• 한국식물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국식물생명공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 2002

Biotechnology in the 21st century will be driven by three emerging technologies: genomics, high-throughput biology, and bioinformatics. These technologies are complementary to one another. A large number of economically important crops are currently subjected to whole genome sequencing. Functional genomics for determining the functions of the genes comprising the given plant genome is under progress by using various means including phenotyping data from transgenic mutants, gene expression profiling data from DNA microarrays, and metabolic profiling data from LC/mass analysis. The aim of plant molecular breeding is shifting from introducing agronomic traits such as herbicide and insect resistance to introducing quality traits such as healthful oils and proteins, which will lead to improved and nutritional food and feed products. Plant molecular breeding is also expected to aim to develop crops for producing human therapeutic and industrial proteins.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.144-149
• /
• 2004

Changes in functional constituents of grape (Vitis vinifera) seeds prepared by three different heat pretreatments were determined and compared with those of non-treated grape seed. The recovery of grape seed oils was generally increased by roasting, steaming and microwave processes, although the recovery of specific constituents varied among three heat pretreatments. The recovery of MeOH extracts of the seeds increased following the roasting process, whereas that of MeOH extracts decreased gradually with steaming and microwave treatments. Levels of four catechins in grape seeds: (+)-catechin, procyanidin B$_2$, (-)-epicatechin, and (-)-epicatechin gallate, were decreased with increased roasting and steaming time, but were unaffected by microwave treatment. During the three different heat pretreatments, levels and compositions of fatty acid did not change, whereas those of phytosterol compositions decreased greatly. These results suggest that a mild heat pretreatment, controlled for temperature and time, is needed to prevent a considerable loss in the level of valuable functional components in grape seed.

• 산업식품공학
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.211-215
• /
• 2009

시중에 유통되고 있는 33종류의 식용유지를 대상으로 하여 benzo[$\alpha$]pyrene의 함량을 모니터링한 결과 압착올리브유 0.5-1.4 $\mu$g/kg, 혼합올리브유 0.6-1.0 $\mu$g/kg, 참기름 0.9-1.3 $\mu$g/kg, 대두유 0.6-3.3 $\mu$g/kg, 옥수수유 0.5-1.1 $\mu$g/kg, 해바라기유 1.2, 1.7 $\mu$g/kg, 홍화유 1.0, 2.1 $\mu$g/kg, 유지가공품 1.0, 1.4 $\mu$g/kg 수준으로 검출되었다. 대부분의 시료에는 benzo[$\alpha$]pyrene 기준치인 2.0 $\mu$g/kg를 초과하지 않았지만, 미국산 대두유와 미국산 홍화유에서 각각 3.3 $\mu$g/kg, 2.1 $\mu$g/kg로 두 종류에서 기준치 이상 검출되었다. Benzo[$\alpha$]pyrene은 식용유지로 제조되기 이전에 원재료가 오염되었거나, 가공공정, 환경으로부터 노출되는 등 노출경로는 다양하다. 정제과정인 deodorizing 과정이나, bleaching 과정에 의해서 benzo[$\alpha$]pyrene의 함량이 감소되며, 압착올리브유와 혼합올리브유의 실험결과에서 정제올리브유가 혼합되어 있는 혼합올리브유의 benzo[$\alpha$]pyrene의 함량이 낮게 나타났음을 확인할 수 있었다. Benzo[$\alpha$]pyrene의 함량은 연기성분에서도 영향을 받을 수 있으므로 원재료를 건조시키거나, 볶는 과정에서 밀폐된 상태로 진행하는 것보다 개방된 상태에서 진행하는 것이 benzo[$\alpha$]pyrene의 생성을 억제할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 2019

