• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2006

The stage for Tadao Ando's architectural works is not only in Japan but extends to many countries around the world. His creations are not limited to the world of architecture, but are widely acclaimed supported by public people as well. Why Tadao Ando's works are acknowledged and acclaimed so extensively? Japanese traditional elements used in the his works makes it so. Tadao Ando argued intuition and insanity which were deprived by modernism could recover with locality and it's historic elements laid importance to the self. To realize that, it is necessary the regeneration of landscape which was based on the site and self-reflection must accomplished with the nature. So as to regeneration of landscape, he used Japanese Landscape-gardening and make the nature condensed. With the su-ki, he made the architectural elements simple. And with the Japanese detoured circulation, he made deep and various space. In that way, he intended the nature which is changed with his idea experienced the way of yu-gen.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2020

The Chinese Architect Wangshu, who won the Pritzker Architecture Prize at 2012, is the first and only winner in China. This study focused on the expression of his unique architectural ideas. Especially with a high interest in Chinese traditional calligraphy and landscape painting, Wangshu tried to use its traditional features to form his own architectural way. First this study looked at the features of calligraphy and landscape painting. Second this research studied the expression of Wangshu's architectural practice in calligraphy's way. Lastly this study furthered study of Wangshu's architecture combined with landscape paintings' features. The results state these following. 1) For calligraphy, he used the "modular composition" of Chinese characters to architectural composition, which included architectural form and materials. The "similarities" and "space creation" of calligraphy are respectively applied to architectural spatial details and site planning. 2) For landscape painting, Wangshu borrows its elements to compose his architecture with "gardening consciousness". The "view method" of paintings was used to his architectural pedestrian flows, and Wangshu also based on the "space creation" of landscape painting to do architectural space design with creating the similar atmosphere.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.54-65
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• 2007

There is little research on the exterior spaces or gardens of single detached urban dwellings in Korea because apartments are the general housing type of most inhabitants. However there is an increasing demand for idyllic houses in the urban fringe and for environmentally friendly dwellings or healthy houses that is represented in urban residents gardening activities. The purpose of this research is to analyze residents' preferences and problems in gardening and management of single detached urban dwellings, and to evaluate the possibility of gardens as biotopes. It also addresses the issue of providing public amenities in the urban landscape. One hundred thirty-six dwellings were selected in residential areas of the city of Gwangju. The layout and plant composition, residents' evaluation and understanding of their own gardens, and maintenance and management were investigated. The results indicated that residents associate gardening with mental health and recognized a lack of space as one environmental restriction. Watering was seen as a primary difficulty for maintaining gardens. This research suggests that providing space for gardening could be a tool for participatory community making. When considering the important aspects of gardening, residents responded that gardens offer naturalness, scenic beauty, and practicality and also felt that gardens provide a buffer from environmental pollution and relief from mental duress. Results from the factor analysis using 15 semantic differential variables showed that 'spatial openness', 'natural variety' and 'familiarity' were representative factors. Although a garden is mainly considered as a space for the appreciation of nature with plant material, our results suggest that meaning and environmental symbolism are important elements.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.999-1004
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• 2024

실내 식물의 긍정적인 효과에 관한 연구가 우리나라뿐만 아니라 전 세계에서 진행되고 있다. 우리나라 정부는 실내 식물의 긍정적인 효과를 인정하고 독거노인이나 환자에게 보급하는 정책을 실행하였다. 그러나 식물을 잘 키우고 유지하는 것은 바쁜 현대인들에게 쉽지 않은 일이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 두 가지의 아날로그 센서와 세 가지의 인터페이스 회로를 이용하여 실내 전용 미니 스마트 재배 시스템을 설계하였다. 특히 식물에 가장 중요한 영양소인 물, 빛, 온도, 습도를 자동으로 제어하여 사람의 도움 없이도 식물이 잘 성장할 수 있도록 구성되었다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.333-340
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• 2019

This study was conducted to find out the effects of plant cultivation activities in the village gardening program hosted by Gyeonggi-do on the psychology and physiology of participants. This study conducted a survey on 20 villagers aged 57.70±9.23 on average and collected their saliva before Session 1 and after the final Session 10. The experiment was conducted by carrying out the village gardening program once a week for total 10 weeks. Psychological assessment was conducted by measuring the level of plant cultivation experience, four elements (repose, fascination, coherence, legibility) of the Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS) and stress levels, and also conducting the Wilcoxon paired signed ranks test. As the result of comparatively analyzing the saliva collected before and after the program, the total cortisol level, which is a stress hormone, decreased with statistical significance after the program (t=14.521, p<.001). The level of plant cultivation activities increased with statistical significance after the program, and the PRS increased with statistical significance in the three elements of repose, fascination and legibility excluding coherence. In addition, as the result of examining the change in the stress level of participants with the sum of all item scores, it was found that the stress level decreased with statistical significance (p<.05) from 17.65 points to 15.30 points after the program. Hence, plant cultivation activities in the village community have positive effects such as attention restoration or stress relief. In addition, the activities can also contribute to mental connection and healthcare of residents.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2006

