• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2024

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the minimum number of teeth in the anterior dental arch that would yield accurate results for individual identification in forensic contexts. Materials and Methods: The study involved the analysis of 28 sets of 3-dimensional (3D) point cloud data, focused on the labial surface of the anterior teeth. These datasets were superimposed within each group in both genuine and imposter pairs. Group A incorporated data from the right to the left central incisor, group B from the right to the left lateral incisor, and group C from the right to the left canine. A comprehensive analysis was conducted, including the evaluation of root mean square error (RMSE) values and the distances resulting from the superimposition of dental arch segments. All analyses were conducted using CloudCompare version 2.12.4 (Telecom ParisTech and R&D, Kyiv, Ukraine). Results: The distances between genuine pairs in groups A, B, and C displayed an average range of 0.153 to 0.184mm. In contrast, distances for imposter pairs ranged from 0.338 to 0.522 mm. RMSE values for genuine pairs showed an average range of 0.166 to 0.177, whereas those for imposter pairs ranged from 0.424 to 0.638. A statistically significant difference was observed between the distances of genuine and imposter pairs(P<0.05). Conclusion: The exceptional performance observed for the labial surfaces of anterior teeth underscores their potential as a dependable criterion for accurate 3D dental identification. This was achieved by assessing a minimum of 4 teeth.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.218-219
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• 2021

The identification of human remains can be performed visually through families and next-of-kin, but it is not advisable to rely only on visual recognition; instead, it is preferable to conduct a forensic comparison of antemortem and postmortem data for primary identifiers (fingerprints, DNA, and dental data). A dental autopsy is particularly valuable in the identification process of skeletonized, carbonized, saponified, and fragmented human remains. The principal challenge in the identification process is the search and collection of antemortem data. To this end, all dental information held on a missing person can represent a precious source of individualizing information that families should share with the police or investigating agencies after reporting a disappearance.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.319-328
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• 2005

재발성 아프타성 궤양 환자의 타액에서 구강내 궤양성 병소를 유발할 수 있고 감염성이 비교적 높은 미생물로 알려진 Herpes Simplex virus, Varicella Zoster virus, Helicobacter pylori 그리고 Candida가 발현되는지 여부와 병소의 발생과 상관관계가 있는지를 알아보고자 조선대학교 치과병원 구강내과에 내원한 재발성 아프타성 궤양을 가진 환자 29명과 대조군 29명의 타액을 이용하여 PCR과 배양을 통해 발현율을 비교한바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. HSV DNA는 재발성 아프타성 궤양 환자군에서 41.4%, 대조군에서 55.2%가 발현되었으나 두 군간에 유의한 차이는 없었고(P>0.05), VZV DNA는 두 군에서 모두 나타나지 않았다. 2. H. pylori DNA는 재발성 아프타성 궤양 환자군에서 27.6%, 대조군에서 48.3%가 발현되었으나 두 군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). 3. Candida는 재발성 아프타성 궤양 환자군에서 13.8%, 대조군에서 6.9%가 배양되었으나 두 군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). 이상의 연구를 종합하여 보았을 때, HSV, VZV, H. pylori 그리고 Candida는 재발성 아프타성 궤양의 발생에 직접적인 역할을 한다고는 볼 수 없으므로 향후 더 많은 표본을 대상으로 다른 미생물이 병소 발생의 유발요인으로 작용하는지 연구하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.49-53
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• 1971

Authors observed 12 cases among the 46 corps which are died from 'charring', caused by traffic accident, for the purpose of individual identification. Concerning to the method of identification, authors took the dental hard tissue which is high in resitance to heat, using the method of Forensic Odontology and got a good results from it. In this inspection, we observed 'pugilistic posture' which results from heat coagulation & shrinkage of muscular bundle with predominance of the stronger flexor muscles. On the other hand, there appeared the fact that hair is more resistant to heat than skin or muscle.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.279-290
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• 2021

Purpose: Using images in the facial image comparison process poses a challenge for forensic experts due to limitations such as the presence of facial expressions. The aims of this study were to analyze how morphometric changes in the face during a spontaneous smile influence the facial image comparison process and to evaluate the reproducibility of measurements obtained by digital stereophotogrammetry in these situations. Materials and Methods: Three examiners used digital stereophotogrammetry to obtain 3-dimensional images of the faces of 10 female participants(aged between 23 and 45 years). Photographs of the participants' faces were captured with their faces at rest (group 1) and with a spontaneous smile (group 2), resulting in a total of 60 3-dimensional images. The digital stereophotogrammetry device obtained the images with a 3.5-ms capture time, which prevented undesirable movements of the participants. Linear measurements between facial landmarks were made, in units of millimeters, and the data were subjected to multivariate and univariate statistical analyses using Pirouette^® version 4.5 (InfoMetrix Inc., Woodinville, WA, USA) and Microsoft Excel^® (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA), respectively. Results: The measurements that most strongly influenced the separation of the groups were related to the labial/buccal region. In general, the data showed low standard deviations, which differed by less than 10% from the measured mean values, demonstrating that the digital stereophotogrammetry technique was reproducible. Conclusion: The impact of spontaneous smiles on the facial image comparison process should be considered, and digital stereophotogrammetry provided good reproducibility.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 1984

The present studies, the investigations were undertaken for an attemp to analyze time course change of biogemic amines in respons to bite injury in rats and guinea pigs, and obtained the following results that might be applicable to the forensic medicine and Forensic Odontology. The histamine concentrations measured at rat abdominal skins were decreased during the first 8 hours and recovered to control levels after 12 hours. However the serotonin concentrations were decreased during the first hours and increased during 4-8 hours, and then returned to control levels thereafter. In contrast with these results, both histamine and serotonin concentrations were tended to increase in guinea pig skins, but the concetration of histamine showed maximum rate of increase immediately after injury and those of sertonin showed maximum rate of increase at 30 minutes. The differencd in the response of histamine and serotonine after injury between rats and ginea pigs revealed that there is specials deffrence in the response of biogenic amines with regard to external stimuli. These results suggest that the determinition of biogenic amines in skin lesion of bite marks could be applied to the estimation of the elapsed time after antemortem injury.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.351-367
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• 1996

