.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.16A no.4
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• pp.299-306
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• 2009

Hierarchical Folded HyperStar Network has lower network cost than HCN(n,n) and HFN(n,n) which are hierarchical networks with the same number of nodes. In this paper, we analyze embedding between Hierarchical Folded HyperStar HFH($C_n,C_n$) and Hypercube, HCN(n,n), HFN(n,n). The results of embedding are that HCN(n,n), HFN(n,n) and Hypercube $Q_{2n}$ can be embedded into HFH($C_n,C_n$) with expansion $\frac{C^n}{2^{2n}}$ and dilation 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Also, HFH($C_n,C_n$) can be embedded into HFN(2n,2n) with dilation 1. These results mean so many developed algorithms in Hypercube, HCN(n,n), HFN(n,n) can be used efficiently in HFH($C_n,C_n$).

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.67.1-67.1
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• 2013

It has been known that HCN is one of ubiquitous high-density gas tracer, and the abundance ratio between HCN and its Isomer, HNC sensitively depends on kinetic temperature in star-forming regions. Here we investigate the molecular abundance ratio toward three different evolutionary phases of massive star formation: Infrared Dark Clouds, High-mass Protostellar Objects and Ultracompact HII Regions. We obtained the abundances of HCN and HNC using optically thin H13CN and HN13C lines observed with the KVN single-dish telescopes and MAMBO 1.2mm and SCUBA $850{\mu}m$ continuum data. According to our results, the ratio of [HCN]/[HNC] increases statistically with the evolutionary stage, indicative of the effect of temperature. We also found a strong anti-correlation between the column density of molecular hydrogen and the HNC abundance.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.2301-2305
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• 2011

The potential energy surface (PES) for the loss of HCN or HNC from the pyrazine molecular ion was determined based on quantum chemical calculations using the G3//B3LYP method. Four possible dissociation pathways to form four $C_3H_3N^{+{{\bullet}}$ isomers were examined. A Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus quasi-equilibrium theory model calculation was performed to predict the dissociation rate constant and the product branching ratio on the basis of the obtained PES. The resultant rate constant for the HCN loss agreed with the previous experimental result. The kinetic analysis predicted that the formation of $CH=CHN{\equiv}CH^{+{\bullet}}+HCN$ was predominant, which occurred by three consecutive steps, a C-C bond cleavage to form a linear intermediate, a rearrangement to form an H-bridged intermediate, and elimination of HCN.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.633-636
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 하이퍼큐브보다 망비용이 개선된 HCN(n,n)과 2n-hypercube 사이의 임베딩을 분석한다. 2n-hypercube를 HCN(n.n)에 연장율 3에 임베딩 가능함을 보이고, HCN(n,n)을 2n-hypercube에 임베딩하는 비용이 O(n)임을 보인다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.429-438
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop key performance indicators (KPIs) for home care nursing (HCN) based on a balanced scorecard, and to construct a performance prediction model of strategic objectives using the Bayesian Belief Network (BBN). Methods: This methodological study included four steps: establishment of KPIs, performance prediction modeling, development of a performance prediction model using BBN, and simulation of a suggested nursing management strategy. An HCN expert group and a staff group participated. The content validity index was analyzed using STATA 13.0, and BBN was analyzed using HUGIN 8.0. Results: We generated a list of KPIs composed of 4 perspectives, 10 strategic objectives, and 31 KPIs. In the validity test of the performance prediction model, the factor with the greatest variance for increasing profit was maximum cost reduction of HCN services. The factor with the smallest variance for increasing profit was a minimum image improvement for HCN. During sensitivity analysis, the probability of the expert group did not affect the sensitivity. Furthermore, simulation of a 10% image improvement predicted the most effective way to increase profit. Conclusion: KPIs of HCN can estimate financial and non-financial performance. The performance prediction model for HCN will be useful to improve performance.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.169-173
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• 2007

Hyperpolarization-activated nonselective cation channels (HCNs) play a pivotal role in producing rhythmic electrical activity in the heart and the nerve cells. In our previous experiments, voltage-dependent $Cd^{2+}$ access to one of the substituted cysteines in S6, T464C, supports the existence of an intracellular voltage-dependent activation gate. Direct binding of intracellular cAMP to HCN channels also modulates gating. Here we attempted to locate the cAMP-modulated structure that can modify the gating of HCN channels. SpHCN channels, a sea urchin homologue of the HCN family, became inactivated rapidly and intracellular cAMP removed this inactivation, resulting in about eight-fold increase of steady-state current level. T464C was probed with $Cd^{2+}$ applied to the intracellular side of the channel. We found that access of $Cd^{2+}$ to T464C was strongly gated by cAMP as well as voltage. Release of bound $Cd^{2+}$ by DMPS was also gated in a cAMP-dependent manner. Our results suggest the existence of an intracellular cAMP-modulated gate in the lower S6 region of spHCN channels.