• Title/Summary/Keyword: Functional Test

Search Result 3,313, Processing Time 0.037 seconds

A Low Power scan Design Architecture (저전력을 고려한 스캔 체인 구조 변경)

  • Min, Hyoung-Bok;Kim, In-Soo
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
    • /
    • v.54 no.7
    • /
    • pp.458-461
    • /
    • 2005
  • Power dissipated during test application is substantially higher than power dissipated during functional operation which can decrease the reliability and lead to yield loss. This paper presents a new technique for power minimization during test application in full scan sequential circuits. This paper shows freezing of combinational logic parts during scan shift operation in test mode. The freezing technique leads to power to minimization. Significant power reduction in the scan techniques is achieved on ISCAS 89 benchmarks.

The evaluation of usefulness for far-infrared radiating under inner-wear on dysmenorrhea (월경통(月經痛)에 대한 원적외선 방사 기능성 under inner-wear의 유용성 평가)

  • Cho, Jung-Hoon;Lee, Kyung-Sub;Yoon, Young-Jin
    • The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • /
    • v.20 no.3
    • /
    • pp.129-136
    • /
    • 2007
  • Purpose: We intended to observe the usefulness of far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear for dysmenorrhea. Methods: We introduced far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear to women in childbearing-age by internet portal site. Then, we preliminarily examined dysmenorrhea severity by VAS(visual analogue scale) questionnaire to women interested in far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear. We selected women scored 5 and above of 10 measurement VAS score. Finally, 121 women were the subject of study and used far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear for one menstrual cycle. Before and after use of far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear, we conducted a questionnaire survey of dysmenorrhea severity by VAS. After that, we compared VAS score before and after use. Also, we studied correlation between frequency of far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear use and ${\Delta}VAS$(VAS score before use minus VAS score after use). For statistics, we used Paired samples test and Spearman's rho correlations, SPSS 13.0 for windows. Results: Before and after use of far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear, VAS score means were different. Frequency of far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear use was correlated to ${\Delta}VAS$. Statistically they showed significant result (p<0.05>. Conclusion: The results showed that dysmenorrhea severity by VAS decreased after far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear use. As frequency of use increased, ${\Delta}VAS$ increased. So we can consider far-infrared radiation functional under inner-wear effects dysmenorrhea severity.

  • PDF

The Effects of Therapeutic Exercise on the Balance and Gait in Older Adults (치료적 운동이 노인의 균형과 보행에 미치는 효과)

  • Lee, Soo-Yeon;Son, Gil-Soo;Jeon, Hye-Jin;Lee, Moon-Hwan
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
    • /
    • v.19 no.2
    • /
    • pp.1-10
    • /
    • 2007
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate whether therapeutic exercise has effectiveness on the balance and gait in older adults. Methods: 30 patients were participated in this study. To evaluate the effects of therapeutic exercise, patients were evaluated by using One leg stand test which was static balance test, Berge balance test, Functional reach test and Get up and go test which was dynamic balance test. Finally Gait pattern were assessed by using 3-dimensional gait analysis system. The assessment parameters were evaluated before and after treatment. And we received a consent form from all patients. The data were analyzed by paired t-test for compare pre and after therapeutic exercise. Results: One leg stand test was significantly increased after than before therapeutic exercise. Get Up and Go test was significantly decreased after than before therapeutic exercise. Functional Reach test was significantly increased after than before therapeutic exercise. Burge Balance test was significantly increased after than before therapeutic exercise. Stride length was significantly increased after than before therapeutic exercise. Cadence was significantly increased after than before therapeutic exercise. Velocity was significantly increased after than before therapeutic exercise. Conclusion: We thought that therapeutic exercise that is mat exercise has effectiveness on the balance and gait in older adults.

  • PDF

Development and Research on a Functional Hydrolyzed Whey Protein Powder Product with Sialic Acid as a Marker Compound - II. Repeated 90-day Oral Administration Toxicity Test using Rats Administered Whey Protein Powder containing Highly Concentrated Sialic Acid (23%) produced by Enzyme Separation and Solvent Enrichment Method - (Sialic Acid를 지표성분으로 하는 유청가수분해단백분말의 기능성식품 개발연구 - II. 효소분리 용매정제로 고농도 Sialic Acid가 함유된 유청가수분해단백분말(23%)의 랫드를 이용한 90일 반복경구투여 독성시험 평가 연구 -)

