• Title/Summary/Keyword: Golf Ball

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Kinematic Analysis According to the Intentional Curve Ball at Golf Driver Swing (골프 드라이버 스윙 시 의도적인 구질 변화에 따른 운동학적 분석)

  • Hong, Soo-Young;So, Jae-Moo;Kim, Yong-Seok
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.269-276
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of This study's aim is to examine the difference in the changes of body segment movement, variables for ball quality, and carry at golf driver swing according to the ball quality using comparative analysis. Regarding the impact variables according to the ball quality using the track man and carry, club speed was the fastest at draw shot, ball speed was the fastest at straight shot, and smash factor was the lowest at draw shot. About the vertical launch angle, the fade shot showed the highest launch angle while the max height of the ground and ball was the highest at fade shot. And carry was the longest at draw shot. For the flight time, it was the longest at draw shot. The landing angle was the largest at fade shot. About the club head position change and trajectory, at the overall event point, the fade shot drew a more outer trajectory at the point of the follow through(E6) than the straight or draw shot. Regarding the angular speed of shoulder rotation, at the overall event point, the fade shot showed the greatest angular speed change in the follow through(E6). Also, about the angular speed of pelvic rotation, at the overall event point, the draw shot showed the greatest angular speed change at the point of down swing(E4). Concerning the stance angle change, both straight and fade shots were open as the concept of open stance whereas the draw shot was close as that of close stance. Regarding the previous study, the most important factor of deciding Ball Quality is the club face angle's open and close state at Impact. In short, the Ball Quality and carry were decided by this factor.

Development of a Golf Putting Result Recording System Using USB Camera (USB 카메라를 이용한 골프 퍼팅 결과 기록 장치의 개발)

  • Kim, Hyung-Sik;Choi, Jin-Seung;Tack, Gye-Rae;Lim, Young-Tae;Yi, Jeong-Han
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.239-243
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    • 2010
  • The putting stroke accounts for 40~50% of total stroke for a golf rounding and most golfers have difficulties on the puting. Studies for the putting stroke have been conducted by analyzing various factors such as kinematics, kinetics, psychologic and physiologic parameters. A lot of devices were developed to support the studies. However there was no appropriate method to measure the position of the ball quantitatively. In this study, we developed a new measurement system to measure and evaluate the putting result. The developed system uses a USB camera to take the 2-dimensional image of the surface including the hole cup at the center of the image and the ball. The position of the ball is extracted as a set of distance and angle in polar coordinate system. We evaluated the new system with an indoor set-up for putting experiments and the system provided accurate measurement results. The proposed system can be combined with the other measurement systems such as 3D motion capture system and force plate without any restriction.

The Study of Golf Activities of the King Young Chin (영친왕의 골프활동에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Sang-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.986-995
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to find out about unknown golf activities through sociological analysis based on the relationship between King Youngchin's life in Japan and the people around him. The following conclusions were drawn. King Youngchin was influenced by the Japanese imperial family to learn golf for the first time in 1924, and participated in golf tournaments in 1925. In 1927, during a one-year European tour, he participated in golf games in Singapore, Paris, Switzerland, England, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Italy, as well as golf course tours, golf lessons, and visiting golf ball manufacturing factories. After returning from Europe, he provided support for the site of Gyeongseong Gunjari Golf Course, construction and operation expenses. However, he did not show any special golf activities during his life as a high class Japanese military officer, and after the Pacific War, he could not find any more golf activities due to social conditions and economic conditions such as wartime restoration. There were no more golf activities due to health problems from 1958.

Changes of Various Balls Velocity under the Different Surface Conditions after Impact (충돌 후 지면 조건에 따른 다양한 볼의 속도변화에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Jin
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.91-97
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of various balls velocity under the different surface conditions after impact. For this study, four different balls were used which are golf ball, tang-tang ball, table tennis ball, and iron ball. And two different types of ground conditions were used which are artificial grass green and glass green. Movements of putter head and ball were recorded with 2 HD video cameras(60 Hz, 1/500s shutter speed). Small size control object($18.5cm{\times}18.5cm{\times}78.5cm$) was used in this study. To transfer the same amount of kinetic energy to the ball, pendulum putting machine was used. Analyzing the process of impact and the ball movement, a putter was digitized the whole movement but the ball was digizited within the 50cm movement. Velocities were calculated by the first central difference method(Hamill & Knutzen, 1995). Putter head velocities were about 112.2cm/s-116.2cm/s at impact. Maximum ball velocities were appeared 0.08s-0.10s after impact no matter what the ground conditions are. Table tennis ball recorded higher ball velocities than the other ball velocities and iron ball recorded the lowest ball velocity in this group. But Table tennis ball was influenced with the frictional force and immediately was decreased at the artificial grass green condition. If an object is received the kinetic energy under the static condition(v=0cm/s), the object recorded the maximum velocity shortly after the impact and then decreased the velocity because of the frictional force. The ball distance from the start position to the peak velocity position is about 6cm-10cm under the 112.2cm/s-116.2cm/s putting velocity with putter. 0.25 seconds later after impact balls were placed 40cm distance from the original position except iron ball. In this study, ball moving distances were too short therefore it was not possible to investigate the reactions after the translational force is disappeared. Rotational force would play a major role at the end of the ball movement. Future study must accept two things. One is long distance movement of ball and the other is balanced ground. Three-piece ball is a good item to investigate the golf ball movement on the different surface conditions.