In the field Of individual identification in forensic Science, if the body is charred, it is sometimes impossible to identify the morphologic changes and charred tissue such as blood, muscle and bone can not be identified by forensic microbiologic method such as DNA typing. So the author used the characteristics of teeth which is relatively firm compare to other organs and stable to external environment such as heat and also possess cells needed for the DNA typing. The author conducted the experiment on teeth to detect DNA related to individual identification regarding to temperature in which other charredorgans can not be detected. The experiment was done on 64 extracted third molars consisted of unheated ones, and heated teeth to $100^{\circ}C$, $150^{\circ}C$, $200^{\circ}C$ for 45 min, 90 min, and 120 min respectively and to $250^{\circ}C$ for 45 min. DNA was extracted from each tooth and amplified fragment length polymorphism procedure(AMP-FLPs) using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was applied and observed for the matching DNA in HumTH01 and HumCD4 locus and the followings Are the results : 1. It was able to detect matching DNA in HumTH01 and HumCD4 locus in every teeth which no heating has been done. 2. It was able to detect matching DNA in HumTH01 and HumCD4 locus in every teeth heated to $100^{\circ}C$ for 45, 90 and 120 min. 3. It was able to detect matching DNA in HumTH01 and HumCD4 locus in teeth heated to $l00^{\circ}C$, $200^{\circ}C$ for 45, 90, 120 min. 4. It was impossible to detect matching DNA in HumTH01 and HumCD4 locus in teeth heated to $250^{\circ}C$. So, it is possible to extract DNA from teeth that otherwise can not be extracted from other organs in the charred body and it can be concluded that teeth are highly reliable and applicatable as forensic odontology for individual identification.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 1985

This study was undertaken to obtain the data for age determination following the calcification degree of the third molar in the point of forensic odontology. The orthopantomograms of 1399 male and 2517 female ranging from 7 to 22 years of age were studied. The developmental state of the third molar was divided into 12 stages following the calcification degree and the mean ages of stage was obtained and statistically analyzed. The results were as follows : 1. There was remarkable correlation between the development of the third molar and age. 2. There was no significant developmental difference between the right and left third molar. 3. The development of the third molar presents difference between the male and female in the crown formation stages, but it was retarded in female than male in the root formation stages. 4. At the age under 20 years, we can determine the age within the range of * 2 years by means of orthopantomogram.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.235-246
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• 2013

법치의학적 연령 감정은 개인 식별에 있어 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 연구는 한국 연령 감정 대상자들의 사회적 특성을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 2012년 3월부터 2013년 3월까지 경북대학교 치과병원 구강내과에 연령 감정을 의뢰한 대상자들에게 설문조사를 실시하였다.결과는 다음과 같다: 1. 성별 분포에서, 남성(42.86%)보다 여성(57.14%)이 더 많았다. 50대와 60대 이상의 고령자가 대다수였으며(89.28%), 40대 아래로는 한 명의 의뢰인도 없었다. 의뢰인들의 대부분이 초등학교 졸업 이하의 학력을 가지고 있었다(69.64%). 2. 호적 상 연령과 의뢰인이 주장하는 연령 간의 차이가 나게 된 가장 큰 이유로는 가족 및 친척의 실수로 인한 것이 가장 많았다(80.36%). 연령 감정을 통해 얻고자 하는 목적은 사회 복지 혜택(62.50%), 사회적 인관 관계 문제(12.50%), 단지 바른 나이를 찾기 위해서(10.71%), 직업과 관련한 문제(8.93%) 순이었다. 3. 연령 감정을 하기 위해 치과(구강내과)를 찾게 된 경로로는 관공서의 비중이 높았으며(48.21%), 친구나 지인(21.43%), 대중매체(14.29%), 병의원(10.71%) 등을 통한 경로가 뒤를 이었다. 법치의학적 연령 감정에 대한 의뢰인들의 이해도는 10점 만점에 7.03점으로 높은 수준이었다. 절반 이상의 의뢰인들에게서 현재의 연령 감정 비용에 대해 만족하는 것으로 나타났다. 4. 법치의학적 연령 감정을 통해 감정된 연령과 의뢰인들이 주장하는 연령 간에는 57.14%의 근접도를 보였다. 1년 간 조사한 연령 감정 대상자들의 23.53%가 법적으로 연령 정정을 하게 되었다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.497-513
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• 1995

Human genomic Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) was extracted from teeth by boiling, salting-out, phenol, boiling-phenol methods. The author compared DNA concentration and its purity, the accuracy of sex determination and the results of the D1S80 locus detection among above 4 methods. The following results were obtained : 1. DNA concentration was the highest in pulp with salting-out method and DNA purity was higher in pulp with salting-out and phenol methods than other 2 methods. 2. Sex determination was possible using of the pulp and the dentin of the teeth with four methods but, it was impossible in the enamel and some pulp with boiling method. 3. Amplification of D1S80 locus occurred from pulp and dentin with salting-out, phenol, and boiling-phenol methods. 4. There are no differences among the amplification of X-Y homologus amelogenin gene by application of 4 methods and salting-out, phenol methods efficiently makes available to amplification of D1S80 locus. From the investigation DNA extraction, sex determination, amplification of D1S80 locus was successfully accomplished with salting-out, phenol, boiling-phenol methods Therefore above 3 methods are available and applicable as forensic odontology for individual identification.