  • Noh, Hye-Ji;Cho, Hyang-Hyun;Kim, Hee-Kyong;Koh, Hong-Bum
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
    • /
    • v.34 no.2
    • /
    • pp.117-135
    • /
    • 2016
  • The present study was performed to develop a functional raw food material from hydrolyzed whey protein powder (23%-GNANA) medication containing sialic acid as a marker compound that is naturally occurring at 7% concentration in GMP (glycomacropeptide). GMP is used worldwide in foodstuffs for babies and infants and is obtained from the milk protein as safe food. While the purpose of our detailed evaluation was aimed to assess preliminary NOAEL values for and above 2,000 mg/kg/day, a clinical dose allowance for 23%-GNANA (as per characteristic of a functional health product, a highly refined test substance of 23% (v/v) sialic acid combined in GMP), at the same time we also wanted to assess the safety of GMP hydrolyzate lacking sialic acid but with identical properties as GMP. Animal safety evaluation was conducted using 23%-GNANA as the test substance, produced from hydrolyzed whey protein powder (product name: HELICOBACTROL-23; provided by Medinutrol Inc. [Korea]; composed of 23% sialic acid and GMP protein) after isolating the sialic acid using enzymes approved as food additives, with GMP as a raw material, and subsequently increasing the content of xx up to 23% through 80% (v/v) ethanol soaking and concentrating, in accordance with GLP Guideline. The animal safety evaluation mentioned above was made on the basis of toxicity in SPF Sprague-Dawley female and male rats dosed with 10 mL of the test substance diluted to 0, 1,250, 2,500, and 5,000 mg/kg directly into their stomachs for 90 d. This was determined in terms of the general symptoms and animal viability, weight and amount of feed intake, eye examination, uracrasia tests, hematological and blood biochemical disorder tests, blood coagulation test, abnormal intestine weight, abnormalities during postmortem and histopathological examinations. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Based on the toxicity determination, a certain minor effect associated with the test substance was observed in male rats with no major effects of the tested substance, in comparison with the control group dosed with sterilized water. Nevertheless, the NOAEL value, evaluated as per toxicity criteria, was verified as 5,000 mg/kg/day (P<0.05). Similarly, for female rats, a certain minor effect associated with the test substance was observed in 5,000 mg/kg/day dosed group, with no major effect, yet the NOAEL value (as assessed as per toxicity criteria) was determined to be 5,000 mg/kg/day (P<0.05), which was the same as for male rats. Accordingly, the NOAEL values of the test substances for all female and male rats were finally verified as 5,000 mg/kg/day (P<0.05). In conclusion, it was determined that the 23%-GNANA test substance exceeds 2,000 mg/kg/day, the clinical allowance characteristic for functional health food, and was finally evaluated to cause no safety concerns when used as a raw material in functional health food production, which was the ultimate goal of the present study.

Content Validity for a New Korean Version of Pediatric Functional Muscle Testing (한국형 소아 기능근력검사의 개발을 위한 내용타당도 검증)

  • Seo, Hye-Jung;Kim, Joong-Hwi
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
    • /
    • v.11 no.2
    • /
    • pp.103-114
    • /
    • 2016
  • PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was first to develop a Korean version of pediatric functional muscle testing for children with a motor developmental disorder who have a communication problem and who are aged below five years, and also to verify the content validity. METHODS: First, the preliminary study was conducted to verify the reliability of pediatric functional muscle testing, developed by Venita in Korea. Based on the results of the study, the primary evaluation items were selected and modified. Second, the first test of content validity was conducted through a panel discussion, and a second investigation of content validity was carried out by utilizing the Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI). In this study, we selected only 0.78 or more items from I-CVI. RESULTS: Based on the results of the preliminary study, 19 primary evaluation items were selected. Based on the results of the first and second content validity tests, 15 tertiary evaluation items for the Korean version of pediatric functional muscle testing were determined. CONCLUSION: This study developed a new Korean version of pediatric functional muscle testing and suggested that it will be a useful tool to measure muscle strength for Korean children with a motor developmental disorder and a communication problem, aged below five years.

Effects of the Motivation for Rehabilitation on the Functional Performance of Stroke Patients

  • Kil, SoRa;Son, SungMin
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
    • /
    • v.32 no.1
    • /
    • pp.39-43
    • /
    • 2020
  • Purpose: This study examined whether the motivation for rehabilitation influences the functional performance of stroke patients. Methods: To elucidate the same, correlation analysis between the 'rehabilitation motivation level' and 'functional performance improvement' was performed. Thirty-three stroke patients, who were hospitalized in rehabilitation and nursing hospitals, were enrolled in this study. Functional performance was assessed using the 10MWT, FRT, and the BBS. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the correlation between the reactivation symptoms and rehabilitation therapy at four weeks, eight weeks, and 12 weeks. Results: The results showed a significant correlation between the reactivation symptoms and rehabilitation therapy, as evidenced by the 10MWT, FRT, and BBS (8-12 weeks 10M gait test, Berg balance scale for 4-8 weeks, and 8-12 weeks). The FRT did not reveal any significant correlation between the rehabilitation program and reactivation. Conclusion: The present study confirmed that a higher motivation for rehabilitation in stroke patients resulting in a higher likelihood of it acting as a factor in improving their functional ability. Based on the above-mentioned results, this study suggests that a rehabilitation program could be considered for the motivation of patients to participate in a rehabilitation program.