Does Acute A-tDCS (Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation) Improve Golf Performance of Professional Golfers?

  • Kyung YOO;Hwang-Woon MOON
    • Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: This study aims to verify the effectiveness of acute anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (A-tDCS) using Halo Sport headset device on golf performance in professional golfers. Research design, data, and methodology: Eight professional golfers who voluntary participated in high-level golf tournaments were recruited in this study. They attended one single-session intervention which was stimulated by Halo Sport headset device (n=8). The A-tDCS halo sport session lasted for 20 minutes and stimulated on the motor control area of the cortex (M1). Four golf swing performance tasks (driver, iron, 100-yard shot, 50-yard shot) were performed before and after halo intervention. Key indicators of golf swing performance (Club Speed, Face Angle, Ball Speed, Smash Factor, Spin Rate, Side, Carry, Total) were collected by Trackman launch monitor. Results: In Halo session, there were no found statistical significance in driver, iron and approach (100, 50 yards) after intervention (P<0.05). Even some of variables (face angle, smash factor, carry and total distance) in driver, distance accuracy of 100 yards and direction accuracy of 50 yards were slightly improved tendency, but it was not significant (P<0.05). Meanwhile, there was any enhance all of variables in iron. Conclusions: As a result, the current study concludes that the acute A-tDCS halo sport intervention has no effect on the positive golf performance improvement for professional players. Further implications were discussed.

A Study on Weight Transfer Sidehill Slopes during Goal Impact : Especially sidehill Slopes with ball above the feet (측면경사면에서의 목표 타격시 체중이동에 관한 연구 : 오르막경사를 중심으로)

  • Lee, Eui-Lin;Choi, Ji-Young
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.43-53
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    • 2006
  • Among several movements that occurred upon a slope, golf swing is the most typical one because environmental conditions dynamically vary with many kinds of slopes. Some studies on the golf swing were performed about a weight transfer on flatland, however, there couldn't be seen any study about the weight transfer on slope elsewhere. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide quantified data to objectively test the coaching words and keys about the weight transfer at sidehill slope during goal impact EspeciaIly sidehill Slopes with ball above the feet. Four highschool golfer, who have average handy 5, were recruited for this study. Plantar pressure distribution and cinematographic data were collected during golf swing in the conditions of flatland, $5^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$ and $15^{\circ}$sidehill slope simultaneously. The two data were used to synchronize the two data later. The plantar regions under the foot were divided into 8 regions according to the directly applied pressure pattern of the subject to insole sensor. The 8 foot regions were hullux, medial forefoot, central forefoot, lateral forefoot, medial midfoot, lateral midfoot, medial heel, and lateral heel. And the plantar pressure data was also divided into four movement address, phases-backswing. downswing, and follow-through phases according to the percentage shown to the visual information of film data. Based on the investigations on public golf books and experiences of golfers, it was hypothesized by the authors in the early of this study that the steeper slopes are, the more weight loads on left foot that positions at the higher place. When observing the results of plantar pressure and vertical force curves according to the sidehill slope conditions, the hypothesis could be accepted.

