• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.17-24
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• 2016

The aim of this study is to build an architectural landscaping design ways of vulnerable community in rural area. I surveyed scenery structures, public buildings and single home forms, and fence types of house in twelve villages which have undertaken improving environment of rural community in four provinces. They all have an inferior surroundings to live in rural village, because they were isolated from the city, located on the mountain or island, and made a living under the slate materials of roof. The central government has been driving to reform the conditions with local office, so that they may increase their living qualities and village environment to get to the general level of rural area. There are three results of this study as follows: First, the scenery of the village surveyed has a remarkable views of locality and hierarchy of layers between field and mountain, which is very identified as a typical image of Korean rural topology. Second, the public buildings and single homes and outside wall of houses were personally designed or reformed as a various types like a flat slab style and different architectural structure, because they followed only to keep the architectural code rather than to make a harmony with other traditional style buildings. When they have to remodel it again through SaethulMaul project, they are needed to consider of both architectural code and design guideline for the local landscape design image. Third, to make a different landscape view of each village and improve housing conditions, it should be taken a people participation design way.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.59-75
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• 2024

This study was conducted to examine the domestic and foreign street tree creation and management system. This study examined the planning, creation, and management of street trees in Seoul, Korea, Lebanon, U.S.A, Yokohama, Japan, and Paris, France. Although the work system and perception of street trees differ depending on the national administration and cultural differences, major differences and characteristics could be examined. According to the research results, each country surveyed street trees through various methods and standards, and it was confirmed that an efficient work performance system was established with quantitative standards and devices to efficiently utilize them compared to Korea. There is a limitation in representing an entire country as only one local government was considered. In addition, since laws are revised and established according to changes and needs in society, it is necessary to conduct continuous research.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: The Geomunoreum Lava Tube System (GLTS) is both vast and culturally valuable. The Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes, which are partly composed of the GLTS, have been declared as a United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site. Exploration of the caves is strictly regulated to conserve these vulnerable environments. Photographs provide limited information and do not describe the entire environment comprehensively. Therefore, we created several illustrations of the lava tubes to display their environmental features. METHODS AND RESULTS: We explored six lava caves (upstream and downstream) in the GLTS and photographed their geological features and yellow walls, the colors of which are influenced by microbial mats. We compared the hex codes of the wall colors using the Clip Studio v1.10.5 software and created illustrations that accurately represent the scale and features of the caves. CONCLUSION(S): Upstream and downstream caves of the GLTS differ in scale and volcanic features. We illustrated various characteristics of the caves including lava cave features, vegetation, and microbial mats. We also described the internal and external cave environments.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2011

This study has been examined characteristics of Yeoju Lee family, rich group at Miryang in the middle of the Joseon Dynasty, around Geumsidang(今是堂) Lee Gwang-jin remains as a cultural landscape appeared in pictures, poetry, and a strange story. Geumsidang Lee Gwang-jin returned to his old home abandoned the middle government post after the death of Moonjeong queen in socially confused stage and tried to manage an annex to a Geumsidang located in Baekgok of Eungchun riverside, and Geumsidang he managed was affected by his teacher and uncle Wolyoun Lee Tae of a view of nature, filial behavior, and nature management etc. Also, 'Painting of 12 landscapes to Geumsidang' is landscape painting with the actual view not like the '8 landscapes of So-Sang' or '8 landscapes of Sa-Si' which is abstract landscape and Lee Gyeong-hong drew 12 landscapes of Geumsidang that includes Angbong(鶯峰: nightingale peak), Yongdu mountain(龍頭山), Mubong Buddhist temple(舞鳳寺), Maam mountain(馬巖山), Wolyeon-dae(月淵臺), Saindang village(舍人堂村), Youngnam-ru(嶺南樓), Miryang eubseong(密陽邑城), Eyeonso(梨淵沼: pear tree deep water), Yullim(栗林: chestnut tree forest), Miryang river(密陽江), Sammundong fields(沙門野), land and government office owned by Yeoju Lee family as landscape objects. 'Poems of 12 landscapes to Geumsidang' by Lee Yong-gu 11th sons of Lee Gwang-jin was written based on 'Painting of 12 landscapes to Geumsidang', and sang for time, season, and changes of the weather. All 12 poems are all a quatrain with seven Chinese characters in each line consisted of all 28 words, but does not match completely with shown elements in pictures because it is not a simple description of pictures but it is recreated by writer's personality. Therefore these painting shows not only th meaning of filial behavior but also village owned by Yeoju Lee family rich group in Miryang, and these poem recreated the pictures by changing as certain scenic spot with the object of enforcing territory of Yeoju Lee family.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.375-384
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• 2008

