• Title/Summary/Keyword: Foam Volume

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Fundamental properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete by Applying Different Types of Aggregates and Foam Conduction Ratio (골재종류 및 기포도입율 변화에 따른 경량기포 콘크리트의 기초적 특성)

  • Huang, Jin-Guang;Park, Jae-Yong;Jung, Sang-Woon;Jeung, Kwang-Bok;Han, Min Cheol;Han, Cheon Goo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2014.05a
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    • pp.132-133
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    • 2014
  • In this study, high volume of industrial by-products including blast furnace slag, recycled aggregate powder and incineration ash have been utilized on the slurry of the foamed lightweight concrete. As to decrease the price of the lightweight foam concrete, mortar based slurry and concrete based slurry has been fixed. As the variation of the foam conduction ratio and aggregates, the foam ratio and compressive strength has been tested. Results showed that using recycled aggregates in the slurry showed better effect than using natural aggregates due to the alkali properties of the recycled aggregates could activate the potential hydraulic properties of the blast furnace slag. Consider about the low price of the recycled aggregates, it could be identified that using recycled aggregates in high volume blast furnace slag blended lightweight concrete showed better compressive strength than natural aggregates.

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Effect of Synthetic Hydrotalcite on Salt Water Resistance of Chloroprene rubber Foam (Synthetic Hydrotalcite가 클로로프렌 고무 발포체의 내염수성에 미치는 영향 연구)

  • Park, Eun Young;Seo, Eun Ho;Lim, Sung Wook
    • Textile Coloration and Finishing
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.177-186
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    • 2019
  • In this study, we investigated for synthetic hydrotalcite in chloroprene rubber foam. Experiments were carried out to find the optimum content ratio by controlling the contents of MgO and Hydrotalcite. Swelling test in toluene immersion was made to measure the crosslinking density of CR foams, and the cure properties were investigated with flat die rheometer and Mooney viscosity. The difference of hardness, tensile strength and elongation at break were observed after immersing in 7% NaCl or 21% NaCl solutions for a day and four days. In addition, the volume change and water content remaining in CR foam were measured after immersing NaCl solution. As content of MgO increased, the value of the cure torque tended to increase, but it was almost constant above 2phr of MgO. However, the Mooney viscosity decreased with increasing MgO content. The crosslinking density, determined by the swelling ratio, showed that the CR compound without MgO showed a higher degree of swelling. When the content of hydrotalcite/MgO was 3:2, it was the lowest volume change of CR form. Also, As the content of hydrotalcite decreased, the difference of mechanical properties before and after immersion NaCl solution increased.

Combustion Characteristics of Premixed Combustor using Nickel Based Metal Foam (니켈합금 Metal Foam을 적용한 예혼합 버너의 연소특성)

  • Lee, Pil Hyong;Hwang, Sang Soon;Kim, Jong Kwang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.42-49
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    • 2017
  • A premixed combustion has many advantages including low NOx and CO emission, high thermal efficiency and a small volume of combustor. This study focused on combustion characteristics in a premixed combustion burner using the nickel based metal foam. The results show that the blue flame is found to be very stable at heating load 6,300-25,200 kcal/h by implementing the proper nickel based metal foam and baffle plate. The premixed flame mode is changed into green flame, red flame, blue flame and lift off flame with decreasing equivalence ratio. NOx emission was measured 80 ppm(0% oxygen base) from 0.710 to 0.810 of equivalence ratio and CO emission is 90 ppm(0% oxygen base) under the same equivalence ratio. It is also found that the stable blue flame region in flame stability curve becomes wider with increasing the heat load.

Rheological behavior of dilute bubble suspensions in polyol

  • Lim, Yun-Mee;Dongjin Seo;Youn, Jae-Ryoun
    • Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.47-54
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    • 2004
  • Low Reynolds number, dilute, and surfactant-free bubble suspensions are prepared by mechanical mixing after introducing carbon dioxide bubbles into a Newtonian liquid, polyol. The apparent shear viscosity is measured with a wide-gap parallel plate rheometer by imposing a simple shear flow of capillary numbers(Ca) of the order of $10^{-2}$ ~ $10^{-1}$ and for various gas volume fractions ($\phi$). Effects of capillary numbers and gas volume fractions on the viscosity of polyol foam are investigated. At high capillary number, viscosity of the suspension increases as the gas volume fraction increases, while at low capillary number, the viscosity decreases as the gas volume fraction increases. An empirical constitutive equation that is similar to the Frankel and Acrivos equation is proposed by fitting experimental data. A numerical simulation for deformation of a single bubble suspended in a Newtonian fluid is conducted by using a newly developed two-dimensional numerical code using a finite volume method (FVM). Although the bubble is treated by a circular cylinder in the two dimensional analysis, numerical results are in good agreement with experimental results.

A Study on Development of Lightweight Foam Filling Material for the Voids behind Tunnel Liner using Stone-dust and Application to the Old Tunnel (석분을 이용한 터널 뒤채움용 경량기포 충전재의 개발과 현장적용에 대한 연구)

  • Ma, Sang-Joon
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.139-147
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    • 2003
  • The most tunnel damage such as cracks or leakage which exist in tunnel lining commonly, is caused by the voids where exist behind the tunnel lining, through the tunnel safety inspections. These voids were analysed to affect to a stability of a running-tunnel seriously. The aim of this paper is to develope the lightweight foam concrete for tunnel backfilling material using stone-dust of cake state and to apply the lightweight foam concrete developed to the old tunnel. This paper shows the basic properties of lightweight foam concrete mixed with stone-dust including flow rate, unit volume weight, absorption rate and compressive strength. In addition, according to the designed compound ratio, the lightweight foam concrete was applied to the ASSM tunnel for an application assessment. The engineering application of the lightweight foam concrete as the old tunnel's backfilling material was confirmed in this assessment.

