• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.359-365
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the contents of sugars and ${\alpha}$-amylase and ${\beta}$-amylase activities in 98 specimen with enzyme foods and enzyme-shaped foods (the other processed foods, beverage bases, fermented drinks, liquid teas). The ${\alpha}$-amylase activity in enzyme foods and the other processed foods were ranged 4.9~53,854.6 U/g and 2.9~1,182.7 U/g, respectively, there was a big difference in the same type. The ${\alpha}$-amylase activity of the fermented products (beverage bases, fermented drinks, liquid teas) were ranged 0.1~1.7 U/g. The average of ${\beta}$-amylase activity in enzyme foods, the other processed foods, the fermented products were found 126.0 U/g, 5.6 U/g and 10.5 U/g, respectively, enzyme-shaped foods were a lot lower than enzyme foods. Total contents of sugars were average 22.4 g/100 g in enzyme foods, 14.8 g/100 g in the other processed foods, 46.9 g/100 g in beverage bases, 41.1 g/100 g in fermented drinks, 39.5 g/100 g in liquid teas, total contents of sugars appeared high amount in the fermented products. Correlations between ${\alpha}$-amylase activity and lactose content was statistically significant in enzyme foods (r = 0.644) and it was strong in the other processed foods (r = 0.903). Correlations between ${\beta}$-amylase activity and lactose content was statistically significant in enzyme foods (r = 0.648) and it was strong in the other processed foods (r = 0.757). There was a significant relationship between ${\alpha}$-amylase and ${\beta}$-amylase activities in enzyme foods and the other processed foods (r = 0.869, r = 0.760). That is, it was found that also the proportional relationship established among the ${\alpha}$-amylase activity, ${\beta}$-amylase activity.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.104-110
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• 2013

Dried leaves of Raphanus sativus L. and Angelica keiskei L. extracts have strong antioxidant potential and in consequence profound effects on ulcerative colitis. Present study was conducted to explore the effect of diet mixtures containing dried leaves of Raphanus sativus and Angelica keiskei powder on ulcerative colitis in mice and antioxidant potential of radish green and Angelica extracts as well. Both dried leaves of Raphanus sativus and Angelica keiskei extracts exhibited higher antioxidant activity due to the presence of polyphenols, favonoids and antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD). Analyzed data indicate that Angelica keiskei extract had higher polyphenol and flavonoid contents compared with radish green, while maximum SOD activity was noted in dried leaves of Raphanus sativus extract Likewise, higher antioxidant ($348.72{\pm}31.65{\mu}g/mL$) and $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging (17%) activities were noted in dried leaves of Raphanus sativus extract compared with Angelica keiskei.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.169-176
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• 2017

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is caused by chronic lipid accumulation due to dysregulation of lipid metabolism in the liver, and it is associated with various human diseases such as obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Histone acetylation is a representative epigenetic mechanism regulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and deacetylases. We observed that tartary buckwheat sprout (TBS) suppressed lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells through its anti-HAT activity. We showed that TBS was a novel HAT inhibitor with specificity for the major HAT enzyme p300. Importantly, TBS reduced acetylation of total and histone proteins, H3K9, H3K36, and H4K8, resulting in decreased transcriptional activities of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, ATP citrate lyase, and fatty acid synthase. These results suggest that TBS inhibits the NAFLD transcription-modulating activity of lipogenesis-related genes through modification of histone acetylation.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.173-180
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• 2005

This study was conducted of Korean native plants to screen herbicidal activity which could be used for the development of new natural herbicides. Eighty-one plants were collected from Wan and Juju islands in Korea and their methanol extracts were obtained. Heibicidal activities of the methanol extracts were determined by seed bioassay using rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) seedlings. Among eighty-one species, eleven plants were highly herbicidal ($GR_{50}$ < 1,000 ${\mu}g\;g^{-1}$): Abies koreana WILS., Anthemis nobilis L., Callicarpa mollis SIEB. et ZUCC., Cirsium setidens, Euonymus maackii RUPR., Euphorbia jolkini BOISS., Kadsura japonica DUNAL, Paeonia aliflora Pall var. tricocarpa BUNGE, Philadelphus tenuifolius RUPR. et MAXIM., Sapium sebiferum, Vicia angustifolia var. segetilis K. KOCH. Fifty plants were shown moderate herbicidal activity (1,000 ${\mu}g\;g^{-1}$ < $GR_{50}$ < 2,000 ${\mu}g\;g^{-1}$), however, twenty plants were not shown any herbicidal activity.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.185-190
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• 2017

Antioxidative ability of 50% ethanol extract from leaves of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit was investigated. The extraction yield, total polyphenols and total flavonoids of the ethanol extract were $18.3{\pm}0.40%$, $121.3{\pm}11.04{\mu}g$ gallic acid equivalents/mg and $105.2{\pm}2.77{\mu}g$ quercetin equivalents/mg, respectively. The ethanol extract possessed the antioxidative activities such as free radical, cation radical, and nitrite scavenging activities as well as reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity. These antioxidative activities of the ethanol extract increased in proportion to the extract concentration. $EC_{50}$ values for free radical scavenging, cation radical scavenging nitrite scavenging, and reducing power were $133.51{\mu}g/mL$, $667.22{\mu}g/mL$, 2.58 mg/mL, and $250.00{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Polyphenols and flavonoids are suggested to be the key contributors for the antioxidative ability of the ethanol extract from Leucaena leucocephala leaves.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.225-229
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• 2006

