• 제목/요약/키워드: Fusarium graminearum

검색결과 114건 처리시간 0.023초

Characterization of the Four GH12 Endoxylanases from the Plant Pathogen Fusarium graminearum

  • Habrylo, Olivier;Song, Xinghan;Forster, Anne;Jeltsch, Jean-Marc;Phalip, Vincent
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • 제22권8호
    • /
    • pp.1118-1126
    • /
    • 2012
  • Four putative GH12 genes were found in the Fusarium graminearum genome. The corresponding proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and evaluated. FGSG_05851 and FGSG_11037 displayed high activities towards xyloglucan ($V_{max}$ of 4 and $11{\mu}mol/min$, respectively), whereas FGSG_07892 and FGSG_16349 were much less active with this substrate (0.081 and $0.004{\mu}mol/min$, respectively). However, all four of these enzymes had a similar binding affinity for xyloglucan. Xyloglucan was the substrate preferred by FGSG_05851, in contrast to the three other enzymes, which preferred ${\beta}$-glucan or lichenan. Therefore, FGSG_05851 is a xyloglucan-specific glucanase (E.C. 3.2.1.151) rather than an endoglucanase (E.C. 3.2.1.4) with broad substrate specificity. FGSG_11037 displayed a peculiar behavior in that the xyloglucan binding was highly cooperative, with a Hill coefficient of 2.5. Finally, FGSG_05851 essentially degraded xyloglucan into hepta-, octa-, and nonasaccharides, whereas the three other enzymes yielded hepta- and octa-saccharides as well as larger molecules.

콩 시들음병에 관여하는 Fusarium균의 다양성 및 병원학적 특성 (Diversity and Pathogenic Characteristics of Fusarium Species isolated from Wilted Soybeans in Korea)

  • 최효원;김승노;홍성기
    • 한국균학회지
    • /
    • 제48권3호
    • /
    • pp.297-312
    • /
    • 2020
  • 2014년부터 2016년까지 국내 콩 재배 포장에서 시들음 증상을 보이는 시료에서 진균을 분리한 결과, Fusarium spp., Colletotrichum spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Macrophomina sp., Phytophthora spp., Calonectria ilicicola가 분리되었고, Fusarium균이 79.1%로 가장 많이 분리되었다. 53개의 Fusarium균을 균학적 특성에 의해 동정한 결과, F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. graminearum, F. fujikuroi 등 4개의 종 복합체(species complex)로 동정되었다. 염기서열분석을 통한 종 동정을 위해 translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF) 유전자 부위를 계통분석한 결과, F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. commune, F. asiaticum, F. fujikuroi 등 5종으로 확인되었다. 44개 Fusarium균주의 병원성을 확인하기 위하여 콩 3개 품종을 대상으로 유묘 침지 접종한 결과, F. asiaticum은 병원성이 없거나 미미한 것으로 나타났다. 병원성이 있는 10개 균주를 선발하여 기주범위를 조사한 결과, F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. commune은 콩에만 병원성이 있었고, F. fujikuroi는 콩, 강낭콩, 황동부콩, 흑동부콩 및 팥에 병원성을 보였다. 또한 13개 콩 품종을 대상으로 저항성 검정을 수행한 결과, F. commune과 F. fujikuroi는 모든 품종에 병을 일으켰다. 장기콩, 풍산나물콩, 소청자콩은 Fusarium에 의한 시들음병에 비교적 저항성이 것으로 나타났고, 황금올콩, 참올콩은 감수성 품종으로 확인되었다.

Comparison of electrophoretic karyotypes in fusarium

  • Min, Byung-Re
    • Journal of Microbiology
    • /
    • 제33권4호
    • /
    • pp.334-338
    • /
    • 1995
  • The electrophoretic karyotypes of 6 species in different Fusarium sections were examined by using contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) gel electrophoresis. Intact chromosomal DNA was prepared from protoplasts and up to 9 distinct bands were separated on 0.7% or 0.8% agarose gel under several different conditions. Putative chromosome numbers varied from 6 to 9 amd polymorphic karyotypes were observed in different Fusarium sections. Using Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomes as standards, the sizes of the Fusarium spp. chromosomes were estimated. The electrophoretic karyotypes of F. moniliforme and F. subglutinans (section Liseola) were similar. Unidentified filamentour fungi, F. beomiforme was much closer to F. axysporum (section Elecgans) in karyotype and the karyotypes of F. napiforme were more similar to those of section Liseola than any other sections. F. graminearum (section Discolor) had a distinctive electrophoretic karyotype.

  • PDF

Detection of Extracellular Enzyme Activities in Various Fusarium spp

  • Kwon, Hyuk-Woo;Yoon, Ji-Hwan;Kim, Seong-Hwan;Hong, Seung-Beom;Cheon, Young-Ah;Ko, Seung-Ju
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • 제35권3호
    • /
    • pp.162-165
    • /
    • 2007
  • Thirty seven species of Fusarium were evaluated for their ability of producing extracellular enzymes using chromogenic medium containing substrates such as starch, cellobiose, CM-cellulose, xylan, and pectin. Among the tested species Fusarium mesoamericanum, F. graminearum, F. asiaticum, and F. acuminatum showed high ${\beta}$-glucosidase acitivity. Xylanase activity was strongly detected in F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum. Strong pectinase activity was also found in F. oxysporum and F. proliferatum. Amylase activity was apparent in F. oxysporum. No clear activity in cellulase was found from all the Fusarium species tested.