This research aimed to grasp the recognition of the amenity of the university students residing in Gyo-dong residential area in Gangneung city, the local residents residing in Daehag-ro which is near Jungang-ro in downtown and the public servants related to city development in Gangneung city office and thereby propose a plan to improve the amenity of Gangneung city. Based on the result of the research, the university student group around Gyo-dong residential area mostly recognized the amenity and the local residents around Daehag-ro showed insufficient recognition of the amenity and some of related public servants were found to be ignorant of the term amenity. Also, the priorities of amenity indexes identified from these 3 groups commonly showed aliveness requiring green lands and watercourses on top but 2nd priority of each group tended to be different from each other. Through the research result as above, we would like to propose the plan to improve as follows. First, the recognition of the concept of amenity is necessary. Second, green lands and watercourses that were selected by all of the 3 groups as ranking no. 1 should be secured. Third, the value of amenity resources should be evaluated. Gangneung city is a city where mountains and the sea are harmonized together granting abundant god blessed natural resources. But if Gangneung city would imprudently reclaims the excellent god blessed natural environment under the good title of city and housing lands development, its ranking in city competitiveness evaluations will be expected to continue descending. Therefore, as proposed in this research, the thing that has to be implemented with first priority for amenity Gangneung city is the execution of amenity policy to secure the identity of Gangneung city and the aspect of regulations or systems should also be pursued together with the policy.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.258-267
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to present improvement devices of urban center's green function in the Public Open Space Attached Building(P.O.S.) in Incheon, Korea. Study sites were the P.O.S. of office building(10 place), transportation facility building(3 places), government office building(2 places) that were made up 1994∼2002 and analyzed establishment, using and planting status. And P.O.S.'s planting area structure of Osaka and Kawasaki in Japan that is operating P.O.S. system similar to Korea was compared with study sites of Incheon. P.O.S. of Incheon is not managing as valuable urban center's green and establishing to satisfy legal requirement. The strengthening devices of P.O.S. function are as follows. First, it is desirable that planting area rate of P.O.S. in order to develop small park in urban center is increasing by 40% that is children's park level. Second, it must be conferred about planting basis, tree selection and planting method etc. of P.O.S. with green and park development department at building authorization. Third, by the 'landscape planting standard of plottage' that is becoming planting standard of P.O.S is heightened and must increase quality and amount of green. Fourth, it is required mandatory establishing of sign so that citizens can search easily and utilize of P.O.S. Fifth, legal regulation should be decided to prevent that P.O.S. is used unlike purpose originally.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.108-117
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• 2011

In drafting the standards on changes in current conditions, the height or the number of stories is applied in a restrictive manner by limiting to securing the distance to vertical surface for cultural properties within the influence investigation area, but this is expected to have a negative impact on the surrounding sceneries as well as results in the dwarfing phenomenon for precious cultural properties. That is, the preparation for supplementing the insufficient objectivity that is likely to take place during the process of drafting the standards on changes in current conditions. Thus the author attempts to suggest the analytic method for the decision making related to objective and reasonable determination and regulation of the changes in current conditions through computer based simulation work that considers the cultural properties and surrounding environments under investigation. In order to achieve such research objectives, the author reviewed the subject sites where the cultural property dwarfing phenomenon was expected to occur in case of the permission for the changes in current conditions or where the impact of natural landscape and natural feature on the earth is less than architectural building or artificial structure or where the new policy program is likely to be adopted due to incomplete establishment of current condition change standard within influence investigation area, among other cultural properties with architectural building or artificial structure nearby located in Cheonan city and then selected Cheonansaji Dangganjiju(flag poles) and Jiksanhyun Gwana(government office). The author then undertook the quantitative visibility analysis in order to determine the comprehensive prospect rights for the cultural properties and surrounding environments concerned.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.23-34
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• 2012

