• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.33-42
• /
• 2004

The forged iron axe found in the No. 2 wood-framed tomb (the middle 3rd century) of Hwangseongdong, Gyeongju is rectangular on the plane level. It shows an obtuse angle in the edge part, while the joint part has the both sides folded up and shows the traces of wood. Under the reflected light, the Iron axe shines in metal luster, which is bright light gray or light creamy colors. The result of x-ray diffraction analysis shows that the axe consists of magnetite and geothite, which can explain why the composition and structure of the original ore has been kept intact. The microtexture of the axe has the irregular network of ferrite and pearlite, and tile cementite of tiny amount in the ferrite background. The overall treatment of the texture seems to be thermal with a high ratio of carbon. There are fine-grained magnetite, wolframite, quartz, calcite, mica, hornblende and pyroxene inside the axe. Those must be the impurities that they failed to remove in the refining process. The normal ferrite is composed of pure iron whose $Fe_2O_3$ proportion is from 99.16 to $99.84\;wt.\%$. Other than them, the ferrite parts usually contain $Al_2O_3\;and\;SiO_2$. The irregular network of pearlite also contains Impurities including $Al_2O_3\;and\;SiO_2$ and shows highly diverse patterns of carbon content. It's because the axe was carburized after the material was made to resemble pure iron. The decarbonization work didn't go well along the process marks. It's estimated that the original ore was bloom produced in low-temperature reduction and formed around in $727^{\circ}C$, which is eutetic temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.483-488
• /
• 2015

This paper presents a local binary pattern(LBP) for effectively classifying textures, which is based on the multidimensional intensity difference between the adjacent pixels in the block image. The intensity difference by considering the a extent of 4 directional changes(verticality, horizontality, diagonality, inverse diagonality) in brightness between the adjacent pixels is applied to reduce the computation load as a results of decreasing the levels of histogram for classifying textures of image. And the binary patterns that is represented by the relevant intensities within a block image, is also used to effectively classify the textures by accurately reflecting the local attributes. The proposed method has been applied to classify 24 block images from USC Texture Mosaic #2 of 128*128 pixels gray image. The block images are different in size and texture. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a speedy classification and makes a free size block images classify possible. In particular, the proposed method gives better results than the conventional LBP by increasing the range of histogram level reduction as the block size becomes larger.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
• /
• v.35S no.10
• /
• pp.118-125
• /
• 1998

We introduce an adaptive finite state vector quantization using a new side match distortion function. The conventional side match distortion function can make the gray level transition between the block bounddaries as smooth as possible and proper state codebooks in the flat areas where the spatial correlations are high. But it can't make proper codebooks in the edge areas where the spatial correlations are not high. The proposed distortion function adds the variances which represent the image characteristics to the conventional side match distortion function as weighted values. Then it can select better state codebooks than the conventional side match distortion function. Also if it predicts a wrong state, the proposed quantizer can correct the state. As a result, we can obtain the satisfiable image quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.363-366
• /
• 2001

The present process of grading leather quality by the rare eyes is not reliable. Because inconsistency of grading due to eyes strain for long time can cause incorrect result of grading. Therefore it is necessary to automate the process of grading quality of leather based on objective standard for it. In this paper, leather automatic classification system consists of the process obtaining the information of leather and the process grading the quality of leather from the information. Leather is graded by its information such as texture density, types and distribution of defects. This paper proposes the algorithm which sorts out leather information like texture density and defects from the gray-level images obtained by digital camera. The density information is sorted out by the distribution value of Fourier spectrum which comes out after original image is converted to the image in frequency domain. And the defect information is obtained by the statistics of pixels which is relevant to Window using searching Window after sort out boundary lines from preprocessed images. The information for entire leather is used as standard of grading leather quality, and the proposed algorithm is practically applied to machine vision system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2015.10a
• /
• pp.79-82
• /
• 2015

