• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.4866-4888
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• 2020

One major and time-consuming task in fish production is obtaining an accurate estimate of the number of fish produced. In most Nigerian farms, fish counting is performed manually. Digital image processing (DIP) is an inexpensive solution, but its accuracy is affected by noise, overlapping fish, and interfering objects. This study developed a catfish recognition and counting algorithm that introduces detection before counting and consists of six steps: image acquisition, pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction, recognition, and counting. Images were acquired and pre-processed. The segmentation was performed by applying three methods: image binarization using Otsu thresholding, morphological operations using fill hole, dilation, and opening operations, and boundary segmentation using edge detection. The boundary features were extracted using a chain code algorithm and Fourier descriptors (CH-FD), which were used to train an artificial neural network (ANN) to perform the recognition. The new counting approach, based on the geometry of the fish, was applied to determine the number of fish and was found to be suitable for counting fish of any size and handling overlap. The accuracies of the segmentation algorithm, boundary pixel and Fourier descriptors (BD-FD), and the proposed CH-FD method were 90.34%, 96.6%, and 100% respectively. The proposed counting algorithm demonstrated 100% accuracy.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.218-225
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• 2011

Dual frequency identification sonar (DIDSON) is an imaging sonar that has been used for numerous fisheries investigations in a diverse range of freshwater and marine environments. The main purpose of DIDSON is fish counting, fish sizing, and fish behavioral studies. DIDSON records video-quality data, so processing power for handling the vast amount of data with high speed is a priority. Therefore, a semiautomated analysis of DIDSON data for fish counting, sizing, and fish behavior in Echoview (fisheries acoustic data analysis software) was accomplished using testing data collected on the Rakaia River, New Zealand. Using this data, the methods and algorithms for background noise subtraction, image smoothing, target (fish) detection, and conversion to single targets were precisely illustrated. Verification by visualization identified the resulting targets. As a result, not only fish counts but also fish sizing information such as length, thickness, perimeter, compactness, and orientation were obtained. The alpha-beta fish tracking algorithm was employed to extract the speed, change in depth, and the distributed depth relating to fish behavior. Tail-beat pattern was depicted using the maximum intensity of all beams. This methodology can be used as a template and applied to data from BlueView two-dimensional imaging sonar.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.178-182
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• 2006

이 연구에서는 해산어 초기 자어 사육 과정에서 자어가 섭이하는 로티퍼의 새로운 관찰 및 계수방법을 제시한다. 지금까지는 해산어 자어를 사육하면서 언제부터 로티퍼를 먹이로 이용 가능한지? 그리고 일령이 경과함에 따라 어느 정도 양의 로티퍼를 섭이하는지? 정확하게 분석할 수는 없었다. 왜냐하면 자어가 섭이한 로티퍼(몸통)는 소화기관내에서 소화되어 연구자가 관찰할 수 없었기 때문이다. 그러나 이 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결할 수 있는 새로운 관찰 방법으로서 로티퍼의 저작기(trophi)를 이용하는 방법을 제시한다. 로티퍼는 각 개체마다 한개의 저작기를 가지며 이 저작기는 해산어 자어의 소화기관내에서도 소화되지 않고 그 형태를 유지한다. 따라서 이 연구 결과에 의하면 자어의 소화기관내의 저작기를 관찰하여 계수하는 방법(RTCM; Rotifer Trophi Counting Method)을 이용하여 로티퍼를 최초로 섭이하는 일령은 물론 자어의 일령이 경과함에 따른 포식 로티퍼 개체수를 정확하게 분석할 수 있다.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2013

The edible ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi is a commercially important fisheries resource in Korea. However, there have been outbreaks of mass mortality due to soft tunic syndrome. It was discovered recently that the cause of death is infection by a protozoan parasite Azumiobodo hoyamushi. Alamar blue assay and microscopic counting were used to estimate anti-protozoal effects of 20 drugs having different action mechanisms. Through comparison of alamar blue assay and microscopic counting, 6 drugs were found to be potential in protozoan-killing effects: amphotericin B, formalin, hydrogen peroxide, bithionol, benzalkonium chloride, bronopol (24hr-$EC_{50}{\leq}20{\mu}g/ml$). The preliminary data can be used as a basis to develop anti-protozoal agents against A. hoyamushi.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제51권
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• pp.4.1-4.12
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• 2021

