• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.53-67
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate and reveal secondary vocational education institutions' perception changes and suggest the need for supporting the improvement of their perception by analyzing middle school principals' perception changes of the past, the present, and the future about them. For this, middle school principals' perception of the past, the present, and the future about secondary vocational education institutions was investigated and analyzed targeting 214 persons. The results of the study are as follow: First, middle school principals' perception of secondary vocational education institutions has found to make more positive changes in the present than the past and be going to make more positive changes in the future than the present. This can be interpreted that various policies of secondary vocational education institutions have a positive effect on the improvement of their perception since 2005. Second, in the result that analyzed changes in the ranks about middle school principals' perception of the past, the present, and the future about secondary vocational education institutions, the fields of "nurturing students' aptitude and talent early" and "their fast financial independence after graduation" were recognized as positive in the past, the present, and future. As the field of "entering universities in the same field easily" was recognized ranking high in the past and the present, but doing low in the future, it has found that the perception of secondary vocational education institutions is changing according to governmental policies' directions.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.107-116
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• 1999

The effects of clarified mapping strategy and placement of analog on middle school students' conceptual understanding were investigated. According to the usage of clarified mapping strategy and the sequence in presenting analogy, four types of learning materials were developed and pilot tested. Prior to the treatment, the field dependence-independence test was administered and a previous achievement test scores were obtained. The scores were used as blocking variables. The learning materials were read by randomly assigned middle school students (N=111), and the conceptions test was administered immediately and four weeks later. In the recall problems of immediate and retention test, there were no significant differences. In the application problems of immediate and retention test, however, the students learned with clarified mapping strategy scored significantly higher than those with analog-only. Field-independent students learned with clarified mapping strategy scored significantly higher in the immediate application than those with analog-only, and higher-level students learned with clarified mapping strategy scored significantly higher in the retention application than those with analog-only. In the immediate application, higher-level students learned analog first with clarified mapping strategy scored significantly higher in the immediate application than those learned target concept first with clarified mapping strategy. However, lower-level students learned target concept first with clarified mapping strategy scored significantly higher than those learned analog first with clarified mapping strategy.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.15
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• pp.199-219
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• 2008

This study analyzed the contents of the 225 papers included in Korea Security Science Association during the decade -from 1997 to 2007. This study was classified the study method qualitative. First, characteristic of researchers(distinction of sex, distinction of academic degree, regional distribution, one's position and regional distribution, participants per paper). Second, study trends classified by fields of study(where receiving research expenses support or not, change of study subject). Third, study trends classified by methods of study(study method by year, study method by study subject, statistical analysis by year) were subdivided. Analysis shows that there are some shortcomings on the research of Korea Security Science Association as compared with other fields. However, it shows advanced trends for example participation in different study field, evenly distributed regional study participation, variety trial of analysis method. Then again, the distinction of sex, one's position, too much emphasis on independence research, vulnerability about support of research expenses, emphasis on study fields and study trends wandering from industrial circles are getting deeper In study methods, generalized research form such as document study and phenomenon technical case study is limited so deduction of kernel result is not thoroughgoing enough as well as it shows the trend that limits to duplicate and generalized proposal technic.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.61-71
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• 2017

The tracer gas method has an advantage that can estimate total and local ventilation rate by tracing air flow. However, the field measurement using tracer gas has disadvantages such as danger, inefficiency, and high cost. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate ventilation rate in pig house by using the thermal distribution data rather than tracer gas. Especially, LMA (Local Mean Age), which is an index based on the age of air theory, was used to evaluate the ventilation rate in pig house. Firstly, the field experiment was conducted to measure micro-climate inside pig house, such as the air temperature, $CO_2$ concentration and wind velocity. And then, LMA was calculated based on the decay of $CO_2$ concentration and air temperature, respectively. This study compared between LMA determined by $CO_2$ concentration and air temperature; the average error and root mean square error were 3.76 s and 5.34 s. From these results, it was determined that thermal distribution data could be used for estimation of LMA. Finally, CFD (Computational fluid dynamic) model was validated using LMA and wind velocity. The mesh size was designed to be 0.1 m based on the grid independence test, and the Standard $k-{\omega}$ model was eventually chosen as the proper turbulence model. The developed CFD model was highly appropriate for evaluating the ventilation rate in pig house.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.35-42
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• 2022