In this Study, it was investigated what the critical elements of the Architectural Review by the Seoul Building Design Committee were. The critical elements selected by the members of committee were systematically analyzed. They were based on the 169 cases reviewed by the Building Design Committee. The committee consists of Professors, famous architects, architectural experts and official members. Thus, the critical elements selected by the committee can be regarded as the important criteria for the forthcoming architectural reviewing process. The critical elements selected by 960 members of the committee were classified by the frequency. The results in this study showed that the critical elements were ordered as follows: (1)floor plan, (2)landscape gardening, (3)form, (4)open space, (5)structure, (6)plan for preventing disasters, (7)circulation for men and cars, (8)facilities, (9)parking, (10)revision of drawings and documents. These criteria of the architectural evaluation established by the Seoul Building Design Committee can be applied to the fundamental preparation of the architectural review.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2021

Background and objective: This study was conducted to obtain empirical data for deriving necessary items for the creation and management of gardens in urban agricultural parks while maintaining the publicness of the place by examining the difference in perception among park visitors about the gardens in the public parks. Methods: A survey was conducted on users of urban agricultural parks in 6 locations and 113 copies of the questionnaire were collected. After understanding the demographic characteristics and the current use of the garden, we identified the importance of the necessary items for the public gardens. Results: 108 subjects(95.6%) responded that gardens are needed in urban parks, for psychological and emotional health (26.2%) and for interaction and friendship with family and neighbors(23.2%). For use of garden crops, most were private sales(96 subjects, 64.4%), and both sales preferred to partially donate their crops. Most used communal gardens operated by public institutions(30.1%). It was found that 96.4% of the respondents were satisfied with gardening activities, and 107(94.7%) of them showed their intention to participate in the gardening in the future. The Kaiser Meyer Olkin value was .848 and the significance level was .001, proving the validity of factor analysis. The factors were named composition elements(Factor 1), management items(Factor 2), convenience elements(Factor 3), and operational facilities(Factor 4). In the survey on the creation and management of gardens in urban agricultural parks, there were no statistically significant differences, but all items had correlations. Conclusion: The results have reflected the needs of actual users in establishing the plans to operate urban gardens, thereby having great utility value as the basic data for continuous garden management. Further research can be conducted to derive detailed elements that can guarantee sustainability of urban gardens and suggest high-quality data for management of gardens in urban agricultural parks.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.36-48
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• 2018

본 연구는 학교 텃밭의 양적인 확대뿐만 아니라, 지속적인 운영 방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 서울시내 599개 초등학교를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시한 결과, 설문조사에 응답한 161개 학교 모두가 학교 텃밭을 조성 운영하고 있었다. 서울시 초 중 고 포함 학교 텃밭 면적은 $166,901m^2$, 평균 $131.2m^2$이고, 설문조사에 응답한 161개교의 학교 텃밭 면적은 $65,493m^2$, 평균 $363m^2$, 학생 1인당 $1.15m^2$로 조사되었다. 학교 자체적으로 조성 운영하는 경우는 11.8%, 학교 자체적으로 조성하여 운영하다가 기관 지원 사업을 통해 재조성 혹은 환경개선을 하여 운영하는 경우가 50.3%로 조사되었다. 학교 텃밭은 조성위치에 따라 혼합형(교내 텃밭과 상자텃밭 조합)이 34.8%로 많았고, 교내 텃밭형이 32.9%, 상자 텃밭형이 29.2%, 교외 근린텃밭을 활용하는 교외 텃밭형 학교도 3.1%였다. 텃밭 운영 담당자는 담당교사가 51.6%로 가장 높았으며, 텃밭 조성 시에 함께 조성된 시설물은 소형 온실 농기구 보관함이 26.1%로 가장 많았으나, 별도의 기반시설이 함께 조성되지 않은 경우도 21.7%였다. 텃밭 운영에 있어서 어려운 점은 텃밭 관리가 34.2%로 가장 높았고, 텃밭의 지속적 운영을 위해 가장 필요한 요소로 물리적 환경 개선과 유급관리인 고용이 필요하다는 의견이 각 32%로 높게 조사되었다. 학교 텃밭 조성목적은 교육환경 조성(81.6%)이 가장 높았으며, 텃밭관리에 필요한 정보는 주로 주변 자문(67.8%)을 통해서 얻고 있었다. 텃밭에서 발생하는 식물쓰레기를 친환경적으로 퇴비화하는 학교는 45.8%였다. 학교 텃밭의 교육적 활용이 학생들에게 미치는 영향에 대해서는 매우 효과적이라는 응답이 63.2%, 효과적이라는 응답이 36.8%로 조사대상 학교 전체가 긍정적인 응답을 하였다. 본 연구는 서울지역 초등학교를 대상으로 텃밭 운영 실태를 파악하고, 지속적인 운영방안으로 학교 실정에 맞는 텃밭조성 지원, 양질의 교육프로그램적용 및 교구개발, 담당교사 직무연수 확대, 전문 강사 지원방법 모색, 텃밭관리조직 운영의 필요성을 제안하는데 의의가 있다고 생각된다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제34권
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• pp.60-79
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• 2001