Bag of visual words(BoVW) is one of the image classification and retrieval methods, using feature point that automatical sorting and searching system by image feature vector of data base. The existing method using feature point shall search or classify the image that user unwanted. To solve this weakness, when comprise the words, include not only feature point but color information that express overall mood of image or texture information that express repeated pattern. It makes various searching possible. At the test, you could see the result compared between classified image using the words that have only feature point and another image that added color and texture information. New method leads to accuracy of 80~90%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2016.05a
• /
• pp.267-270
• /
• 2016

Currently, tire has a variety of information to know the information of the tire are displayed on the tire side. the market are marked with raised letters showing a variety of information relating to the tires. Such information enables people and tire related companies to distinguish between tires upon the information marked on the tires. Generally, people see the information including max press, manufacturing date, etc. Accordingly, studies on automated recognition of raised letters on tire by using image processing technology have been presented consistently. However, they lack a method for recognition of letters and improvement of the recognition. Moreover, the raised letters have been previously recognized through image processing. Further, to obtain the character recognition of a conventional side in video, it is suitably utilized the effects of lighting time of acquisition, so as part of the background and the character has a gray level values between approximately the same, is the part that is not relatively clear are many scattered. In this paper, we see the characters of the tire side using the laser sensor, recognition, was designed for character recognition of the tire side.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.26 no.11A
• /
• pp.1938-1945
• /
• 2001

In this paper, a new scheme for image conversion of the 2D input images into the stereoscopic 3D images by using differential shifting method is proposed. First, the relative depth information is estimated by disparity and occlusion information from the input stereo images and then, each of image objects are segmented by gray-level using the estimated information. Finally, through the differential shifting of the segmented objects according to the horizontal parallax, a stereoscopic 3D image having optimal stereopsis is reconstructed. From some experimental results, it is found that the horizontal disparity can be improved about 1.6dB in PSNR for the reconstructed stereo image using the proposed scheme through comparing to that of the given input image. In the experiment of using the commercial stereo viewer, the reconstructed stereoscopic 3D images, in which each of the segmented objects are horizontally shifted in the range of 4 ∼5 pixels are also found to have the mast improved stereopsis.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.21 no.3 s.61
• /
• pp.247-254
• /
• 2000

We propose an efficient MR image compression technique using fractal coding in wavelet transform domain. In the Proposed method , we construct significant coefficient trees with the absolute values of discrete wavelet transform coefficients and then perform the fractal coding with the information of significant coefficients having high energy. For MR images, most Pixels including background have very low gray level values, the number of significant coefficients is small. so we can expect high compression rate. In addition. since this method uses the fractal coding in wavelet transform domain, blocking artifact is reduced prominently and edges sensitive to human visual system are well preserved. As a result of computer simulation, we obtained the reconstructed images with better quality than those by JPEG at the low bit rates below 0.33[bpp].

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.361-367
• /
• 1998

We student tow image characteristics, the smoothness and the similarity, which give rise to local and global redundancy in image representation. The smoothness means that the gray level values within a given block vary gradually rather than abruptly. The similarity means that any patterns in an image repeat itself anywhere in the rest of the image. In this sense, we proposed a lossless medical image compression scheme which exploits both types of redundancy. The proposed method segments the image into variable size blocks and encodes them depending on characteristics of the blocks. The proposed compression schemes works better 10~40[%] than other compression scheme such as the Huffman, the arithmetic, the Lempel-Ziv, HINT(Hierachical Interpolation) and the lossless scheme of JPEG with one predictor.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2001

The discharge characteristics of 3 electrcdes AC surface discharge plasma display were analyzed. For an unstable state of the discharge which appeared at the maximum discharge voltage, it is found that a parbal erase of the wall charge by the second discharge is a cause. Based on the second discharge, new operation margin considering the interrelation between the address discharge and the display discharge was defined and the validity of it was verified by the experiments. It is necessary to decrease the acklress pulse width for high-speed addressing. However, the operation margin of the ackIress pulse decreases as the pulse width of it becomes narrower. If the address pulse width is wider than l[ps], the operation margin of the display discharge is not related to the address pulse width. From the experimental result, image or 8bit 253 gray level was displayed on PDP with the cell structure of the HDTV class by using the high-speed address ADS drive methcd with pulse width of $1[{\mu}s]$ and the brightness of $560[cd/m^2]$ was obtained. ained.