Objectives : Thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol), a natural monoterpenoid phenol, is one of the major odorant constituents found in natural essential oils of various herbal plants, such as Thymus quinquecostatus and Thymus vulgaris. Multiple biological activities of thymol, including antioxidative, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects, have been reported in numerous in vitro studies, and recently it was suggested that thymol may could inhibit oxidization of L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) to dopaquinone required in melanogenesis pathway, as an antioxidant. Methods : MTT assay was performed to test the cytotoxic effect of thymol in B16F10 cells. Inhibitory effect of thymol to tyrosinase activities were examined using both mushroom tyrosinase and intracellular tyrosinase. Expression level of tyrosinase in B16F10 cells were investigated by western blot analysis. Results : The cell viability was decreased by thymol treatment in dose-dependant manner, leading significant cytotoxicity in 500 and $1000{\mu}M$ thymol-treated groups. In the alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (${\alpha}$-MSH)-induced melanogenesis, administration of thymol significantly decreased extracellular (secreted) melanin content in dose-dependent manner. Cellular tyrosinase activity assay and western blot analysis of intracellular tyrosinase showed that thymol has a strong anti-melanogenic effect by inhibition of tyrosinase activity and by decreasing expression of tyrosinase that contribute to melanin synthesis in the B1610 cells. Conclusions : As the first functional study that prove anti-melanogenic effect of thymol and its underlying mechanism in the living cells, our study suggests the applicability of fragrance as the functional materials of cosmetics or health supplement, not as just an additive.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.687-697
• /
• 2015

단세포유지 생산에 이용되는 미생물은 효모, 곰팡이, 미세조류 등이다. 단세포유지의 생산 효율은 배지의 조성을 조절하여 영양공급을 최적화하거나, 배양 조건을 조절하거나, 최신의 생명공학기술을 활용하여 균주를 개량함으로써 증가시킬 수 있다. 단세포유지를 상업적으로 대량 생산하기 위해서는 값이 싼 탄소원을 확보하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하므로 지구 상에 풍부한 섬유질 자원을 활용하는 방법이 주목을 끌고 있다. 미세조류는 대기 중의 탄산가스를 탄소원으로 이용하므로 탄소원의 비용이 들지 않는 는 장점이 있다. 단세포유지 생산 미생물의 유전자를 조작하거나 대사공학기술을 이용하는 방법은 균주의 생산성을 획기적으로 높이기도 한다. 단세포유지는 그 동안 식품, 사료, 의약품 등으로 사용되어 왔으나 최근에는 바이오디젤(biodiesel)의 원료로도 사용될 수 있어 또 다른 관심을 끌고 있다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.303-313
• /
• 2022

본 연구는 장흥지역에서 자생 및 재배한 총 3가지 식물을 수증기 증류 추출(편백, 석창포, 라벤더)을 통해 얻은 각 천연 에센셜 오일에 대한 GC-MSD 향기 성분 분석 후 추출된 오일들과 시판 오일(클라리세이지, 시나몬, 프랑킨센스)을 조합하여 세포독성, 항산화, 항염, 미백 효과를 확인하여 화장품 소재로서의 가능성을 확인하였다. 향기 성분 분석 결과 편백 오일의 주요 성분으로는 Sabinene, 석창포 오일은 Asarone, 라벤더 오일은 L-Linalool이 동정되었다. 6종 에센셜 조합 오일의 세포독성이 확인되지 않은 100 𝜇L/mL의 농도에서 NO 생성은 27.76% 억제, DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 99.69%, ABTS 라디칼 소거능은 94.66%, 티로시나아제 저해활성은 55.9%를 보여 기능성 화장품 원료로서 유용하게 활용할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제40권6호
• /
• pp.1557-1566
• /
• 2023