Comparison of Bentgrass Recovery Speed on Golf Green Followed by Methods of Ball Mark Repair Practise (골프장 그린의 볼마크 수리방법에 따른 벤트그래스의 회복속도 비교)

  • Park, Jong-Hwa;Lee, Jae-Phil;Kim, Doo-Hwan;Joo, Young-Kyoo
    • Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.211-217
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    • 2010
  • This study was conducted to investigate a proper method of ball mark repair by comparing the creeping bentgrass recovery speed on golf course green treated by various methods of ball mark repair. Nine general repairing methods were tested and compared; control (no repair, A type), two common methods of USGA (B type) and GCSAA (C type), three methods with fork shaped hand set performing at Korean golf courses (Ansung Benest, D; Sky72, E; Lakeside, F type), and three methods using the repair machine with 6, 8, or 14 teeth (G, H, I type, respectively). Three creeping bentgrass cultivar of 'Penncross', 'T-1', and 'CY-2' were tested in this field experiment. This test was carried out from September to November in 2009 at the nursery on the Seoul Lakeside Golf course. The average speed of turfgrass recovery after various ball mark repairing methods have been ranked as in the order of E, D, C, B, F, I, H, G, and A. The methods of hand practise showed more effective results than repair method using machines. The ball mark recovery speeds of 'Penncross' were in the order of E, D, B, C, F, I, H, and A. In the case of 'T1' and 'CY-2', similar orders were showed as D, E, B, F, C, H, I, A, G and the order of D, E, C, F, B, H, G, I, A, respectively. The ball mark recovery speed among creeping bentgrass cultivar resulted in the order of 'CY-2', 'Penncross', and 'T-1'. The most proper method of ball mark repair was repair method using a hand set tool especially the method of the Sky72 Golf course (E type). At the first, remove a damaged grass area with fork and tap. And then gather the side grasses into the center area with pulling the grasses with fork. After that, make harden and flat on the turf surface by pounding and rolling with the round wooden stick. The final Nstep, water the repaired grass surface. This ball mark repairing practise showed a most rapid and proper recovery method on creeping bentgrass green.

Implementation of golf simulator using low cost industrial camera (저가 산업용 카메라를 이용한 골프 시뮬레이터의 구현)

  • Kong, Kyung-Bae;Kwon, Jung-Jang
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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    • 2017.01a
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    • pp.5-6
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    • 2017
  • 본 논문에서는 초고속 카메라가 아닌 일반 산업용 카메라를 이용하여 기존의 초고속 카메라와 비슷한 성능을 가진 골프 시뮬레이터 시스템을 개발하였다. 골프공 인식 카메라의 특성에 관하여 분석하였고, 사용하는 조명의 특성을 비교하여 카메라특성에 맞는 할로겐 램프를 사용한 조명장치를 설계 제작하였다. 영상처리 알고리즘을 이용하여 공의 속도, 방향, 높이 및 스핀을 계산하여 모니터에 디스플레이 하였다. 또한 게임 프로그램적인 요소를 반영하여 실제 데모용 키오스크 시스템을 구현하였다.

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Investigation of a trajectory of a golf ball for Interactive 3D Golf Game (체감형 3D 골프 게임을 위한 공의 궤적 분석)

  • Ahn Sang-Hyuk;Kim Eun-Ju;Song Chang-Geun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2006.06b
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    • pp.88-90
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    • 2006
  • 체감형 가상현실 스크린 골프 게임 개발에 필요한 도구로 골프 공의 궤적과 속도를 실시간으로 표시하고 분석하는 시뮬레이터를 설계하고 구현하였다. 현실감 있는 골프 공의 움직임을 표현하려면 현실 세계와 동일한 물리 법칙을 적용하여 실시간으로 표현하고, 물리적인 요소들이 올바르게 적용되었는지 관찰하고 분석해야 할 필요성이 있다.

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Operation Case of Mechanical Engineering Subject Applying Systematic Engineering Design Approach: Design of Golf Ball Dispenser (체계적 공학설계 방법론을 적용한 기계공학 교과목 운영 사례: 골프공디스펜서 설계)

  • Ryu, Sun-Joong
    • Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.235-244
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    • 2022
  • In this study, a class operation case of an engineering design project targeting a golf ball dispenser, a commercial product, was presented. The project was carried out according to the systematic engineering design approach suggested by Kim Jong-won and W. Beitz. This method broadly divides engineering design into four stages: 'product planning → conceptual design → basic design → detailed design'. In particular, the conceptual design stage is divided into 'functional structure diagram → detailed working principle exploration → various design alternatives creation → optimal design selection'. In the conceptual design, the input/output of the golf ball dispenser was defined and a functional structure diagram was prepared for it. Through this process, it was possible to subdivide the functions of the product and to easily explore the working principle for each. The searched working principles are devised as various design alternatives by various combinations, and for each proposal, the advantages and disadvantages were compared with each other to derive the optimal design alternative. In the basic design, the prototype layout was completed through failure mode analysis and the actual prototype was manufactured using it. Through the entire process, students participating in the class will be able to design commercial products in a systematic way and experience manufacturing prototypes within the department of mechanical engineering curriculum.