• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.172-186
• /
• 2024

With the globalization of the film industry, ethnic minority films have been developed and studied by many scholars for their special ethnic representation. The film "Tharlo" directed by Pema Tseden carefully explores the identity anxiety of a Tibetan shepherd. Through the connection and separation between the protagonist and traditional culture, it shows a complexity of modern ethnic identity for minority people. This study explores what kind of cinematic techniques and symbolic elements the director uses to shape ordinary characters, build a narrative space, and show ethnic representation. This paper puts forward a theoretical framework combining cinematic quantitative methods with qualitative narrative and semiotic analysis, aiming to deepen our understanding of cinematic techniques and ethnic representation, and provides a new perspective and profound insights for discussing the complexity faced by ethnic minorities in contemporary films. This study finds that Tseden's "Tharlo" successfully portrays the complex transformation of Tibetan cultural identity in the context of globalization and modernization through cinematic techniques such as fixed camera positions, long take and black-and-white cinematography, combined with the use of symbolic elements like mirrors, lambs and identity cards.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• v.30 no.3_4
• /
• pp.395-411
• /
• 2012

Several methods with order higher than that of Newton methods which are of order 2 have been reported in literature for solving nonlinear equations. The focus of most of these methods was to economize on/minimize the number of function evaluations per iterations. We have demonstrated here that there are several computational pit-falls, such as the violation of fixed-point theorem, that one could encounter while using these methods. Further it was also shown that the overall computational complexity could be more in these high-order methods than that in the second-order Newton method.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 1998.10a
• /
• pp.1211-1214
• /
• 1998

Real-time implementation of Conjugate-Structure Algebraic CELP(CS-ACELP) is presented. ITU-T Study Group(SG) 15 has standardized the CS-ACELP speech coding algorithm as G.729. A real-time implementation of the CS-ACELP is achieved using 16 bit fixed point DSP16210 Digital Signal Processor (DSP) of Lucent Technologies. The speech coder has been implemented in the bit-exact manner using the fixed point CS-ACELP C source which is the part of the G.729 standard. To provide a multi-channel vocoder solution to digital communication system, we try to minimize the complexity(e.g., MIPS, ROM, RAM) of CS-ACELP. Our speech coder shows 15.5 MIPS in performance which enables 4 channel CS-ACELP to be processed with one DSP16210.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.177-183
• /
• 2011

Hidden Markov random eld(HMRF) is one of the most common model for image segmentation which is an important preprocessing in many imaging devices. The HMRF has unknown hyper-parameters on Markov random field to be estimated in segmenting testing images. However, in practice, due to computational complexity, it is often assumed to be a fixed constant. In this paper, we numerically show that the segmentation results very depending on the fixed hyper-parameter, and, if the parameter is misspecified, they further depend on the choice of the class-labelling algorithm. In contrast, the HMRF with estimated hyper-parameter provides consistent segmentation results regardless of the choice of class labelling and the estimation method. Thus, we recommend practitioners estimate the hyper-parameter even though it is computationally complex.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.172-176
• /
• 2013

Microelectromechanical system switches are becoming more and more popular in the electronics industry; there is a need for careful selection of the materials in the design and fabrication of switches for reliability and performance issues. The membrane used for actuation to change the state of an RF switch is made mostly using gold or aluminum. Various designs of membranes have been proposed. Due to the flexure-type structures, the design complexity increases, which makes stress analysis mandatory to validate the reliability and performance of a switch. In this paper, the effective stress and actuation voltage required for different types of fixed-fixed membranes is analyzed using finite element modeling. Effective measures are presented to reduce the stress and voltage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2015.05a
• /
• pp.826-828
• /
• 2015

In this paper, Propose an efficient method that can operate at fixed stations Beam-Steering. Typical Beam-Forming techniques are performed using a delay time between the signal reaching each antenna array. The Beam-Forming method requires a lot of complexity and cost. This paper suggest a Beam-Steering method using a signal-to-noise ratio and a received signal strength. Analyzes the algorithm about proposed method.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 1992.04a
• /
• pp.143-147
• /
• 1992

Description of the behavior of the R.C structural members fixed on massive concrete is not normally generalization of recognized configuration for regular R.C. design guidanes. This can be due to the complexity of evaluation of internal resistancy and deflection changes of the members subjected to the various external forces. On the base of axially loaded member fixed on footing, however, the estimation of deflection changes due to flexural force shear force and rotational force is to be carried out in ways of specifying the bond characteristics of axial bars embedded in massive concrete. This work is to quantify adhesion of steel-concrete, initial concrete cracking stress near bar rib, maximum bond stress and residual stress in concrete respectively. In addition to quantification of them for particulate behavior, the suggestions of multi-linear bond stress-slip diagram made in carrying out finite element analyses for adhesion failure, examining concrete cracking status and reviewing existing experimental data lead to alternatively constructed relationship between bond stress and slip for a axial bars embedded massive concrete.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.304-311
• /
• 2003

This paper considers a new variation of scheduling problems where jobs are dispatched in batches. The variation is the case where the batch sequence is fixed. The objective is to minimize the sum of the completion times of the batches. This simple environment has a variety of real world applications such as part kitting and customer order scheduling. We show that this problem is binary NP-complete when there exist two machines. For the same problem, we develop an optimal dynamic programming (DP) algorithm which runs in pseudo-polynomial time. We finally prove the optimality of the DP algorithm.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2019

Current imbalance is the main factor affecting the lifespan of light-emitting diode (LED) lighting systems and is generally solved by active or passive approaches. Given many new lighting applications, independent control is particularly important in achieving different levels of luminance. Existing passive and active approaches have their own limitations in current sharing and independent control, which bring new challenges to the design of LED drivers. In this work, a multichannel resonant converter based on switched-capacitor control (SCC) is proposed for solving this challenge. In the resonant network of the upper and lower half-bridges, SCC is used instead of fixed capacitance. Then, the individual current of the LED array is obtained through regulation of the effective capacitance of the SCC under a fixed switching frequency. In this manner, the complexity of the control unit of the circuit and the precision of the multichannel outputs are further improved. Finally, the superior performance of the proposed LED driver is verified by simulations and a 4-channel experimental prototype with a rated output power of 20 W.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.293-301
• /
• 2022

Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of space signals is a basic problem in array signal processing. DOA estimation based on the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm can theoretically overcome the Rayleigh limit and achieve super resolution. However, owing to its inadequate real-time performance and accuracy in practical engineering applications, its applications are limited. To address this problem, in this study, a DOA estimation algorithm with high parallelism and precision based on an analysis of the characteristics of complex matrix eigenvalue decomposition and the coordinate rotation digital computer (CORDIC) algorithm is proposed. For parallel and single precision, floating-point numbers are used to construct an orthogonal identity matrix. Thus, the efficiency and accuracy of the algorithm are guaranteed. Furthermore, the accuracy and computation of the fixed-point algorithm, double-precision floating-point algorithm, and proposed algorithm are compared. Without increasing complexity, the proposed algorithm can achieve remarkably higher accuracy and efficiency than the fixed-point algorithm and double-precision floating-point calculations, respectively.