Journal of the Korean Geographical Society (대한지리학회지)

The Korean Geographical Society (대한지리학회)
권호 표지

Political and Economical Background of Formation of a Lineage Village in the Vicinity of Seoul: A Case Study of Osan-ri, Yesan

예산 오산리 사례를 통해서 본 근기권(近畿圈) 종족촌락 형성의 정치.경제적 배경

  • Leem, Byoung-Jo (Cheonan Wolbong Highschool, Department of Geography Education, Korea National University of Education)
  • 임병조 (천안월봉고등학교, 한국교원대학교)
  • Received : 2010.02.03
  • Accepted : 2010.04.01
  • Published : 2010.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The lineage village is a very characteristic form of village in Korea. Although it was known as having established on the base of the Lineage Law, the complexities of political and economical structures played an important role in the process of establishing the village. The continuous political struggles between the scholar officials forced them to abuse the blood ties as well as the academic and regional relation. Using the disorder of land ownership system, the ruling elite made chances to expand the private land ownership, and these became the fiscal background of the formation of the lineage village and the agglomeration. The capital area's lineage villages were used of fiscal background by scholar officials lived in Hanyang. In the reason of political struggle, the initiator came to Osan-ri in late 16th Century. And in early 17th century, with a government dignitary, Shin Kye-Young, and with the reproduction of population, Osan-ri formed a typical lineage village with many clan households in the late of 17th century.

