• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.170-177
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• 2010

Bacillus licheniformis N1, previously developed as a biofungicide formulation N1E to control gray mold disease of plants, was investigated to study the bacterial traits that may be involved in its biological control activity. Two N1E based formulations, bacterial cell based formulation PN1E and culture supernatant based formulation SN1E, were evaluated for disease control activity against gray mold disease of tomato and strawberry plants. Neither PN1E nor SN1E was as effective as the original formulation N1E. Fractionation of antifungal compounds from the bacterial culture supernatant of B. licheniformis N1 indicated that two different cyclic lipopeptides were responsible for the antimicrobial activity of the N1 strain. These two purified compounds were identified as iturin A and surfactin by HPLC and LCMS. The purified lipopeptides were evaluated for plant disease control activity against seven plant diseases. Crude extracts and purified compounds applied at 500 ${\mu}g/ml$ concentration controlled tomato gray mold, tomato late blight and pepper anthracnose effectively with over 70% disease control value. While iturin showed broad spectrum activity against all tested plant diseases, the control activity by surfactin was limited to tomato gray mold, tomato late blight, and pepper anthracnose. Although antifungal compounds from B. licheniformis N1 exhibited disease control activity, our results suggested that bacterial cells present in the N1E formulation also contribute to the disease control activity together with the antifungal compounds.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.439-446
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• 2020

Purpose: The evidence for an association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and obesity is conflicting. Therefore, we set out to review the body mass index (BMI) at presentation of IBD to understand if the rise of the obesity rate in the general population, lead to an increase of obesity in patients with IBD at the time of diagnosis. Methods: Retrospective review of all patients with IBD seen at Children's Hospital and Medical Center from January 1st 2010 to December 31st 2014. From the initial visit and endoscopy, we obtained: age; sex; BMI; disease phenotype; disease severity. Results: We had a total of 95 patients, 35 patients were excluded due to incomplete data or referral being made after diagnosis was made. 28 were males and 32 were females, Age range was 2-17 years. A 37 had Crohn's disease, 19 ulcerative colitis, and 4 indeterminate colitis. Disease severity in 19 cases was mild, 29 moderate and 12 severe. BMI distribution was as follows-obese (5.0%), overweight (6.7%), normal weight (65.0%), mild malnutrition (8.3%), moderate malnutrition (15.0%), severe malnutrition (1.7%). Conclusion: Our data is consistent with other series. Showing most children had a normal BMI, regardless of disease severity or phenotypes. One confounding factor is the possibility of delay in referral to GI. This could mean some obese children may fall in the normal BMI range at the time of diagnosis due to ongoing weight loss. Future studies should include prospective cohort studies, comparing incidence of IBD in obese and non-obese patients, severity at presentation, duration of symptoms, and clinical outcomes.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.114-120
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• 2011

Chronic inflammation has been implicated as one of the important etiological factors in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To investigate the role of anti-inflammatory cytokines in the development of T2DM, we conducted a case-control study to assess the association between IL4/IL4R polymorphisms and disease risk. We firstly identified single nucleotide poly-morphisms (SNP) at IL4 and IL4RA loci by sequencing the loci in Korean participants. Case-control studies were conducted by genotyping the SNPs in 474 T2DM cases and 470 non-diabetic controls recruited from community-based cohorts. Replication of the associated signals was performed in 1,216 cases and 1,352 controls. We assessed effect of IL4 -IL4RA interaction on T2DM using logistic regression method. The functional relevance of the SNP associated with disease risk was determined using a reporter expression assay. We identified a strong association between the IL4 promoter variant rs2243250 and T2DM risk (OR=0.77; 95% CI, 0.67~0.88; p=$1.65{\times}10^{－4}$ in the meta-analysis). The reporter gene expression assay demonstrated that the presence of rs2243250 might affect the gene expression level with ~1.5-fold allele difference. Our findings contribute to the identification of IL4 as a T2D susceptibility locus, further supporting the role of anti-inflammatory cytokines in T2DM disease development.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2017.01a
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• pp.263-265
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 대사증후군관련 의료 빅데이터 표준화 시스템의 환경과 소프트웨어 환경을 설계한 사항에 대해서 기술한다. 이를 위해 임상데이터를 기반으로 의료 빅데이터를 수집하고 국제 표준화인 공통 데이터 모델로 수집된 데이터를 ETL하여 통합 데이터베이스에 저장하였다. 본 연구를 통해 구축된 의료 빅데이터 표준화 시스템은 향후 의사결정 보조시스템 개발과 연계하여 효과적인 검색과 다양한 통계 분석을 지원할 계획이다. 또한 병원의 다양한 임상 연구를 지원하기 위한 주요 시스템으로 자리매김할 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2012

Pompe disease is a rare lysosomal glycogen storage disorder caused by a total or partial deficiency of the acid ${\alpha}$-glucosidase (GAA) enzyme due to the GAA gene mutations. The classic infantile form of Pompe disease is a rapidly progressive multi-organ disease with hypotonia, generalized muscle weakness, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, usually leading to death in the first 2 years of life. Enzyme replacement therapy with recombinant human GAA has been shown to be effective and subsequently yielded promising results. Here, we present clinical and genetic characteristics of three Korean non-classic infantile Pompe patients, and the short term efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy. Considering that enzyme replacement therapy can change the natural course of infantile Pompe disease, early diagnosis and early initiation of treatment is critical to improving patient outcomes.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-58
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• 2009

