• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.331-339
• /
• 2007

Titanium or titanium alloy is a widely used implant material according to its certified biocompatibility, sufficient strength and ready availability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative biocompatibility of titanium and titanium alloy specimens (Ti-29Nb-13Ta, TiNb and Ti-6Al-4V, Ti64) using in vivo and in vitro methods. For in vivo experiment, the specimens were implanted in the abdominal subcutaneous region of female mice for 2 and 4 weeks. The reaction of connective tissue to specimens was evaluated histologically. The specimens were encapsulated by fibrous connective tissue consisting of fibroblast, fibrocyte and other cells including neutrophil, macrophage, giant multinucleated cell and unidentified cells. Some newly formed blood vessels were located in the fibrous capsule surrounding the implant. Cell types and the thickness of fibrous capsules were examined quantitatively. Most of cell types located in the fibrous capsule were fibroblasts and fibrocytes. The average thickness of fibrous capsules for the TiNb specimens was much thinner than that of the titanium alloy, Ti64. The thickness of the fibrous capsule around all titanium specimens decreased at 4 weeks compared to 2 weeks post-implantation. The biocompatibility of titanium and titanium alloy specimens were also investigated in in vitro method using alkaline phosphatase from MG-63 cells. Alkaline phosphatase activity of the TiNb specimen showed higher activity than the titanium alloy, Ti64. In conclusion, the TiNb alloy with thin capsule thickness in vivo and high alkaline phosphatase activity in vitro will be of considerable use in biomedical applications.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2021

Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint is a common disease characterized by pain at the insertional area of the deltoid muscle and decreased range of motion. The pathophysiological process involves fibrous inflammation of the capsule and intraarticular adhesion of synovial folds leading to capsular thickening and contracture. Regarding the multidirectional limitation of motion, a limitation in external rotation is especially prominent, which is related to not only global fibrosis but also to a localized tightness of the anterior capsule. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging studies can be applied to rule out other structural lesions in the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis. Hydraulic distension of the shoulder joint capsule provides pain relief and an immediate improvement in range of motion by directly expanding the capsule along with the infusion of steroids. However, the optimal technique for hydraulic distension is still a matter of controversy, with regards to the infusion volume and rupture of the capsule. By monitoring the real-time pressure-volume profile during hydraulic distension, the largest possible fluid volume can be infused without rupturing the capsule. The improvement in clinical outcomes is shown to be greater in capsule-preserved hydraulic distension than in capsule-ruptured distension. Moreover, repeated distension is possible, which provides additional clinical improvement. Capsule-preserved hydraulic distension with maximal volume is suggested to be an efficacious treatment option for persistent adhesive capsulitis.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to compare the biocompatibility of commercial purity Ti, Ti-6AI-4V and Ti-6AI-7Nb alloy specimens with and without surface treatment in mouse abdominal connective tissue in vivo. Each metal was implanted into specific abdominal subdermal tissue site of female mouse. After 4 weeks, the implants were removed and abdominal tissues were fixed, dehydrated and embedded in glycol methacrylate resin. And the tissues were histologically prepared for microscopical evaluation. It was characterized by the presence of connective tissue with fibrous capsule surrounding the implant. The fibrous tissue surrounding the implant was studied to determine the biocompatibility of implanted metals. The average thickness of the fibrous capsule formed around the implant was much thinner for the hydrogen peroxide added hydrochloric acid solution-treated specimen than for the others. The results of this evaluation indicate that modification of the surface properties of titanium and titanium alloy implants changes the biological properties in the abdominal connective tissue. In conclusion, these observations suggest that the proper surface treatment performed in the study is effective for the improvement of biocompatibility.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
• /
• v.17 no.9 s.124
• /
• pp.695-700
• /
• 1979

An experimental study was performed to study the tissue reactions to tissue conditioners in rabbits. Thirty rabbits were divided into three groups, 10, Hydro-cast group, 10, Coe-comfort group, and 10, heat-cured resin group. Tissue conditioners and heat-cured resin were embedded in the oral mucosa of rabbits. The tissue specimens were removed on 3rd, 7th, 14h, 21st and 28th day after embedding and examined under microscope after staining them with H-E stain, Van Gieson's stain, Masson's trichrome stain and PAS reaction. The results were as follows : 1. Tissue reactions to tissue conditioners were somewhat different from each other in the early stage, but, with the increase of the embedding period, the fibrous capsule was thickened in both. These tissue reactions were similar to those to heat-cured resin. 2. Newly formd fibrous components were stained deep-red with Van Gieson's stain and dark-green with Masson's trichrome stain. But their stainability was decreased as collagenous fibers became matured. 3. Newly formed fibrous components showed intense PAS reactivity, but PAS reactivity was reduced as the connective tissue capsule became completed.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.16 no.2 s.75
• /
• pp.302-309
• /
• 2006

