• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.276-282
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• 1992

From Jan. 1981 to Dec. 1989 eleven cases of Funnel Chest, ten were males and one was female, were underwent an operation at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Cheonbuk National University Hospital. The age of patients ranged from 3 to 29 years old. They all had symptoms of feeling inferiority about chest deformity. The degree of concavity on the funnel chest varied in extent, and the severity which was measured by water volume filled into it varied from 20 ml to 140 ml. Nine patients were corrected by Ravitch method and two patients were corrected by the Modified sternal turnover method. The Ravitch method was more effective in asymmetrical, severe depression deformity and in children. On the other hand the Modified sternal turnover method with preservation of vascular supply of repair was more simple and more effective in case of relatively less severe, wide symmetrical depression deformity of the chest and in case of associated with congenital or acquired heart disease and disease of the ascending aorta. This method has the advantage of maintaining chest wall stability in postoperative period.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.158-168
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• 2006

A study on the species composition and seasonal variations of fishery creatures caught by a funnel net was carried out in the coastal water off Dolsan Island, Yeosu from 2002 to 2003. During the study period, a total of 23 fishery creatures species were caught. Seabream(Acanthopagrus schlegeli), sea bass(Lateolabrax japonicus), mullet(Mugil cephalus), puffer(Takifugu niphobles) and rockfish(Sebastes inermis) predominated. These five species accounted for 85.1% of the total number of fishery creatures caught. Seasonal peaks of number of species occurred in summer, while those of number of individuals occurred in autumn. The lowest number of species and individuals were observed in winter. The large annual variation of diversity indices were observed from May to August. These large annual variation of diversity indices were mainly due to predominance of seabream, sea bass and mullet which accounted for most of all fishery creatures caught. The seasonal variations of fishery creatures showed that sea bass and mullet were caught mainly from spring to summer, seabream and puffer were caught mainly in autumn, and rockfish and brotula(Hoplobrotula armata) were caught mainly in winter.

• KCI Concrete Journal
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2002

This study investigates experimentally the optimum mix proportion and design factors of the stabilizing liquid used for excavation of the massive and deep slurry wall in LNG in-ground tank before pouring concrete. Considering those site conditions, the stabilizing liquid used for excavation of slurry wall has to be satisfied with some requirements including specific gravity, fluid loss, cake thickness, funnel viscosity and sand content in order to construct the safe and qualified slurry wall. For this purpose, we select materials including bentonite, polymer and dispersion agent. After performing many tests for materials and mix design process, we propose the optimum mix proportion that the upper limit ratio of bentonite is $2.0\%$, polymer is $0.1\%$ considering the funnel viscosity and dispersion agent is $0.05\%$considering the fluid loss of the stabilizing liquid. Also, we select all materials which are consisted of GTC4 as bentonite, KSTP as polymer and Bentocryl 86 as dispersion agent. Based on the results of this study, the optimum mix proportion of the stabilizing liquid is applicable to excavate the deep and massive slurry wall in LNG in-ground tank successfully.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1416-1421
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• 1992

There are many objective indices of operative outcome of funnel chest, but there has been only a few report about the postoperative change of these indices and which is best correlated with subjective outcome. From January 1989 to December 1991, 74 patients with funnel chest underwent Ravitch operation and radiologic evaluation was performed on the twenty patients whose operative outcome were satisfactory by Humphreys` criteria and postoperative chest X-ray were available. Variable radiologic chest idices such as deformity grade [DG], lower vertebral index [LVI], upper vertebral index [UVI] and configuration index [CI] were measured preoperatively and 1, 6, 12 and 18 months pos-toperatively. The mean value of preoperative DG, LVI, UVI and CI were 5.32, 0.3, 0.26 and 1.01 respectively, and postoperative chages were as follows; DG; 3.13, 3.66, 3, 72, 4.0, LVI: 0.22, 0, 24, 0.25, 0.25 UVI; 0.27, 0.27, 0.27, 0.27 CI; 0.69, 0.77, 0.76, 0.79. The increments of CI were within the 90 percent confidence limit of normogram in most cases, but it was not true for LVI and UVI. And the differences between the observed and expected values of CI did not change significantly through the postoperative periods, which was not the case in LVI. We concluded from these results that 1] DG, LVI and CI were increased slowly during the postoperative follow up periods but the increments of CI were usually within the normal limits and so 2] CI can be used as a objective index of satisfactory outcome.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2008

Among the four kinds of silk glands in the funnel-web spider Agelena limbata, the ampullate gland for dragline silk production is the most predominate one in both sexes, and is composed of three functional parts-excretory duct, storage ampulla and convoluted tail regions. Two pairs of major ampullate glands send secretory ductules to the anterior spinnerets, and another two pairs of minor ampullate glands supply the middle spinnerets. There are no apparent differences between the major and minor ampullate glands not only the external spigots but also their internal silk glands. However, the microstructure is very unique in this spider, because each gland has spherical shaped storage sac with twig-like branched tails. Nevertheless, the wall of the secretory region is similarly composed of a single layer of epithelial cells. The mature secretory silks in glandular epithelium are closely packed and accumulated as electron-opaque vesicles. Most of the secretory products which originated from the rough endoplasmic reticula(rER) are grown up by fusion with the surrounding small vesicles however, the Golgi complex does not seem to play an important role in this process of secretion.