The article deals with the role of extra-curricular work by means of multimedia technologies in order to improve the quality of training of future specialists. An important condition for achieving high results in training specialists is the optimal combination of classroom and independent extra-curricular work of students by means of multimedia technologies. Very significant is the development of student independence, the formation of skills of independent search activity, the ability to take responsibility, independently solve a problem, find constructive solutions, a way out of a crisis situation, and so on. Extra-curricular work forms students' ability to master the techniques of analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison; develops flexibility of thinking; opens up opportunities for the development and stabilization of positive learning motives to activate the process of mastering knowledge by means of multimedia technologies as a means of forming the personality of a highly qualified specialist. The concept of multimedia as one of the priority areas of Information Technology, which plays a particularly important role in the process of informatization of education, is revealed, and its advantages in education are shown. The advent of multimedia systems optimizes transformations in education, in many areas of professional activity, science, art, etc. The necessity of distance learning to improve the quality of training of future specialists using multimedia technologies in extra-curricular work is justified. The effectiveness of pedagogical support in the process of distance learning is achieved by the following conditions, which is revealed in the article. Various forms and types of extra-curricular work of students that are used in the modern practice of the educational environment of a higher education institution are described. Scientific and informational activity is considered a key area of information activity. The analysis of scientific and information activities in the field of education allows us to identify its main functions, which emphasize the growing role of scientific information in the education system, in particular, extra-curricular work using multimedia technologies. Operational, complete, accurate, targeted information that meets objective and subjective needs becomes an important link between the field of management, science and practice.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.7
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• pp.201-219
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• 1989

Rice culture in Korea has a long history ranging over two thousand years. In the agriculture economy of pre-mordern Korea, however, its importantce was not as great as generally assumed. In fact, rice culture reached full development only after the 1920s when the Japanese colonial government carried out its drive to increase rice production in the Korea peninsula. It was not until the mid-1930s that rice became the staple in Korean diet. This can be attributed to two factors : (1) a mountainous topography that provides little irrigated fields and (2) a climate characterized by droughts in spring and heavy precipitation in summer. The present paper attempts to answer some of these questions. Specifically it will focus on these : Did the development of rice culture actually result in population growth? What are the salient features of agricultural develdpment and population grow in traditional Korea? Does the case of Korea conform the prevailing generalization about the agriculture in East Asia? I have discussed the development of rice culture and population growth in the Chos$\breve{o}$n dynasty, focusing on the relation between the rapid spread of transplanting and the rapid growth of population from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century. Here are my conclusions. (1) The spread of transplanting and other technological innovationsc contributed to the rapid growth of population in this period. However, we should also note that the impact of rice culture on population growth was rather limited, for rice culture was not the mainstay of agricultural economy in pre-modern Korea. Indeed we should consider the influence of dry field cropsn population growth. Nevertheless, it is obvious that the proliferation of rice culture was a factor crucial to population growth and regional concentration. (2) How should we characterize the spread of rice culture in the whole period? Evidently rice culture spread from less then 20% of cultivated fields in the fifteenth century to about 36% of them in the early twentieth century. Although rice as a single crop outweighed other crops, rice culture was more then counter-balanced by dry field crops as a whole, due to Korea's unique climate and geography. Thus what we have here in not a typical case of competition between rice culture and day field culture. Besides, the spread of rice culture in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries accomplished by technological innovations that overcame severe springtime drought, rather than extensive irrigation. Althougt irrigarion facilities did proliferate to some extent, this was achieved by local landlords and peasants rather than the state. This fact contradicts the classical thesis that the productivity of rice culture increased through the state management of irrigation and that this in turn determined the type of society. (3) We should further study other aspects of the transition from the stable population and production struture in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries to the rapid population growth and excessive density of population thereafter. We should note that there were continuing efforts to reclaim the land in order to solve the severe shortage of land. Changes also took place in the agricultural production relations. The increase in land producrivity developed tenancy based on rent in kind, and this in turn increased the independence of tenants from their landlords. There were changes in family relations-such as the shift to primogeniture as an effort to prevent progressive division of property among multiplying offspring. The rapid population growth also produced a great mass of propertyless farm laborers. These changes had much to do with the disintegration of traditional social institutions and political structure toward the end of the Chos$\breve{o}$n dynasty.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.871-907
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to establish a new rural development policy system based on the unit of a community organizations. This study is to complement or replace the existing rural development system which is based on the unit of rural villages. The communalism which is the core concept of traditional rural villages has been weakened or destroyed. Especially, economic, social and spatial communalism of a rural villages has been weakened rapidly in the process of industralization and urbanization for the last 50 years. This means that strong communalism inside rural villages and neighborhood independence from each others among rural villages are already weakened. Rural villages no longer represent rural area, unlikely the hypothesis policy makers have been used to set up rural development policies. Advanced countries like EU and Japan are well known to have a rural development policy based on the units of social organizations in the rural area. These policies have been on the main stream in the era of local decentralization. Rural resident's organization made rural site's development plan using local assets and submitted to the public sector. Then the public sector examine its value and possibilities as a rural development projects. And public sector finalize the decision on subsidy grant. These policy patterns are already introduced partly in the field of urban development programme as well as rural development programme. It is time to apply those policies more widely and to examine more systematically.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.55-68
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• 2017