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a technique to visualize specific DNA/RNA sequences within the cell nuclei and provide the presence, location and structural integrity of genes on chromosomes. A confocal Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) scanner technology has superior depth resolution compared to wide-field fluorescence imaging. Confocal WSI has the ability to perform serial optical sections with specimen imaging, which is critical for 3D tissue reconstruction for volumetric spatial analysis. The standard clinical manual scoring for FISH is labor-intensive, time-consuming and subjective. Application of multi-gene FISH analysis alongside 3D imaging, significantly increase the level of complexity required for an accurate 3D analysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to establish automated 3D FISH scoring for z-stack images from confocal WSI scanner. The algorithm and the application we developed, SHIMARIS PAFQ, successfully employs 3D calculations for clear individual cell nuclei segmentation, gene signals detection and distribution of break-apart probes signal patterns, including standard break-apart, and variant patterns due to truncation, and deletion, etc. The analysis was accurate and precise when compared with ground truth clinical manual counting and scoring reported in ten lymphoma and solid tumors cases. The algorithm and the application we developed, SHIMARIS PAFQ, is objective and more efficient than the conventional procedure. It enables the automated counting of more nuclei, precisely detecting additional abnormal signal variations in nuclei patterns and analyzes gigabyte multi-layer stacking imaging data of tissue samples from patients. Currently, we are developing a deep learning algorithm for automated tumor area detection to be integrated with SHIMARIS PAFQ.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.735-739
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• 2010

This study investigated a method for monitoring fishes immigrating to upper streams from the sea in relation to water level with elapsed time, and measured fish behavior patterns and swimming speed in a fishing boat gateway using an acoustic camera system. This method was employed due to difficulties, linked to high turbidity, of using only underwater optical systems for monitoring fish migrating to brackish water. Results showed that fish length distribution showed high correlation between haul sampling and an automatic counting algorithm supported by the DIDSON software program. These results will help to maximize the effects of fish run management by increasing understanding of the amount of major fish species migrating in relation to durable water levels.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.361-366
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• 1996

Acceptable fish noodles of better nutritional and sensory values than conventional noodle made only wheat flour were prepared by mixing wheat flour and ground tile fish (Branchioste gus japonicus). In oder to mask a distinctive fish odor, various herbs and spices, such as ginger (Zingiber officinale), curry (Chalcas koenigii), nutmeg (Myristica Pagrans), garlic (Ailium sativum), black pepper (Piper nigrum), lemon (Cirtus limon) or sodachi (Citrus sudachi) were added to the basic tile fish noodle. Also, for the purpose of enhancing eating qual ify and nutritional value of basic noodle were combined some agricultural or fishery products of Cheju island, citrus fruits; danyooja (Citrus danyooga), hagul (C. natfudaidai), medical plants; angelica utilis (Angelica keiskei), ginseng (Panax ginseng), cactus (Opuntia dillenii), vegetable; carrot (Daucus carota), dropwort (Oenanthe jnvanica), seaweeds; fusiforme (Hizkia fusiforme), gulfweed (Sargaceae hlvelium). The optimal mixing ratio for preparing the basic tile fish noodle amounted to ground tile fish 135 g: tile fish stock 139 $m\ell$: wheat flour 450 g: salts 10 g. The mixture of curry powder (2.5 g) and nutmeg powder (2.5 g) was proved to be the most effective combinations for masking unfavorable fish odor. The optimal amounts of materials to be added to the prepared basic noodle were 25 g citrus zest and 80m1 citrus juice for citrus fruits noodles, and ca. 140 g puree for noodles from medical plants, vegetables and seaweeds, respectively. The preference score obtained from consumer preference test, on a 9-point scales, were in oder of i) danyooja > carrot, angelica, ginseng > fusiforme, ii) hagul > dropwort, cactus > gulfweed. The shelf-life of tile fish noodle based on bacterial counting was estimated to be 7-days at 5$^{\circ}C$.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2002