• 제어로봇시스템학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2016

본 기술 특집호에서는 최근메 강인제어 분야에서 많이 주목받고 있는 사전규정 오차 구속제어기법들메 대해 기본적인 개념과 각 구속제어 기법들이 특징들을 소개한다. 기존의 제어기법들은 안정도 및 일정한 출력성능은 보장하지만 선정된 제어기 게인 값에 따라 추종성능이 민감하게 변하며 안전을 위한 제약이 없는데 반해 이러한 구속제어는 최소한의 게인 선정으로 오버슈트, 정상오차 등에 대해 사전에 규정한 성능범위를 만족하도록 강제로 구속시켜 출력성능 및 안전성이 동시에 보장되도록 한다. 이러한 구속제어는 오버슈트에 크게 영향을 받는 정밀기기 위치제어, 힘 제어에서 안전성을 확보해주며 외란이나 시스템 불확실성에 매우 강인한 특성을 갖는다. 가장 먼저 연구된 구속제어는 funnel 제어로서 시스템의 동적 모델을 포함하지 않는 비모델 기준 제어기법이다. 추종오차의 초기값이 오차에 대한 사전 구속함수로 구성된 funnel (깔데기) 안에 있으면 항상 사전메 규정된 오차범위 내에 머물도록 funnel 제어기가 작동하며 PD 제어와 구조가 유사하다. 다음으로 tanh 함수와 추종오차 변환을 결합한 방법으로서 전통적인 순환적 (recursive) 제어방법인 backstepping 제어와 결합하는 방법이다. 최종적므로 좀더 단순한 오차변환을 통해 오차에 대한 switching을 이용한 기법은 제어기 구조를 단순하게 만들고 기존의 제어기와 편리하게 결합할 수 있다. 이러한 구속제어 기법들은 또한 미지의 시스템에 특성에 대해 관측기나 지능제어를 이용한 근사함수를 요구하지 않는다. 본 특집호에서는 최근까지 연구된 구속제어에 대한 간단한 이론과 적용 결과들을 제시하기로 한다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.781-798
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• 2014

Estimating the workability of self-compacting concrete (SCC) is very important both in laboratories and on construction site. A method using visual information during the mixing process was proposed in this paper to estimate the workability of SCC. First, fourteen specimens of concrete were produced by a single-shaft mixer. A digital camera was used to record all the mixing processes. Second, employing the digital image processing, the visual information from mixing process images was extracted. The concrete pushed by the rotating blades forms two boundaries in the images. The shape of the upper boundary and the vertical distance between the upper and lower boundaries were used as two visual features. Thirdly, slump flow test and V-funnel test were carried out to estimate the workability of each SCC. Finally, the vertical distance between the upper and lower boundaries andthe shape of the upper boundary were used as indicators to estimate the workability of SCC. The vertical distance between the upper and lower boundaries was related to the slump flow, the shape of the upper boundary was related to the V-funnel flow time. Based on these relationships, the workability of SCC could be estimated using the mixing process images. This estimating method was verified by three more experiments. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method could be used to automatically estimate SCC workability.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.377-381
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• 2016

Baermann funnel법을 이용하여 비교적 선명한 선충 분리를 위해서는 Kimwipes 4매 정도를 여과지로 사용하여야 한다. 더욱 효율적이고 경제적인 선충 분리용 여과지를 찾기 위하여 시판되고 있는 15개의 제품을 Kimwipes와 비교 실험을 진행하였다. 선충 분리 효율 검정에는 Heterodera sp.의 유충, Meloidogyne sp.의 유충, Pratylenchus sp., Rhabditis sp., Acrobeloides sp., Panagrolaimus sp., Poikilolaimus sp. 그리고 Diplogasterida 등 8속의 선충을 이용하였다. 전체 선충 분리 효율은 42.0 - 88.8%로 나타났다. 1회 비용, 선충 분리 효율 그리고 선명도를 고려하였을 때, 선명도는 A이고 분리 효율은 69.4%로 Kimwipes 4장과 비슷하며(P=0.05), 비용은 50% 저렴한 국내 업체 모나리자 사의 Pulling Kitchen Towel 1매 사용이 가장 적합하였다.

• 환경생물
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.640-647
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• 2017

생물다양성 측면에서 논 생태계의 중요성이 대두되면서 수서생물을 효율적으로 채집하는 방법이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 논 생태계 내에서 수서생물을 객관적이고 정량적으로 쉽게 채집하기 위해 두 가지 유인제(어분, 캐미라이트)를 활용한 수중트랩을 고안하였다. 고안된 트랩으로 채집된 수서생물의 유인제 선호도는 일반화선형혼합모형을 통해 분석되었다. 또한 선행연구의 데이터를 활용하여 방형구와 수중트랩으로 채집된 수서 무척추동물의 군집 조성을 비계량형다차원척도법을 통해 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 수중트랩에 의해 채집된 65분류군의 수서생물 중 18분류군이 유인제에 의해 채집효율이 달라지는 것을 확인하였다. 18분류군 중왕우렁이, 수정또아리물달팽이, 애기물달팽이, 돌거머리, 패충류, 풍년새우, 꼬마줄물방개, 애기물방개, 깔따구류, 참개구리, 미꾸리류 등 12분류군은 어분을 선호하였고, 아시아실잠자리, 실잠자리류, 깃동잠자리, 방물벌레, 검정배물벌레, 애물땡땡이 등 6종은 캐미라이트를 선호하였다. 또한 수중트랩은 방형구법에 비해 생물다양성의 측정도구로서의 활용도는 낮지만 특정 분류군의 선택적인 채집에는 효과적이었다. 본 연구에서 간단하고 정량적인 방법으로 수서생물을 채집할 수 있도록 고안된 트랩은 장기적이고 광범위한 논 수서생물 생태 조사에 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
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• 한국우주과학회 1994년도 한국우주과학회보 제3권1호
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• pp.25-25
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• 1994

No Abstract. See Full-text