• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.21-33
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• 2011

This paper aims to explore the characteristics of Bogeumjari Housing Program and its significance to housing policy, and propose an appropriate direction of future housing policy for low-income households without home ownership based on actual data on housing careers and preferences of the policy target households. Supply of Bogeumjary Housing is characterized by consolidation of existing housing program, housing support by income level, differentiation of eligible households, and housing subscription on-line. Bogeumjari Housing Program is meaningful in that it is a policy that resumed the supply of permanent housing, provides multi-tier support system by income level, and adjusts the imbalances in housing demand and supply. Despite their strong preferences for Bogeumjari Housing, their affordability is very low due to their low income levels and gloomy outlook for household finances. In this light, the government should pursue housing policies that include not only new housing constructions, but also efficient use of housing stocks, expansion of loans for first-time home buyers, and introduction of home mortgage and housing voucher.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.572-593
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• 2022

Crime committed by civilians and criminals using legal and illegal firearms and conversion of legal firearms into illegal ones has become a common practice around the world. As a result, policies to control civilian gun ownership have been debated in several countries. The issue arose because the linkages between firearm-related mortality, weapon accessibility, and violent crime data can imply diverse options for addressing criminality. In this paper, we have projected a mathematical model in terms of the Caputo fractional derivative to address the issues viz. input of legal guns, crime committed by legal and illegal guns, and strict government policies to monitor the license of legal guns, strict action against violent crime. The boundedness, existence and uniqueness of solutions and the stability of points of equilibrium are examined. It is observed that violent crime increases with the increase of crime committed by illegal guns, crime committed by legal guns and, decreases with the increase of legal guns, the deterrent effect of civilian gun ownership, and action of law against crime. Further, legal guns increase with the increase of the limitation of trade of illegal guns and decrease with the increase of conversion of legal guns into illegal guns and increase of the growth rate of illegal guns. Again, as crime is committed by legal guns also, the policy of illegal gun control does not assure a crime-free society. Weak gun control can lead to a society with less crime. Theoretical aspects are numerically verified in the present work.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.19-43
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• 1983

Mankind has made traditional use of various ocean resources in such several forms as fish, plants food, means of transportation, and military purpose, followed by the recent exploitation of offshore subsoil or sea-bed minerals, energies, and utilization of ocean space. These available ocean resources come from the marine natural environment which has a distinct feature in view of the relationship between human wants and their capacity to meet them. Though these socially basic resources however bring forth the so-called scarcity or differential rent, their communal nature of ownership dissipates free gifts of nature endowed to society as a whole. Thus to maximize these rents and social welfare thereof, rents should be secured and preserved through a well-defined arrangements of property-ownership as well as appropriate comparison of competing uses of marine resources, taking full cognizance of their irreversible adverse effects of a specific choice on the alternatives. Here I showed the sources of rent yielded from the multiple uses of navigation, fishery, mariculture, minerals, and recreation site, and also summarized the presently widely-known analytic tool to measure these rents with emphasis on due care of the telescopic faulty of the appraiser in charge, viewed from the communal point, Finally, as communal property is in strict sense owned by the public at large, notwithstanding the restricted communal ownership at government or local governments control, effectiveness of competition I expect should be kept while transferring claims of these resources from the legal owner to private enterprise as well as while extracting their rent by her. In particular, various national or social objectives look forward to tile maximization of social efficiency. Discretionary system in noncompetitive method thus, is exceptionally suggested because of probable suspicion from the public whether these resources are transferred as a give away or not in discretion. And these realized rent payments, I propose, should be wisely taken advantage of in advancement of scientific research in marine nature to bring an incremental rent therefrom successively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.27-32
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• 2002

Cultural property Preservation Bureau of Korea excavated the massive shipwreck and her cargo from 1976 to 1984 sunken under Jeungdo Island, Sinan County located int eh southwest area of the Korean peninsula. It was the first systematic underwater excavation in Korea, and one of the richest underwater discovery int eh world. According to the reference materials, more treasure shipwrecks are assumed to be sunk under seaside of Korean peninsula. Such as, Donskoy near Ulleung Island, Kow Shing near Ul Island, and yamashita treasure ship off Korean peninsula, etc. The excavations of these treasure ship are likely to raise ownership dispute between private finders and government authority, and between ship owner and excavater due to lack of knowledge and awareness of related laws and regulation. Therefore, this study aims to examine existing legal regimes related to the excavated treasureship. And also it tries to suggest a new proactive measure to prevent the most likely ownership disputes between interested parties.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.221-239
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• 2010

The lineage village is a very characteristic form of village in Korea. Although it was known as having established on the base of the Lineage Law, the complexities of political and economical structures played an important role in the process of establishing the village. The continuous political struggles between the scholar officials forced them to abuse the blood ties as well as the academic and regional relation. Using the disorder of land ownership system, the ruling elite made chances to expand the private land ownership, and these became the fiscal background of the formation of the lineage village and the agglomeration. The capital area's lineage villages were used of fiscal background by scholar officials lived in Hanyang. In the reason of political struggle, the initiator came to Osan-ri in late 16th Century. And in early 17th century, with a government dignitary, Shin Kye-Young, and with the reproduction of population, Osan-ri formed a typical lineage village with many clan households in the late of 17th century.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.511-516
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• 2002