국내 귀리의Fusarium속 균의 다양성 및 독소 화학형 (Identification and Chemotype Profiling of Fusarium Species in Korean Oat)

  • 최정혜;나주영;진현숙;임수빈;백지선;이미정;장자영;이데레사;홍성기;김점순
    • 식물병연구
    • /
    • 제25권4호
    • /
    • pp.157-163
    • /
    • 2019
  • 본 연구에서는 귀리에서 독성곰팡이 발생현황을 평가하기 위해 2017년 2018년 4월부터 6월까지 귀리 재배지 강진, 정읍을 정기적으로 모니터링 하였다. 총 745개의 곰팡이 균주를 형태학적 방법으로 분리한 후 마커 유전자 염기서열을 분석하여 동정하였다. 분리된 곰팡이의 약 92%가 Fusarium속 균주였고, Penicillium속(5.9%)과 Aspergillus속(2.1%) 순으로 분리되었다. Fusarium속 균주의 대부분이 F. asiaticum (83.1%)이었고, F. incarnatum (5.4%), F. proliferatum (3.5%), F. fujikuroi (2.8%), F. tricinctum species complex (FTSC) 11 (1.5%), F. graminearum (1.0%) 순으로 많이 분리되었다. F. asiaticum의 약 97%가 nivalenol 독소화학형이 있었고, 3-acetyl deoxynivalenol (3.2%) 독소화학형과 15-acetyl deoxynivalenol (0.4%) 독소화학형도 발견되었다. 선발된 Fusarium 균들의 병원성 실험결과 F. asiaticum이 실험에 사용된 모든 식물체에서 다양한 범위의 병원성을 나타내었다. 병증이 있는 종실에서 분리된 F. graminearum and FTSC 11 균주들은 쌀귀리에서 강한 병원성을 나타내었다. 또한 FTSC 11 균주를 제외한 모든 균주들이 쌀배지에서 nivalenol (0.2-7.6 ㎍/g), deoxynivalenol (0.03-6.1 ㎍/g), zearalenone (0.1-27.0 ㎍/g)을 생성하였다. 본 연구는 국내에서는 처음 보고되는 F. asiaticum에 의한 귀리의 붉은 곰팡이병 사례이다. 본 연구의 결과는 밀, 보리, 벼와 마찬가지로 F. asiaticum이국내귀리에서우점종임을보여준다.

작물병원성 곰팡이에 대한 Bacillus lichentformis KMU-3의 항진균활성과 배양조건 (Culture Conditions and Antifungal Activity of Bacillus licheniformis KMU-3 against Crop Pathogenic Fungi)

  • 박성민;한선희;유대식
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
    • /
    • 제33권2호
    • /
    • pp.112-116
    • /
    • 2005
  • 스웨덴 산림지역의 토양시료로부터 분리한 Bacillus licheniformis KMU-3의 작물병원성 곰팡이에 대한 항진균 활성 및 항진균물질의 생산조건에 대하여 검토했다. B. licheniformis KMU-3은 Rhizoctonia solani KACC 40101에 대하여 높은 항진균활성을 나타냈었다. 항진균물질 생산을 위한 최적배양조건은 탄소원으로 $1.0\%$ sodium acetate, 질소원으로는 $1.0\%$ ammonium sulfate, $24^{\circ}C$, pH 8.0, 180 rpm, 24시간 진탕배양하였을 때 가장 높은 항진균활성를 나타내었다. TLC상에서 Rf값이 0.49인 밴드에 나타난 물질에서 항진균활성이 확인되었으며, 이물질은 Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 KACC 40142, Colletotrichum orbiculare KACC 40808, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides KACC 40804, Cladosporium cucumerinum KACC 40576, Fusarium graminearum KACC 41040, Fusarium oxysporum KACC 40052에 대하여서도 높은 항진균활성을 나타내었다.

Evaluation of Barley and Wheat Germplasm for Resistance to Head Blight and Mycotoxin Production by Fusarium asiaticum and F. graminearum

  • Seul Gi, Baek;Jin Ju, Park;Sosoo, Kim;Mi-Jeong, Lee;Ji-Seon, Paek;Jangnam, Choi;Ja Yeong, Jang;Jeomsoon, Kim;Theresa, Lee
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
    • /
    • 제38권6호
    • /
    • pp.637-645
    • /
    • 2022
  • Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most serious diseases in barley and wheat, as it is usually accompanied by the production of harmful mycotoxins in the grains. To identify FHB-resistant breeding resources, we evaluated 60 elite germplasm accessions of barley (24) and wheat (36) for FHB and mycotoxin accumulation. Assessments were performed in a greenhouse and five heads per accession were inoculated with both Fusarium asiaticum (Fa73, nivalenol producer) and F. graminearum (Fg39, deoxynivalenol producer) strains. While the accessions varied in disease severity and mycotoxin production, four wheat and one barley showed <20% FHB severity repeatedly by both strains. Mycotoxin levels in these accessions ranged up to 3.9 mg/kg. FHB severity was generally higher in barley than in wheat, and Fa73 was more aggressive in both crops than Fg39. Fg39 itself, however, was more aggressive toward wheat and produced more mycotoxin in wheat than in barley. FHB severity by Fa73 and Fg39 were moderately correlated in both crops (r = 0.57/0.60 in barley and 0.42/0.58 in wheat). FHB severity and toxin production were also correlated in both crops, with a stronger correlation for Fa73 (r = 0.42/0.82 in barley, 0.70 in wheat) than for Fg39.