This study was performed to know the effects of stress induced by the daily fluctuation of water temperture from 18$^{\circ}C$ to 25$^{\circ}C$ up and down for 30 days on the defence mechanism of olive flounder. Puralichthys olivaceus. To make clear the temperature stress on the defense mechanism of the tested fish. several factors of immune response such as counting of leucocyte appearance in peripheral blood, phagocytic activity in whole blood cells, nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT) reduction, chemiluminescence(CL) response, and lysozyme activity were investigated at 28 days after giving the change of water temperature. The fish was controlled under the none feeding condition during experimental period. Mortality of the tested fish was rapidly increased up to 22% within the first one week of the experimental period without any additional stress factors. The number of neutrophil of peripheral blood in the tested group was significantly higher than the control group at the 2nd week. but the number of lymphocyte was significantly lower than the control group at the 1st and 3rd day of the experimental period. respectively. In the NBT reduction test, the activity of macrophage in the control group fish was the highest on the 7th day while that in the tested group was on the 3rd day. Also. the phagocytosis of tested group against formalin killed cells was retarded compared with the control. CL response of the tested group was significantly lower from 2nd to 5lh day of the experimental period than the control. 'The lysozyme activity of tested group was remained higher during the experimental period than the control. Even though the tested fish showed different results in some non-specific factors of immune respceses between tested and control group fish, olive flounder seems highly adaptable in repealed water temperature change in condition after one week under the given temperature fluctuation range.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.313-318
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• 2016

Viable but nonculturable (VBNC) 상태에 들어간 세균은 일반적인 증균 배지에서는 집락을 형성하지 않지만, 죽은 것이 아니라 낮은 대사활성상태로 유지되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 $10^{\circ}C$의 저온 빈영양 해수에서 Edwardsiella tarda를 VBNC 상태로 유도한 후, 해수 온도를 10에서 $25^{\circ}C$로 상승시킬 때 첨가된 유기물의 종류에 따라 VBNC 상태인 균의 소생 가능성을 알아보고자 하였다. E. tarda가 접종된 빈영양 해수 microcosm을 $10^{\circ}C$에 유지하였을 때 VBNC 유도 기간은 42-84일까지 다양하였다. 유도 기간 동안 acridine orange direct counting법으로 계수한 총 균수는 초기 접종 농도인 약 $10^8cells/ml$로 일정하였으며, direct viable counting법으로 계수한 생존 균수는 약 $10^4cells/ml$로 감소되었다. VBNC E. tarda에 효모추출물, 넙치근육추출물 그리고 혈청을 첨가하여 $25^{\circ}C$에서 소생을 유도한 결과 전체 시료 개수의 37%, 23%, 37%에서 각각 소생이 확인되었으며 소생된 E. tarda의 특성은 VBNC 유도 전 원래의 세균과 일치하였다. 소생된 E. tarda를 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)에 복강 주사 하였을 때 접종 후 5일 이내에 시험어가 모두 사망함으로써 VBNC 상태의 E. tarda가 독력을 유지하고 있었음을 시사하였다. 그러므로 E. tarda는 우리나라 남해 연안 겨울의 저온 빈영양 해수에서 VBNC 상태로 유도되었다가 여름과 가을 시기에 수온 상승과 더불어 소생되어 양식 넙치에 지속적인 발병 요인이 되고 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.109-126
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• 2019

Import refusals can be considered a new method of non-tariff barriers. This study aims to analyze reputation spillover effects on fish and fishery products imported from ASEAN countries to the U.S. FDA. The supply of aquatic products is not stable due to various factors such as reduction of fish stocks and climate change. Fish is a basic food ingested directly, but there are many ways to control the safety of aquatic products. ASEAN countries account for about 20% of U.S.imports in fish and fishery products. For Southeast Asian countries, fish and fishery products comprise a high proportion of exports revenue. Despite the large share of exports to the U.S., Southeast Asia countries have been receiving many import refusals from the United States. In this study, a theoretical model for examining import refusals is suggested using the negative binomial counting process. The reputation spillover effect, was divided into two spillover effects of 'neighbor reputation' and 'sector reputation'. Results show that there exists a neighbor reputation spillover effect. It can be said if there was a import refusal of the same product from neighboring countries in the preceding year, the home country have a possibility to experience import refusals of the same product. Therefore, it is interpreted that neighboring countries have good standard compliance can help home countries to effectively reach the target markets. Our findings have a important policy implication for ASEAN exporters of fish and fishery products.