We can infer from collections of prose in Cho-sun period that the main period is from King Se-jong's reign to King Yoeng-jo's or between the 15th and the 17th century. The ideological background and the dignity of the rock garden is derived from Taoist hermitism and Nitze and Jeng-je's quietism. The representation of the rock garden as tri-god mountain comprising Bong-lai, Bang-jang and Young-ju is based on the tradition of making the tripartite rock garden in a pond practiced in the three north-eastern countries, Korea, China and Japan. And it's the representation of quietistic world of eternal life that had been sought by the taoism. Making a pond in which they plant lotus and made rock garden. they enjoyed watching immaculately pure lotus flower bloom even in the mud. It is compared to the confucians' seeking for virtue even in the profane or defiled world. Another motive of intellectuals to make rock gardens is their love of nature and its landscapes and their preference of recluse and temperate life to attaching to high public office, which was the tendency of the learned, established by the influence of taoist and quietist tradition. The essays portray the fountain water, ponds, waterfalls. the hilltops, the mountain pass over the ridge. winded lanes, valleys, caverns, and other architectural elements. The technic of building rock gardens includes those of harmonizing each elements of landscapes in the water, that of irrigation, building formation, and those of piling up the mountains and hills. With some comments on planting trees, grass and flowers. The original location of rock garden, esp. in case of taoist Chae-su's rock garden with waterfalls, is Ian-ri, Ian-myon in the city Sang-ju. Since no relics of rock gardens are to be found in any examples of Korea's traditional gardening, the study of rock gardening by analyzing the prose collections of Cho-sun period can be significant for the study of designing water space that has been considered the center of a garden space.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.28-37
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• 2011

안평대군(1416-1453)의 비해당 원림을 대상으로 집현전 학사들이 차운한 연작시 '비해당사십팔영'의 경관 어휘소를 분석하여 조선 전기 사대부정원에 담긴 의미경관 및 정원문화를 해석한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 안평대군이 인왕산 기슭에 비해당 원림을 가꾸면서 제영한 '사십팔영'의 소표제는 동식물의 태생과 형태, 시간과 공간, 그리고 의미와 상징성 등을 음양의 접합과 같이 대비적으로 연작하는 규범성을 보여주고 있으며, 경물 중 38개는 식물소재를, 8개는 점경물과 동물을 대상으로 하고 있다. 둘째, 정원 명칭을 원림(園林), 정제(庭除), 임천(林泉), 화원(花園)등으로, 뜰의 밀도와 위치에 따라 공정(空庭)과 만원(滿園), 중정(中庭)과 후원(後園), 원락(院落: 안뜰)과 별원(別院) 등으로 세분하여 표현하고 있다. 한편, 누정과 수경시설은 물론 디딤돌과 계단, 그늘시렁, 평상, 화분, 석가산, 괴석, 우물, 롱(籠)(새장), 꽃밭(오(塢)), 생울타리 등이 작정 소재로 다양하게 도입되고 있으며, 뜰 관리자를 사화(司花), 정원수 심기와 가꾸기를 재배(栽培), 연못 속 섬을 부구(浮丘), 축소 경관을 조성하는 축지(縮地) 등의 명칭을 사용하였다. 셋째, 바깥뜰에는 버드나무를 심었고, 서재 앞에 매화를 심어 대나무숲길로 이어지게 했으며, 화원을 만들어 작약, 동백, 모란, 배롱나무 등을 심었다. 점경물로는 이끼 낀 괴석, 작은 석가산, 유리석과 화분을 두었고, 장방형 연못을 조성했으며, 뜰에는 사슴, 꽃 비둘기, 금계, 학 등을 사육했다. 넷째, 경물을 상징화하여 (1) 군자와 절개, (2) 부귀영화, (3) 신선 풍류, (4) 은일과 은둔, (5) 기타 효행과 덕, 성찰 등 의미경관을 취했다. 즉, 기화이초와 진금기수가 어우러진 원림을 조성하여 격물치지의 교훈, 은일과 은둔문화의 대입, 불로장생과 무릉도원을 염원하는 선경처의 구축 성향 등 의미경관 요소가 다양하게 표출되고 있다. 다섯째, 경관을 취하는 기법으로 앙경(仰景)과 부경(俯景) 그리고 저경(低景), 외부경관의 차경, 꽃을 그윽하게 바라보며 의미경관을 즐기고 (유경(幽景)), 꽃구경의 흥취를 돋우며 노닐 수 있는 요정(遼庭), 꽃가꾸기 취미인 화색향벽(花色香僻) 등이 발견되고, 사계절과 시간에 따라 감흥을 달리하며 즐기는 시어가 추출된다.