1. The rapid increasing elderly population represents a significant increase in the population with dementia. So, studies on the method for the prevention of dementia are necessary. 2. In oriental medicine, the causes of dementia are based on the deficiency of Jeong(精;essence of the body), the lack of bone marrow, and abnormal brain function. Emotional stress, bad habits of lifestyle including eating habits are also responsible for dementia. They causes dementia by blocking the circulation of Gi(氣) such as Suseunghwagang(水升火降;ascending kidney water and descending heart fire) and suppressing the function of Danjeon(丹田; the hypogastric center). 3. Gochi(叩齒) is a sort of mastication that facilitate salivation and secretion of parotin, next step is swallowing saliva. These supplement Jeong(精) of the five viscera and the six entrails(五臟六腑), promote Suseunghwagang(水升火降), and advance the function of the hypogastric center (丹田) and activate the brain. 4. So this paper draw a conclusion that Gochi(叩齒) is negatively related to the causes of dementia and it will be useful in preventing dementia.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.105-123
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• 1989

Yuk Gi (六氣) in oriental medicine have influence on the body and, the body which adapt itself to the change of Yuk Gi, can maintain the activity of life, so five vital organs of the body have relation to Yuk Gi. The relation between Lung and Jo (燥) is well described from Whang Jae Nai Kyung (黃帝內經), the oldest book in oriental medicine, to the old books of Chung (淸) dynasty and modern documents. By the way, when autumn has come and the environment become dry, clear and mild ability of lung is losed. It's because dryness evil (燥邪) occured the trouble of Lung. The following results were obtained according to these facts which is considreed peviodically and bibliographically. 1. According to flourishing the functional activities of dryness (燥氣), as reducing the functional activities of water (水氣) of upper portion of the body cavity (上焦), Kidny Water (腎水) is not nutrited and Fire-Heat (火熱) is activiting, which is evoking the disease of Lung. 2. In the disease of Lung, there are many diseases because of dryness evil (燥邪), thinking that, which methods of treatment are the principal one of 'Clear up the lung and moisten dryness (淸肺潤煥)'. I found that Lung and Jo (燥) have the relation of intimacy. 3. Creating the vital essence of the kidney (腎水) to the functional activities of the lung (肺氣) is in prosperous condition, the functional activities of fire (火氣) stabilize the function of Lung become normal condition which wear said in the literary.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.178-184
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• 2013

Purpose: The clinical presentations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) prior to diagnosis are so diverse or vague that many of them waste time before final diagnosis. This study was undertaken to know the medical history of the pediatric patients until the final diagnosis could be reached. Methods: The medical records of all pediatric patients who were diagnosed with IBD (Crohn's disease [CD] in 14 children, ulcerative colitis [UC] in 17) during the last 13 years were reviewed. We investigated the length of the diagnostic time lag, chief clinical presentation, and any useful laboratory predictor among the routinely performed examinations. Indeterminate colitis was not included. Results: The mean ages of children at the final diagnosis was similar in both diseases. As for the pre-clinical past history of bowel symptoms in CD patients, 5 were previously healthy, 9 had had 1-3 gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, weight loss, bloody stool, anemia and rectal prolapse. With UC, 9 were previously healthy, 8 had had 1-3 GI symptoms, bloody stool, anorexia. The average diagnostic time lag with CD was 3.36 months, and with UC 2.2 months. Body mass index (BMI) and the initial basic laboratory data (white blood cell, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, serum albumin, and serum total protein) were lower in CD, statistically significant only in BMI. Conclusion: IBD shows diverse clinical symptoms before its classical features, making the patients waste time until diagnosis. It is important to concern possibility of IBD even in the mildly sick children who do not show the characteristic symptoms of IBD.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.41.1-41.15
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• 2022

Background: Proliferative enteritis caused by Lawsonia intracellularis undermines the economic stability of the swine industry worldwide. The development of cost-effective animal models to study the pathophysiology of the disease will help develop strategies to counter this bacterium. Objectives: This study focused on establishing a model of gastrointestinal (GI) infection of L. intracellularis in C57BL/6 mice to evaluate the disease progression and lesions of proliferative enteropathy (PE) in murine GI tissue. Methods: We assessed the murine mucosal and cell-mediated immune responses generated in response to inoculation with L. intracellularis. Results: The mice developed characteristic lesions of the disease and shed L. intracellularis in the feces following oral inoculation with 5 × 10⁷ bacteria. An increase in L. intracellularis 16s rRNA and groEL copies in the intestine of infected mice indicated intestinal dissemination of the bacteria. The C57BL/6 mice appeared capable of modulating humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to L. intracellularis infection. Notably, the expression of genes for the vitamin B12 receptor and for secreted and membrane-bound mucins were downregulated in L. intracellularis -infected mice. Furthermore, L. intracellularis colonization of the mouse intestine was confirmed by the immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses. Conclusions: This is the first study demonstrating the contributions of bacterial chaperonin and host nutrient genes to PE using an immunocompetent mouse model. This mouse infection model may serve as a platform from which to study L. intracellularis infection and develop potential vaccination and therapeutic strategies to treat PE.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.204-208
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• 2005

Kohler's disease is an uncommon idiopathic osteochondrosis of the tarsal navicular. The diagnosis is clinical and the natural history is benign. The treatment is symptomatic, including shoe supports when the symptoms are mild and initial cast immobilization for at least 8 weeks when the symptoms are more intensive. The final clinical outcome is always favorable. Although it has been fully described both clinically and radiologically, There have been a few long-term follow-up reports in worldwide. This case report presents a Kohler's disease of the tarsal navicular with long-term follow-up of 12 years.