Cultural Property Preservation Bureau of Korea excavated the massive shipwreck and her cargo from 1976 to 1984 sunken under Jeungdo Island, Sinan County located in the southwest area of the Korean peninsula. It was the first systematic underwater excavation in Korea, and one of the richest underwater discovery in the world. According to the reference materials, more treasure shipwrecks are assumed to be sunk under seaside of Korean peninsula. Such as, Donskoy near Ulleung Island, Kow Shing near Ul Island, and Yamashita treasure ship off Korean peninsula, etc. The excavations of these treasure ship are likely to raise ownership dispute between private finders and government authority, and between ship owner and excavater due to lack of knowledge and awareness of related laws and regulations. Therefore, this study aims to examine existing legal regimes related to the excavated treasureship. And also it tries to suggest a new proactive measure to prevent the most likely ownership disputes between interested parties.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.5-20
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• 2018

This paper aims to analyze characteristic by the cities focused on the ratio of new apartment resale that is one of the apartment unit sale market, which has been increased recently. So, this study examined characteristics of population, apartment trade & sale, housing with 162 cities and counties and performed multiple regression analysis with dependent variable, ratio of new apartment resale. As a result. the factors affecting the ratio of new apartment resale are 7variables, apartment sales rate, transfer of ownership, apartment turnover rate, sale volume, regional apartment rate, population increasing rate, housing average apartment sale price rate. In terms of the increase in apartment sales prices, the rate of sales price increase was relatively low in areas where the transaction rate for apartment sales is high, and the number of apartment sales right transactions increased as the number of other ownership transfers rose. As a result, the data will be based on the improvement of the government's policies and systems to stimulate the transaction focused on the real estate agents in the apartment market.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.131-148
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• 2023

Purpose - Since the 2020s, the management philosophy of Chinese firms' ESG has been rapidly established under the leadership of the Chinese government. We empirically analyze the ESG characteristics and effects on corporate value of Chinese firms. Design/methodology/approach - Using OLS and random effect panel regression analysis, we identify ESG determinants. In analyzing the impact on corporate value, likewise a large number of literatures, we adopt a 2SLS methodology using instrumental variables in the reason of endogeneity between ESG and firm value. We analyze using the G2SLS methodology, which is improving the efficiency of the estimation coefficients along with 2SLS. Findings - We find that ESG ratings are high in state-owned and foreign capital invested companies, ESG ratings are low in companies with a high proportion of non-floating stocks which implies information asymmetry. However, there are no significance in the institutional investor's, the major 10 largest shareholders' and manager's ownership. Furthermore, we can support most of the hypotheses that ESG ratings will be high in companies with high management performance. ESG ratings are significantly higher in companies with high ROA, rich in cash asset, low debt ratio, and large size. we strongly support the hypothesis that the higher the ESG rating, the higher the firm value, and ESG has a moderating effect on state-owned companies, non-floating shares, the ownership of institutional investors, manager, and the 10 major shareholder. In particular, state-owned companies, the proportion of non-floating shares, and the ownership of the 10 major shareholders have a negative impact on firm value, however, ESG attenuates this negative effect. Research implications or Originality - This study looks forward to enhancing our understanding of ESG characteristics in East Asia.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.427-437
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• 2010

The Korean Government is trying to construct an ocean research station in Dokdo's water. The station would be the third ocean research station following the Ieodo station and the Gageocho station. Although the new station would served as a scientific research base for peaceful and academic purposes, the construction of the station will almost certainly lead to a diplomatic dispute between Japan and Korea in the near future due to the disputed ownership of the island. In light of the diplomatic protests against the construction of the Ieodo station by the Chinese Government, various domestic and international legal issues which could be raised regarding the construction of the Dokdo station need to be reviewed. Therefore, this article reviews the international legal status of the station and the rights and duties pertaining to its construction, investigates the domestic legal grounds relating to the construction and operation of the marine scientific installation, evaluates the international legal impacts of the construction on the expansion of maritime jurisdiction, the effective control on Dokdo and the negotiations on maritime boundary delimitation, and finally draws conclusions on the future activities of the Korean Government for the construction and operation of the Dokdo Ocean Research Station.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.255-262
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• 2021

The paper examines the influence of ownership type on environmental performance of Chinese listed enterprises. China's environmental problems are attributed to the collusion between enterprises and economy-oriented local governments, which has allowed many companies to skirt environmental regulations. Especially, local state-owned enterprises (SOEs) tend to have worse environmental performance than private firms, under the wing of local governments, with whom they have a closer political connection. According to the report of the Environmental Protection Agency, currently the unacceptably poor environmental performance of local SOEs has severely hampered the realization of green economy in China. After examining the dataset of 15,996 firm-year observations from 2,688 listed firms, this paper found that, in the presence of central government supervision and personnel intervention, listed local SOEs will be forced to improve their environmental performance in accordance with standards set by the central government, which leads to better environmental performance than that of listed private firms (private firms). The result of two-stage regression also supports the conclusion. This shows increased supervision and personnel intervention from the central government can significantly improve the environmental performance of local SOEs. The research in this paper expects to make a contribution to attaining the goal of green economy in China.