곽향은 서양에서 Korea mint라고 불릴 정도로 허브와 쓰임새가 매우 유사하다. 서양의 허브는 화장품의 소재로 많이 사용하지만 곽향은 우리나라에서 약재로 더 많이 사용되어 화장품 소재로서의 기능성을 비교해보았다. 곽향 추출물과 추출물을 이용한 유산균과 효모 발효물, 에센셜오일, 플로럴워터에 대한 항산화, 미백, 폴리페놀, 플라보노이드, 항균력 실험을 진행하였다. 항산화 활성은 모든 샘플에서 높은 효과가 보였고, 미백과 폴리페놀, 항균력에서 에센셜오일이 가장 높은 효과가 보였다. 반면에 플라보노이드는 70% 에탄올 추출물에서 가장 높은 효과가 보였다. 이런 결과로 에센셜오일이 기능적으로 가장 큰 효과가 있었다. 하지만 추출물을 가지고 효모 발효를 진행한 시료들이 에센셜오일 만큼의 효과가 있다는 것을 확인해 에센셜오일의 적은 추출량에 비해 효모 발효를 진행한 시료가 화장품소재로서 충분한 가치가 있다고 본다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제48권
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2003

The number of natural products obtained from plants has now reached over 100,000 and new chemical compounds are being discovered ever year. Medicinal and Aromatic plants and their extracts have been used for centuries to relieve pain, aid healing, kill bacteria and insects are important as the antifungal and anti-herbivore agents with further compounds being involved in the symbiotic associations. Although their functions in plants have not been fully established, it is Known that some substances have growth regulatory properties while others are involved in pollination and seed dispersal. The complex nature of these chemicals are usually produced in various types of secretory structures which is an important character of a plant family and also influenced and controlled by genetic and ecological factors. Detailed anatomical description of these structures ave relevant to the market value of the plants, the verification of authenticity of a given species and for the detection of substitution or adulteration. Volatile oils are used for their therapeutic action for flavoring of lemon, in perfumery of rose or as starting materials for the synthesis of other compounds of turpentine. For therapeutic purposes they are administered as inhalations of eucalyptus oil, peppermint oil, as gargles and mouthwashes of thymol and transdermally many essential oils including those of lavender, etc. With these current trend for using volatile components in essential oil will be increasing in the future in Korea and in the world as well.

• 식품과학과 산업
• /
• 제51권2호
• /
• pp.148-156
• /
• 2018

Structured lipids are lipids in which the composition and/or positional distribution of fatty acids have been chemically or enzymatically modified from their natural biosynthetic form. Because structured lipids have desired nutritional, physicochemical, textural or physiological properties for applications in processed foods, functional foods, or nutraceuticals, many research activities have been aimed at their commercialization. The enzymatic production of structured lipids using lipases as the biocatalysts has a big potential in the future market due to the specificity or selectivity of the lipases. This article introduced some examples of specialty structured lipids that have been enzymatically produced and have been utilized as commercialized products. The commercialized products include medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols, human milk fat substitutes, cocoa butter equivalents, trans-free plastic fats, low-calorie fats/oils, and health-beneficial fatty acid-rich oils.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
• /
• 제11권
• /
• pp.41-51
• /
• 2008

Dietary supplements are used by more than one-half of the adult US population. By contrast, herbal products in Germany are carefully regulated by the same standards as drugs, and efforts are under way to standardize their regulation in the entire European Union. Most herbal users do not inform their physicians that they are taking these supplements, and most physicians do not inquire. Although some herbal products have clinically proven benefits, it is increasingly apparent that many contain potentially toxic substances, particularly in relation to interactions with drugs. Hence, it is essential that practicing physicians develop a working knowledge of herbals-specifically, about claims for their usage and potential or proven efficacies and toxicities-and that they incorporate such knowledge into the evaluation and management of their patients. By contrast, functional foods-integral components of the diet that are understood to contribute added health benefits-are the subject of intense and widespread research in food and nutritional science. Examples include many polyphenolic substances, carotenoids, soy isoflavones, fish oils, and components of nuts that possess antioxidant and other properties that decrease the risk of vascular diseases and cancer. Practicing physicians are advised to stay abreast of these emerging findings in order to best advise their patients on the value of health-promoting diets in disease prevention.