In recent years, medical practice has seen a drastic change due to the rapid, exponential expansion of scientific and medical technologies. Specially, the role of medical technologists (also known as medical laboratory scientists and/or clinical laboratory scientists) are increasing in the development of science of medical technology. As such, their responsibility has also been increasing. Therefore, given their highly specialized knowledge and skills, they are not regarded solely as doctor's assistants. Their independence and deeper specialization have been increasing, as they perform medial practices under the guidance of doctors or dentists pursuant to the "Act on Medical Service Technologists." From a legal point of view, medical guidance and scope of work were examined. As a conclusion, the definition of doctor's superintendency on the "Act on Medical Service Technologists" is required, and the qualification for the Korean license examination and their roles should be stated clearly. Moreover, communications among health professions regarding the roles of medical technologists are necessary to further facilitate clarification of their role. There is a need for independent legislation to expand the field of medical technologists and to strengthen their professionalism.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.17-29
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• 2007

Inference engine that performs the brain of software agent in next generation's web with various standards based on standard language of the web, XML has to understand SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language) that is a language to express the rule in the Semantic Web. In this research, we want to develop a forward inference engine, SMART-F (SeMantic web Agent Reasoning Tools-Forward chaining inference engine) that uses SWRL as a rule express method, and OWL as a fact express method. In the traditional inference field, the Rete algorithm that improves effectiveness of forward rule inference by converting if-then rules to network structure is often used for forward inference. To apply this to the Semantic Web, we analyze the required functions for the SWRL-based forward inference, and design the forward inference algorithm that reflects required functions of next generation's Semantic Web deducted by Rete algorithm. And then, to secure each platform's independence and portability in the ubiquitous environment and overcome the gap of performance, we developed management tool of fact and rule base and forward inference engine. This is compatible with fact and rule base of SMART-B that was developed. So, this maximizes a practical use of knowledge in the next generation's Web environment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.586-596
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• 2011

In the IT industry, processing units of IT applications are getting smaller and high efficient. Furthermore, the realization of various smart functions is highly feasible now due to advances in sensing technology. The service infrastructures on high efficient and compact mobile devices are applied to various areas. These also could be possessed by users and is built into the devices. Currently, studies on the UX(User Experience) field to attempt an analysis and prediction of user's information are continuing with reference to the UI(User Interface). However, research on the common framework of classification and storing the user-information, and standardization of form has not been attempted yet. In this study, we proposed the AUX(Associative user Experience) model and process structure to store various empirical data by users. The AUX model expressed a diversity of user's empirical data using extended E-TCPN model. And also, we expressed the data structure using XML with reference to the application of AUX model. This expressed model and separation of process structure guarantee its specialty, productivity and flexibility through the humanistic characteristics of users and the independence of technical process structure. The AUX model maps out the AUX information process architecture and expressed the process with the improved MPP algorithm, to analyze of its performance. The simulation of movements applying to MPP traffic allocation of VOD is used to analyze of its performance. The playback deviation of MPP Graphic Allocation Algorism where the AUX model was applied was improved by 10.41% more than the one where it was not applied. As a result of that, playback performance has improved due to the conversion of AUX with accessing media, content of users and dynamic traffic allocation such as MPI and CPI.