This study was conducted to screen herbicidal activity of Korean native plants which could be used for the development of new natural herbicides. Fifty-five plants were collected from Wan and Jeju islands in Korea and their methanol extracts were obtained. Herbicidal activity of methanol extracts were determined by seed bioassay using rape (Brassica napus L.) seedlings. Among fifty-five species, five plants were highly herbicidal ($GR_{50}$ < 1,000 ${\mu}g\;g^{-1}$): Clematis apiifolia A. P. DC.; (811 ${\mu}g\;g^{-1}$), Euscaphis japonica (THUNB.) KANITZ (867 ${\mu}g\;g^{-1}$), Hibiscus mutabilis L. (988 ${\mu}g\;g^{-1}$), Phyllostachys pubescens MAZEL (778 ${\mu}g\;g^{-1}$), Yucca recurvifolia (857 ${\mu}g\;g^{-1}$). Twenty-seven plants were shown moderately herbicidal (1,000 < $GR_{50}$ < 2,000 ${\mu}g\;g^{-1}$), however, twenty-three plants were not shown any herbicidal activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.1157-1164
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• 2015

The present investigation evaluated the antioxidant activities of water extracts from dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) aerial parts, roots, and mixed extracts. Mixed extract of T. officinale was a mixture of aerial parts and roots at 9:1 and 8:2 weight ratios. Extracts from aerial parts (DAE), roots (DRE), and mixture of aerial parts and roots (DME) were measured for cell viability and catalase activity in HepG2 cells, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity. Cell viabilities of HepG2 cells treated with DAE, DRE, DME 8:2, and DME 9:1 against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative damage were 63.4%, 54.6%, 76.7% and 83.4% at a concentration of $400{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Catalase activity was highest in DME 9:1 (12.2 mU/min/mg protein) compared with DAE (9.0 mU/min/mg protein) and DRE (9.7 mU/min/mg protein). DPPH radical scavenging activity of DME showed a significantly lower $EC_{50}$ value than DAE ($EC_{50}$ value of DME $9:1=163.3{\mu}g/mL$, DME $8:2=172.4{\mu}g/mL$, and $DAE=173.7{\mu}g/mL$). Lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity of DME showed a significantly lower $EC_{50}$ value than DAE [$EC_{50}$ values of DME $(9:1)=454.4{\mu}g/mL$, DME $(8:2)=426.6{\mu}g/mL$, and $DAE=654.7{\mu}g/mL$]. The results indicate that a small amount of T. officinale roots increased antioxidant activity of aerial parts. Especially, a 9:1 mixture was more valuable than 8:2 mixture for industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.781-789
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• 2011

We studied the biological activities, including antioxidant compounds, antioxidant activities, anti-proliferative activities, and immunological activities of brown rice and germinated brown rice. We examined the DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and reducing power of 70% ethanol extracts from some cultivars of brown rice and germinated brown rice. The total polyphenol, total flavonoid, and ${\gamma}$-oryzanol contents of the extracts were measured with spectrophotometric methods. The Hongjinjubeyo brown rice and germinated brown rice extracts showed markedly higher antioxidative activity than those of 70% ethanol extracts from other cultivars. The 70% ethanol extracts from brown rice and germinated brown rice had the most effective anti-proliferative activity (cytotoxicity) against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) compared to colorectal cancer cells (HCT-116). A $500\;{\mu}g$/mL concentration of 70% Hongjinjubyeo ethanol extract had higher macrophage and mitogenic activities of immunological activity than other cultivars.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.401-408
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• 2008

Adsorption performance of sulfonamide antibiotic compounds such as sulfadimethoxine(SDM), sulfachloropyridazine(SCP), sulfamethazine(SMT), sulfathiazole(STZ) and sulfamethoxazole(SMX) on granular activated carbon(GAC) was evaluated in this study. The coal-based activated carbon was found to be more effective than other carbons in adsorption of sulfonamide antibiotic compounds. The wood-based activated carbon was less effective than coconut- and coal-based carbon in adsorption nevertheless having larger pore volume and specific surface area than others carbons. The maximum adsorption capacities(X/M) of coal-based activated carbon for the five sulfonamide species was 1.3$\sim$1.5 and 1.8$\sim$2.1 times larger than coconut- and wood-based activated carbon, respectively. Carbon usage rates (CUR) of coal-, coconut- and wood-based activated carbons for SCP were 3.55 g/day, 4.29 g/day and 6.47 g/day, respectively. Similar results were obtained in the adsorption of the rest four sulfonamide species. It is concluded that coal-based activated carbon could removed the sulfonamide antibiotic compounds better than other material-based activated carbons.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1393-1400
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• 2011

We investigated the mineral content and antioxidant activity of Portulaca oleracea for biological properties. Total mineral content was 6025.80 mg/100 g, and potassium was the highest at 3846.99 mg/100 g. Water and 80% ethanol extract yields were 14.84% and 24.93%, respectively. The contents of phenolic compounds and flavonoids of ethanol extract were 58.16 mg/g and 20.08 mg/g, and were significantly higher than that of its water extract (49.09 mg/g and 14.98 mg/g, respecitvely). Antioxidant activities and nitrite scavenging activity was significantly elevated in a dose-dependent manner, and that of ethanol extract was higher than that of the water extract. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibition activity of ethanol extract was significantly higher than the water extract as well. We suggest that the biological properties of Portulaca oleracea are due to its mineral and phenolic contents.