To evaluate the biocompatibility of untreated and anodized titanium specimens, the specimens were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of the abdominal region of female mice for two weeks. The reaction of connective tissue to specimens was histologically studied. The implants were encapsulated by fibrous connective. tissue consisting of fibroblast, fibrocyte and other cellss including neutroophil, macrophage and giant multinucleated cell. some newly formed blood vessels were located in the fibrous capsule surrounding the implant. Giant multinucleated cells were observed at the fibrous capsule adjacent to the implant. Kind of cell types and the thickness of fibrous capsules were examined quantitatively. Most of cell types located in the fibrous capsule were fibroblast and fibrocyte. The average thickness of fibrous capsules for the anodized specimens was much thinner than that of the untreated titanium specimen. Biocompatibility of titanium specimens were also studied by using cell culture method. The number of MG-63 cells was significantly increased on the anodized titanium specimens in vitro experiment. Our observations suggest that anodized titanium specimens are more effective for the improvement of biocompatibility in vivo and in vitro.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.683-688
• /
• 2003

Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), a central nervous system stimulant, is contained in various foods, beverages and over-the-counter medications. Sulfadimethoxine (SDM) is one of the anti-thyroid agents and induces proliferation of thyroid capsule in two stage thyroid carcinogenesis model using N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN). In this study, we examined the effect of caffeine on fibrous proliferation of thyroid capsule in DHPN and SDM-treated rats. Five-week-old male F344 rats were given a single subcutaneous injection of DHPN (2,800 mg/kg, body weight). Starting one week thereafter, SDM (1,000 ppm in drinking water) with or without caffeine (1,500 ppm in diet) was administered for 12 weeks. All animals were autopsied and histopathological examination of the thyroid glands was performed. Thyroid follicular proliferative changes were induced in all rats treated with DHPN+SDM. In addition, the proliferation of perithyroidal fibrous tissue and pleomorphic thyroid follicular cells within the capsule were observed in DHPN+SDM treated group. Caffeine would not be related to these lesions in this experimental condition. although pentoxifylline, a methyl xanthine derivative, has an anti fibrotic effects.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2001

Purpose: To evaluate the histologic effect(LM and EM findings)of nonablative LASER and thermal energy on knee joint capsule of rabbit. Material and Methods: The nonablative LASER and thermal energy was applied to the rabits(average age 36 weeks, weight 5 ㎏). There were divided into 4 groups with 6 rabbits in each. The group I received 6 watts of LASER, group Ⅱ 12 watts of LASER, group Ⅲ 60° of thermal energy, and group Ⅳ 70° of thermal energy. The histologic study included H-E, Massons trichrome stain and electron microscopy at immediate, 3 weeks and 6 weeks after operation. Results: The histologic finding in immediate after operation was shown a fibrous degeneration of collagen on all groups and related to the energy level. The histologic finding after 3 weeks showed fibrosis and this fibrosis related the level of energy. Especially the group IV was shown flattening of capsule and deep fibrosis. The histologic finding after 6 weeks was shown marked recovery of collagen arrangement and capillary proliferation in group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ. But in the group Ⅳ not recovered. Conclusion: The nonablative LASER or thermal energy can cause degeneration, fibrosis and contracture of joint capsular collagen.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.80-82
• /
• 2000

Lipoma is a benign neoplasm composed of mature fat cells and usually circumscribed by a fibrous capsule. The fat cells are arranged in irregular lobules, partitioned by fibrous septa with supportive vascular channels. Lipoma of the oral cavity is uncommon, and has been reported to be infrequent in the literature in the world so far. An oral lipoma mainly occurs in the cheek and tongue. Surgical excision is the only treatment recommended, and prognosis is uniformly excellent. Recently we experienced two cases of lipoma of the oral cavity and removed the tumor completely by surgical excision.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.27-32
• /
• 1979

This paper dealt with the macroscopical and histopathological observations on the polycystic kidney occurred in a Korean native calf aged about a year. The results summarized are as follows: 1. In macroscopical findings, numerous cysts in the bilateral kidneys were seen under the renal capsule, and the cysts were various in size and clear or cloudy in their contents. The cysts in the inner area of the renal cortex were smaller than those of the outer area of the renal cortex in size and in number. 2. In microscopical findings, marked dilatations of Bowman's spaces and convoluted tubules were prominant feature. Numerous cysts with or without eosinophilic materials were contained atrophic glomerulus. prolferation of fibrous connective tissue, atrophy of convoluted tubules were also observed. Inner walls of the cysts were surrounded by cuboidal cells, sguamous cells or fibrous connective tissue. 3. This case was regarded as congenital polycystic kidney belonged to type III of Osathanondh and Potter.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.114-117
• /
• 1997

A total of 77 Black Bengal goats (67 females and 10 males) of 3.5 to 5.0 years old between 18 and 20 kg liveweights were used in this study. The whole liver with gall-bladder from respective carcass was collected at slaughter following fecal and postmortem examinations. Tissue sections of all lobes of each liver were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin following a standard procedure. Results confirmed the presence of flukes surrounded by fibrous capsule in the liver. All the animals were suffering from chronic Fasciola gigantica infections. The blood vessels in most of the liver tissue were thickened due to proliferation of fibrous tissue around them. Focal infiltration of lymphocytes in the lobules, patches of focal accumulation of neutrophils and eosinophils were found in all the liver tissue. Proliferations of new bile ductules in the hepatic trinity around the bile ducts that were clogged by the flukes were also observed in most tissue sections.