• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.271-282
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to research the behavior of consumption and needs about the female university students to provide useful information which would help finding the marketing source of cosmeceuticals. The sample was consisted of 464 female university students who had experiences of using the cosmeceuticals. Data were analyzed by factor analysis, frequency, x2-test, t-test, ANOVA(LSD) using SPSSWIN. The results were as follows: When the female university students purchased the cosmeceuticals, they considered the effectiveness and the price, so were satisfied with good effect and low price. The most important marketing methods in cosmeceuticals for female university students were through the internet and mail order shopping. Whereas, demerit factors of internet shopping were founded to be the complexity of exchange or refund and the little chance of free samples for trial. The good marketing strategies might be sending trial samples, future payment system after trial period, and/or supporting the event held in the university. Besides, it might be a consideration to have an event for the improvement by public trial. Anti-aging cosmeceutical was the most preferred item for female students, sun protection and whitening cosmetics next in order. Therefore, a target customer for cosmeceuticals might be lowered in age. The purchasing cost system and therapeutic effect of cosmeceuticals had to be developed for 20's. It was necessary to be safe and effective. The factors affecting the level of satisfaction for cosmeceuticals could be categorized into 4; market environment, simplicity of purchase, product merit and additional service. The needs for cosmeceuticals showed significant differences according to grade and kinds of product.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.453-461
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• 2019

In this paper, we focus on the study of multi-node rendezvous on one common channel among multiple channels before transmitting in CRAHNs (Cognitive Radio Ad-hoc Networks) for the efficient use of inefficient frequency resources. Most existing researches have dealt with the channel rendezvous between two nodes. But, it can be time-consuming to apply them to three or more nodes. In addition, it cab be impossible to communicate with each other. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Multi-Node Sequence (MNSEQ), which allows three or more nodes to rendezvous on a single common channel in a short period of time. And, CSMA/CA was applied for data exchange after rendezvous. By performance evaluation through very extensive simulations, we have demonstrated that the proposed MNSEQ outperforms the existing scheme in terms of communication completion time and transmission efficiency.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1609-1617
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• 2019

Described in this paper is a design of hardware accelerator for implementing public-key cryptographic protocols (PKCPs) based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and RSA. It supports five elliptic curves (ECs) over GF(p) and three key lengths of RSA that are defined by NIST standard. It was designed to support four point operations over ECs and six modular arithmetic operations, making it suitable for hardware implementation of ECC- and RSA-based PKCPs. In order to achieve small-area implementation, a finite field arithmetic circuit was designed with 32-bit data-path, and it adopted word-based Montgomery multiplication algorithm, the Jacobian coordinate system for EC point operations, and the Fermat's little theorem for modular multiplicative inverse. The hardware operation was verified with FPGA device by implementing EC-DH key exchange protocol and RSA operations. It occupied 20,800 gate equivalents and 28 kbits of RAM at 50 MHz clock frequency with 180-nm CMOS cell library, and 1,503 slices and 2 BRAMs in Virtex-5 FPGA device.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.431-436
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• 2003

It's about time we had to think an alternative to recover out insufficient fishery market caused by IMF locally as well as the fishery agreement on Japan and China. The Ministry of Maritime Affairs ＆ Fisheries have planning the advancing fishery information integrated system for the fishing present condition, marine resource administration and applicability consideration. The fishery information communication system is build up to the raw data ＆ process-network-content. The communication system must be small size, low cost and adapted SSB transceiver, that is using fishery shipping. In this paper We present digital data communication network to exchange information for fishery and safety between fishing ship and coast station in cheeper communication fee using SSB(single Side Band) in HF(High Frequency) band.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.83-92
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• 2011

Typographical errors by the author's mistyping occur frequently in a document being prepared with word processors contrary to usual publications. Preparing this online document, the most common orthographical errors are spelling errors resulting from incorrectly typing intent keys to near keys on keyboard. Typical spelling checkers detect and correct these errors by using morphological analyzer. In other words, the morphological analysis module of a speller tries to check well-formedness of input words, and then all words rejected by the analyzer are regarded as misspelled words. However, if morphological analyzer accepts even mistyped words, it treats them as correctly spelled words. In this paper, I propose a simple method capable of detecting and correcting errors that the previous methods can not detect. Proposed method is based on the characteristics that typographical errors are generally not repeated and so tend to have very low frequency. If words generated by operations of deletion, exchange, and transposition for each phoneme of a low frequency word are in the list of high frequency words, some of them are considered as correctly spelled words. Some heuristic rules are also presented to reduce the number of candidates. Proposed method is able to detect not syntactic errors but some semantic errors, and useful to scoring candidates.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.17-30
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• 2001

In this paper, we implemented a scalar multiplier needed at an elliptic curve cryptosystem over standard basis in $GF(2^{163})$. The scalar multiplier consists of a radix-16 finite field serial multiplier and a finite field inverter with some control logics. The main contribution is to develop a new fast finite field inverter, which made it possible to avoid time consuming iterations of finite field multiplication. We used an algorithmic transformation technique to obtain a data-independent computational structure of the Extended Euclid GCD algorithm. The finite field multiplier and inverter shown in this paper have regular structure so that they can be easily extended to larger word size. Moreover they can achieve 100% throughput using the pipelining. Our new scalar multiplier is synthesized using Hyundai Electronics 0.6$\mu\textrm{m}$ CMOS library, and maximum operating frequency is estimated about 140MHz. The resulting data processing performance is 64Kbps, that is it takes 2.53ms to process a 163-bit data frame. We assure that this performance is enough to be used for digital signature, encryption & decryption and key exchange in real time embedded-processor environments.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2014