Patients' Satisfaction after Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Is Affected by Preoperative Functional Status

  • Yoon, Jong Pil;Kim, Dong-Hyun;Chung, Seok Won
    • Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
    • /
    • v.19 no.3
    • /
    • pp.119-124
    • /
    • 2016
  • Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the functional outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) and to assess factors affecting the patients' subjective satisfaction after RTSA. Methods: Forty-three patients (mean age, $75.0{\pm}5.2years$) who underwent RTSA for cuff tear arthropathy or irreparable cuff tears with preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and pre- and postoperative radiographs at 1 year, and whose various functional outcomes including pain visual analogue scale (VAS), simple shoulder test, Constant score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, and active range of motion were evaluated preoperatively and at the last follow-up (>12 months) were enrolled. The outcome parameter was set as a satisfaction scale. Various clinical and radiographic factors were analyzed, and their correlations with postoperative satisfaction were evaluated. Results: All functional scores, VAS pain score, and active forward flexion showed significant improvement after surgery (all p<0.001). Twenty-nine patients were satisfied with the results and 14 were dissatisfied. The presence of pseudoparalysis (p=0.028) and worse preoperative function (all p<0.05) were related with higher satisfaction. Any radiologic parameters did not affect patients' postoperative satisfaction. Conclusions: All patients showed a good functional outcome after RTSA, however the patients' subjective postoperative satisfaction was affected by preoperative functional status (higher satisfaction in poor preoperative function), not by radiological findings.

Gender and Age Differences in Evaluative Criteria and Information Sources of Functional Clothing (성별과 연령에 따른 기능성 소재 의류제품 평가기준과 정보원 연구)

  • Cho, Yun-Jin;Choi, Ju-Hyun;Beak, Hyeon-Kuk
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
    • /
    • v.60 no.9
    • /
    • pp.150-161
    • /
    • 2010
  • In Korea, recent trends indicate an increase in the volume of the functional clothing market. This study investigated the evaluative criteria and information sources of functional clothing according to gender and age. A total of 756 responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, MANOVA, and Duncan's test. The main effect of gender on the evaluative criteria and information sources of functional clothing was identified. Compared with male consumers, female consumers gave more importance to price and aesthetic criteria. Female consumers take advice from colleagues and companions, as well as use information obtained from mass media to a greater extent than male consumers. Age was seen to have an effect on evaluative criteria and information sources in purchasing functional clothing. Respondents in their forties and fifties took textile quality and durability more seriously. Information available on the Internet and following the dressing styles of celebrities were preferred by respondents in their twenties.

Awareness and satisfaction of therapeutic goals on functional status in persons with hemiparetic stroke

  • Ahn, Si-Nae;Lee, Jeong-Weon;Hwang, Sujin
    • Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
    • /
    • v.7 no.1
    • /
    • pp.1-5
    • /
    • 2018
  • Objective: Setting therapeutic goals assist to identify patient priorities and predict problem that may arise in performing daily and functional activities. Goal setting is associated with improved rehabilitation outcomes in individuals with hemiparetic stroke. This study was conducted to assess the effects of having awareness and satisfaction of goals on the functional status of individuals with hemiparetic stroke. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Eighty-one people who had been diagnosed with stroke participated in this study. The study was conducted through a face-to-face surveys to identify participants' awareness and satisfaction of goals and standard assessment tools were used to evaluate patients' functional status. This study measured functional status through three clinical measures including the manual function test (MFT), Berg Balance scale (BBS), and modified Barthel index (MBI). Results: In participants with hemiparetic stroke, the MBI, BBS, and MFT scores were significantly higher in the participants who were aware of the therapeutic goal than in those who were unaware (p<0.05). The MBI, BBS, and MFT scores were not significant between the participants who were satisfied with the goal and those who were unsatisfied. Conclusions: This study suggests that having awareness in therapeutic goal-setting could lead to improvement of functional status in those with hemiparetic stroke. This study highlights how goal-setting can have a positive effect on persons with hemiparetic stroke.

Development of EMG-Triggered Functional Electrical Stimulation Device for Upper Extremity Bilateral Movement Training in Stroke Patients: Feasibility and Pilot study

  • Song, Changho;Seo, Dong-kwon
    • Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
    • /
    • v.10 no.3
    • /
    • pp.374-378
    • /
    • 2021
  • Objective: Bilateral movement training is an effective method for upper extremity rehabilitation of stroke. An approach to induce bilateral movement through functional electrical stimulation is attempted. The purpose of this study is to develop an EMG-triggered functional electrical stimulation device for upper extremity bilateral movement training in stroke patients and test its feasibility. Design: Feasibility and Pilot study design. Methods: We assessed muscle activation and kinematic data of the affected and unaffected upper extremities of a stroke patient during wrist flexion and extension with and without the device. Wireless EMG was used to evaluate muscle activity, and 12 3D infrared cameras were used to evaluate kinematic data. Results: We developed an EMG-triggered functional electrical stimulation device to enable bilateral arm training in stroke patients. A system for controlling functional electrical stimulation with signals received through a 2-channel EMG sensor was developed. The device consists of an EMG sensing unit, a functional electrical stimulation unit, and a control unit. There was asymmetry of movement between the two sides during wrist flexion and extension. With the device, the asymmetry was lowest at 60% of the threshold of the unaffected side. Conclusions: In this study, we developed an EMG-triggered FES device, and the pilot study result showed that the device reduces asymmetry.