종족촌락이 일정한 시기에 전국적으로 일반화되었다는 사실은 이것이 등장했던 당시의 사회적 상황을 반영한 결과물입을 의미한다. 따라서 당시의 사회적 배경, 특히 지배집단으로서 사대부계급의 정치적 입장의 변화 및 강력한 혈연 공동제의 물적 기반이 되었던 토지제도와의 관련성 속에서 종족촌락의 발생과 발달을 살펴보는 것은 종족촌락을 이해하는 한가지 방법이 될 수 있다. 정치적 갈등이 지속되면서 사대부들은 학연, 지연뿐만 아니라 혈연을 중요한 정치적 배경으로 활용하였으며, 사적 토지 소유를 확대함으로써 종족촌락의 형성과 확대를 위한 물적 토대를 확보했기 때문이다. 근기권(近畿圈)의 종족촌락들은 한양에 근거를 두고 있던 유력 가문들의 경제적 근거로 활용되었으며 이러한 근거를 확보해 가는 과정에서 정치권력이 중요한 배경으로 작용하였다. 정치적 갈등으로 오산리에 입향한 영산신씨 가문은 사적 토지 소유와 가문 출신의 현달한 관료를 배경으로 17세기 후반에 이르러 안정된 종족촌락으로 발달하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Choi, J. S., 1979, The genealogy and lineage organization in Joseon era, The Journal of History, 81, 37-79 (in Korean).
  2. Choi, J. S., 1983, The formation of lineage group in Joseon era, Journal of Korean studies, 9(3), 2-44 (in Korean).
  3. Guelke, L., 1982, Historical Geography & Cllingwoods's Theory of Historical Knowing, in Baker, A. R. H. and Billinge, M.(eds.), Period & Place, Cambridge Univ Press.
  4. Jeon, J. H., 2005, The landscape and place of the lineage group, Nonhyoung, Seoul (전종한, 2005, 종족집단의 경관과 장소, 논형, 서울).
  5. Jeong, J. Y., 1986, The problems of rural villages and reaction of native aristocrats, Collection of National culture treatises, 7, 85-112.
  6. Kang, Y. H., 1993, History of Korean dwelling culture, Kimoondang, Seoul (강영환, 1993, 한국주거문화의 역사, 기문당, 서울).
  7. Kensho, E. S., 1943, The Family Name and Clan Village in Joseon, Toaeshyuin, Tokyo.
  8. Kim, H. J.(translation), 1989, Fact and hypothesis in Yi dynasty economic history-The demographic dimension, Journal of Busan History, 17(1), 75- 107 (金惠貞譯, 1989," 조선시대의인구변동과경 제사-人口統計學的인 측면을 중심으로-"釜山史 學, 17(1), 75-107; Michell, T., Fact and Hypothesis in Yi Dynasty Economic History-The Demographic Dimension, Korean Studies Forum No. 5, Winter.Spring 1979-1980).
  9. Kim, H. S., 1985, Socio-historical research to propagation of Scrapbook of two morality, The Journal of History, 107, 15-68 (in Korean).
  10. Kim, I. C., Kim, P. D., Moon, O. P., Song, J. K., Han, D. H., Han, S. B., and Murasaki, K. N., 1998, The tradition and change of a lineage village, Backsanseodang, Seoul (김일철.김필동.문옥표.송정기.한도현.한상복.村崎京一, 1998, 종족마을의 전통과 변화, 백산서당, 서울).
  11. Kim, Y. S., 1990, The power relations between the king and landlords in the Yi-dynasty: with emphasis on the changing patterns of the landownership, Master's Thesis, Kyung-Hee University.
  12. Ko, Y. J., 1989, The implementation of customary formalities of a family and it's significance in 15-16th century, The Discourse of Korean history, 21, 73-173 (in Korean).
  13. Kwon, Y. W., Leem, H. S., Jang, J. H., and Choi, K. Y., 1992, The integrated village environment in Korea, The Journal of Applied geography, 15, 1- 142 (in Korean).
  14. Lee, H. J., 1993, The socio-historical backgrounds of lineage activities in the late of Joseon, Oriental Studies, 23, 189-205 (in Korean).
  15. Lee, S. K., 1984, A Study on the History of Medieval Society in Korea, Iljosa, Seoul (이수건, 1984, 한국중세사회사연구, 일조사).
  16. Lee, S. K., 1995, The Formulation and Progress of Youngnam school, Iljogak, Seoul (이수건, 1995, 영남학파의 형성과 전개, 일조각).
  17. Leem, B. J., 2000, A study on the migration of scholarofficials into Naepo during the Joseon era, Journal of Cultural and Historical Geography, 12(2), 73-96.
  18. Leem, B. J., 2008, A study on the constitution and identity of Naepo region, The graduate institute of geography, Ph.D. Thesis, Korea National University of Education.
  19. Oh, I. T., 1996, The Yangan and documents of landownership at late Joseon era, Jouranl of Busan History, 20, 151-185.
  20. Oh, S. C., 1986, The trend of political party in the period of King Injo, Lee, T. J.(eds), A review of Joseon's political history(A massacre of scholars and party strife), Beomjosa, Seoul, 75-130 (오수창, 1986," 인조대 정치세력의 동향,"이태진(편), 조선시대 정치사의 재조명(사화.당쟁편), 범조사, 75-130).
  21. Park, S. H., 1994, The History of Landownership System in Joseon era(I, II), Shinseowon, Seoul (박시형, 1994, 조선 토지제도사(상.중), 신서원, 서울).
  22. Park, W. K., 1971, A Study on the Usufruct of Land in Joseon era, Master's Thesis, Joseon University.
  23. Researcher's Association of Korean People's History, 1986, History of Korean people, Pulbit, Seoul.
  24. Yang, B. K., 1980, A study on the lineage village in Banwol-myun Sa-ri -the origin and development process-, Collection of Geographic Treatises, 7, 29-52 (in Korean).
  25. Yoon, D. J., 2002, A study on Shin Kye-Young, Kookhakjaryowon, Seoul (윤덕진, 2002, 선석 신계영 연구, 국학자료원, 서울).
  26. 敎旨(天啓三年(1623)二月二十二日, 天啓三年三月十四日, 康熙四年(1665)五月初一日).
  27. 司馬榜目, 한국정신문화연구원 CD자료(1997).
  28. 仙石遺稿.
  29. 辛啓榮行狀, 辛受和撰.
  30. 輿地圖書, 국사편찬위원회(2001).
  31. 寧越.寧山辛氏大同譜, 영월.영산신씨 대동보 편찬위원회(1981).
  32. 朝鮮王朝實錄, 동방미디어 CD자료(1997).
  33. 新舊對照朝鮮全道府郡面里洞名稱一覽, 超智唯七(1917), 朝鮮總督府.