Currently, despite the quantitative growth of domestic journal, objective and metric criterion to evaluate the contents and quality of those journals is inadequate. As a result, depending on a foreign citation index like SCI to evaluate the research result is causing some problems such as, thesis of an excellent standard being presented and published in foreign countries, thus, neglecting journals written in Korean. Hereat, the Korea Citation Index(KCI) is constructing a database of the journals published by academic associations; scientific paper information, articles information, and bibliographic, analyzing the quoting relation. Consequently, KCI is providing the basic information and the corresponding quoting relations of journals and papers on its webpage. This study compares the impact level of domestic accounting related journals by KCI and analyzes the network among journals using the cross-citation frequency from a social network analysis point of view. As a result, Accounting-related journals are now more desirable than the location in order to have a variety of interdisciplinary research needs to be encouraged. Through this exchange of other disciplines and actively made, which is the phase of apparent accounting-related journals expect to be greatly enhanced looks.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.11-18
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to find out awareness of the environment-friendly planning elements for residential unit space among practitioners. The respondents in this questionnaire survey were 140 practitioners in architecture and interior design field. The major findings of this study were as follows; most of the respondents were aware of the impact of indoor built environment on residents' wellness. In addition, the survey respondents viewed that the factors for planning environment-friendly high-rise apartments were represented by gardening and energy-saving while their perception on the concept excluded comprehensive components affecting residents' life quality. Over 50% of respondents had an experience of applying environment-friendly planning elements in their works, and high frequency appeared on the general planning elements which had been applied special awareness as pro-environmental features. The respondents considered environment-friendly planning elements as important. Specially, space planning and system were considered more likely important in interior design field. In application of environment-friendly planning elements, cost, lack of consumers' awareness of and underdevelopment of environment-friendly materials were of concern. Therefore, the consumer's cognition needs to be improved for wide application about environment-friendly planning element, and then consumers are willing to pay additional construction cost of environment-friendly apartments. At the same time, the current practice that housing developers pass the additional cost on to residents needs to be changed. Then, the quality of life in high-rise residential settings can be improved. More importantly, the exchange and development of the reliable information on environment-friendly planning elements need to be made, and technical support and long-term policy for the development are required. This research showed current status of knowledge and practice in sustainable planning of unit apartment and proved basic information for future direction.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.163-170
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• 2018

We developed a multicast communication packet radio protocol using a time-sharing tablet system ("wireless token ring") to achieve the efficient exchange of files among packet radio terminals attached to swans. This paper provides an overview of the system and the protocol of the packet communications. The packet device forming the main part of the transceiver developed is the Texas Instruments CC2500. This device consists of one call-up channel and one data transmission channel and could improve error frame correction using FEC (forward error correction) with 34.8 kbps MSK and receiving power of at least -64 dBm (output 1 dBm at distance of 200 m using 3 dBi antenna). A time-sharing framework was determined for the wireless token ring using call sign ordinals to prevent transmission right loss. Tests using eight stations showed that resend requests with the ARQ (automatic repeat request) system are more frequent for a receiving power supply of -62 dBm or less. A wireless token ring system with fixed transmission times is more effective. This communication protocol is useful in cases in which frequency resources are limited; the energy consumed is not dependent on the transmission environment (preset transmission times); multiple terminals are concentrated in a small area; and information (position data and vital data) is shared among terminals under circumstances in which direct communication between a terminal and the center is not possible. The method allows epidemiological predictions of avian influenza infection routes based on vital data and relationships among individual birds based on the network topology recorded by individual terminals. This communication protocol is also expected to have applications in the formation of multiple in vivo micromachines or terminals that are inserted into living organisms.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2016

Amid of the logistics hub center competition is going to intensifying between the world major port, it is essential to pre-occupied the base in the logistics hub world take advantage of advanced technology of logistics equipment than other ports. In existing container terminal, when container moves the terminal use the omnidirectional and directional antenna in order to exchange data information on the basis of 802.11 wireless network system. Case of loading height of exceeding, the blind sport will occur and a limited frequency channel can't help using in the area. A limited frequency channel usage and nested areas happen to use the closed terminal, it has a great influence to operate the terminal working. In this paper, LTE network is configured provided by the specified company ('L' Corp,.Ltd) and terminal data extracted through LBO (Local Breakout) in the cell site which is configured directly with container terminal operation server. Using this method, container terminal yard equipment operate without overlapping arises with uninterrupted data presented for ways to efficiently. I would suggest both the existing wireless AP LAN configuration of container terminal and new LTE system and applied to the real yard operating devices situations. Through these methods presented comparative the existing network traffic with new constructed LTE configuration. I admired to suggest that wireless network LTE introduction is fundamental factors to get rid of the blind spot, the problem of limited frequency channel and overlapping arises. These essential points can be a continual improving terminal services and more efficient terminal operational management.