Foam Separation of Bovine Serum Protein Fractions (소 혈청 단백질 분획들의 기포분리 현상에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Boo-Yong;Lee, Cherl-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.225-230
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    • 1987
  • The foam separation of bovine serum proteins was investigated and the protein fractionation by foam separation was analyzed by PAG electrophoresis. The protein concentration for the surface excess formation of bovine serum was in the range of $20-800\;{\mu}g/ml$. At pH 5, the foamate volume was maximum, but the enrichment ratio minimum. As the temperature was elevated, the foamate volume decreased and the enrichment ratio increase. As the gas flow rate increased from 25 to 100 ml/min, the foamate volume decreased and the enrichment ratio increased. The enrichment ration became maximum when the added ionic strength of serum solution was in the range of 1-3 by the addition of different types of salts, and this was related to the reduction of surface tension of the solution. In general, BSA, ${\alpha}_1$, and ${\alpha}_2-globulins$, which have relatively small molecular weight and high hydrophobicity, moved easily to the foam, and the separation of protein fractions in the serum varied with the changes in pH, temperature, gas flow rate and ionic strength of the solution.

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Development of Free-surface Decomposition Method and Its ApplicationDevelopment of Free-surface Decomposition Method and Its Application

  • Park, Sunho
    • Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.75-82
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    • 2017
  • With the development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), studies on shipbuilding and maritime issues including free-surface wave flow have been conducted. Although the volume of fluid (VOF) and level-set methods are widely used to study the free-surface wave flow, disadvantages exist. In particular, it takes a long time to obtain solutions. In this study, a free-surface capturing code is developed for ship and offshore structures. The developed code focuses on accuracy and computation time. Open source CFD libraries, termed OpenFOAM, are used to develop the code. The results obtained using the developed code are compared with those obtained using interFoam. The results show that the developed code could be used to capture the free-surface wave flow without numerical diffusion; moreover, the accuracy of the developed code is largely the same as that of interFoam.

Viscosity analysis of lightweight foamed mortar for foam stability (기포 안정성 확보를 위한 경향 기포 모르타르의 점도 분석)

  • Lee, Hyangsun;Son, Baegeun;Jeon, Jongwoon;Han, Dongyeop
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2018.05a
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    • pp.52-53
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    • 2018
  • In this study, viscosity analysis of the lightweight foamed mortar was conducted to evaluate the foam stability. According to a series of experiment, void volume related with density of the mixture and viscosity of the mixture were infleunced by water-to-binder ratio and addition of viscosity modifying admixture (VMA). Especially, the stability of the foam inside the mortar was confirmed with adding VMA.

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An Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Lightweight Concrete made of Polystyrene Foam Balls (Polystyrene Beads를 이용한 경량콘크리트의 강도특성에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Lee, Kyeong-Dong;Han, Jae-Ik
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.155-160
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    • 1999
  • Recently, the study on mix design of lightweight concrete using the polystyrene foam balls is put into practice from the viewpoint to grade up the quality of concrete and recyclable usage of industrial by products. Polystyrene aggregate concrete, PAC, can be used as structural concrete in low strength application. For instance, PAC could be used in the middle part of sandwich panel where stresses are generally low and in the case of grid-type reinforcement where it does not need high bond strength but little compressive strength to resist the pressure of transverse reinforcement. From this point of view, the authors discussed the influence of fluidity and compressive strength of concrete by the difference of the volume percentage of polystyrene foam balls and water cement ratio.

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Characterization of Polyurethane and Soil Layers for In-situ Treatment of Landfill Leachate (매립지 침출수 현장 처리를 위한 폴리우레탄과 개질토의 특성 분석 실험에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Chan-Soo;Jung, Young-Wook;Park, Joong sub;Back, Won seok;Shin, Won sik;Chun, Byung sik;Han, Woo-Sun;Park, Jae-Woo
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.281-286
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    • 2007
  • A chemical and biological permeable barrier with economic feasibility is suggested to treat landfill leachate in this study. The proposed composite layers consist of bentonite, and polyurethane (PU) foam that is mixed with powdered activated carbon (PAC) and inoculated with microorganisms from local wastewater treatment plant. Each layer is mixed with local sand, and yellow brown soil. Batch tests were conducted to investigate the sorptions of nitrate on the PU foam and PAC, and nitrification/denitrification rate of each layer material. Nitrification occurred in 30 minutes with initial ammonia concentration of 100 mg/L, and the concentration of nitrate attached in the PU foam increased after 270 minutes. Results of denitrification batch tests showed 76.6%, 87.3% and 88% of nitrate removal efficiency at 10%, 20% and 30% of the volume ratio of PU foam, respectively. The pH increased from 7 to 9.42, and alkalinity increased from 980 mg/L to 1720 mg/L during the denitrification batch tests. In the column experiments using the proposed composite layers with 20% of the volume ratio of the PU foam, about 96% of BOD, 63% of COD, 58.1~79.5% of total nitrogen were removed.