This Study is about the "Comprehensive Landscape Improvement Plan for Gu-ryoung Seaside Village that was one of most exhibited projects for developing sea villages." The formulations of the plan were supervised by the Ministry of Land, Transport, and Maritime Affairs and were executed by the Goheung Country. Rather than proposing renovations for the landscape, this study maintains the existing order and attempts to examine the plan by scrutinizing the vernacular design language of the landscape. In the study, community members had the opportunity to express their opinions and ideas about the community through workshops composed of community participation programs, and participated in the decision-making process through consultation meetings. The conclusion of this study was relevant to the activities of the committee on landscape improvement. The Comprehensive Landscape Improvement Plan has three objectives: (1) resorting and modifying the natural landscape, (2) restructuring the roadways, and (3) modifying key spaces. In the end, the role of Gu-ryong Mountain as a background of the landscape was focused on tree planting drives that were undertaken, and accessibility to the sea front was improved. Second, in restructuring the roadways, rough roads were restored and unconnected roads were connected to ensure a network of roads along the sea front, inner roads in the village, roads at the Fringes Mountains, and stone roads on the mud flat. In addition, roads were named according to the character of the landscape and signs were installed. Finally, the existing key spaces, in which community members came together, were restored and new key spaces were created for the outdoor activities of the inhabitants and the diverse experience of visitors. A guideline was also created to regulate private areas such as roofs, walls, fences of residential buildings, and private container boxes and fishing gear along the sea front. The strength of this study is that it is seeking to determine the greatest potential of the landscape and set the plan by examining the lives of community members. Some problems were found during the development of this study. Further, there were problems in the community's understanding as elaborated below. First is the gap between community members' awareness and practice. Even though they were aware of the problems with the village landscape, they hesitated to implement improvements. Second, community members have misunderstandings about the landscape the improvement plan. The local government and the residents have understood this plan as a development project; for example, new building construction or the extension of roads. Third, residents are not aware that continuous attention and improvements are required for the upkeep of the landscape in the sea village. The plan to improve the landscape should promote a balance between making the area as a tourist attraction and maintaining the lives and cultural activities, because the sea village system incorporates settlements, economy, and culture.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.51-59
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to improve interaction with the construction subject by analyzing the contents and contents of users' involvement in landscaping works. For this purpose, this study selected the Gwanggyo Residential Land Development District Public Landscape Project in Suwon, Gyeonggi Province. For four years before and after the completion, the opinions of tenants were used as research data. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses of 412 complaints received by the project implementation office and local government were conducted. As a result, first, the main purpose of suggesting opinions was 'demanding and expressing complaints', and there were many 'parks' and 'rivers'. In terms of content, "quality" was the most pointed out, but many kinds of trees, such as tree planting, ecological river construction, and pavement construction were also mentioned. Second, the extraction of key words from content analysis was the most common method. Followed by 'additional foodstuff' and 'moving to the toilet and management building'. Much of the point of view about dead wood has continued to be conspicuous in the process of waiting to be dealt with at the time of transplanting. Third, the validity of the contents of the complaints was evaluated as a five - point scale. Therefore, the opinions raised were unreasonable, but overall, there were more complaints with certain objectivity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2017

This study investigated the process of change of 32 urban parks designated during the period of Japanese colonial rule according to growth and development of the city in Busan. Particularly, researching included analyizing books, notification, data, and documents relevant to the history of urban planning published by Busan city. As a result, Daejeong Park, Gokwan Park, and Yongdusan Park had been utilized by Japanese residents under the Japanese colonial rule before planning of urban parks, and 32 parks legally specified in 1944 were planned by considering the prevention against disasters. After emancipation, there were an unauthorized building, housing construction, business district, public office, and school facility in the sites of the parks due to the influence of the Korean War and reorganization of urban planning. The majority of parkways and small parks downtown were eliminated. However, unexecuted parks that the government had designed on the edge of town during the Japanese colonial period have become major parks downtown through the city's growth. Yeonji Park, Yangjeong Park, and Danggok Park have been being building as a business of parks for a comfortable city, forming downtown along with the Green-Busan Policy. Thus, 32 parks designated under the Japanese colonial rule have made or got out of use reflecting on the phases of the times of modern Korean society. It turns out that these parks need an investigation about condition for land possession and purchase of the site of the parks in order for social common capital.