• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.115-127
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• 2012

Antioxidant and neuronal cell protective effects of aqueous extract from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) leaf tea (LLTE) were investigated. The 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging effect, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and malondialdehyde inhibition of LLTE were increased in a dose dependent manner. Intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation resulting from hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) treatment was significantly reduced when LLTE were present in the media compared to PC12 cells treated with $H_2O_2$ only. In neuronal cell viability assay using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT), LLTE showed protective effect against $H_2O_2$-induced neurotoxicity. In addition, lactate dehydrogenase release into medium was also inhibited by LLTE (7.13-43.89%). Total phenolics of LLTE were 33.16 mg/g and a quercetin was identified as major phenolics (105.93 mg/100g). Therefore, above these data suggest that LLTE including quercetin may be useful in the natural antioxidant substance, and may reduce the risk of neurodegenerative disease.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.357-364
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• 2022

In this study, antioxidant efficacy was analyzed to verify the value of use as an antioxidant-related functional cosmetic material using Cheongtaejeon tea extract. Cheongtaejeon tea was extracted, concentrated, and freeze-dried with hot water and 70% ethanol as a solvent to prepare samples, and then ABTS⁺ radical scavenging activity, electron donating ability, SOD-like ability, reducing power, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total phenolic, and flavonoid contents were analyzed. In the ABTS⁺ radical scavenging activity experiment, both the Cheongtaejeon hydrothermal extract (CTW) and the Cheongtaejeon 70% ethanol extract (CTE) showed erasure activity of more than 98% at a concentration of 1,000 ㎍/mL, and in the electron donating analysis experiment, CTW and CTE, respectively, 42.20% and 78.82%. As a result of SOD-like activity measurement, activity of 39.73% and 67.39% of CTW and CTE, respectively, was confirmed. In the case of FRAP and reducing power experiments, both CTW and CTE showed high effects, and as a result of analyzing the total phenol and flavonoid contents, both CTW and CTE showed high contents. Based on the results of the experiment, the Cheongtaejeon tea extract is expected to have a highly valuable as a functional cosmetics material related to antioxidants.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.113-120
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• 2011

In vitro antioxidant activities and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effects of solvent fractions from aged raw garlic extracts were investigated. Total phenolics fractioned by hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water from Aged raw garlic extracts were 3.70, 23.63, 31.27 and 2.35 mg/g, respectively. We found that ethyl acetate fractions had the highest in ABTS radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing antioxidant power and inhibitory effect on auto-oxidation of linoleic acid. Intracellular ROS accumulation resulting from $H_2O_2$ treatment of PC12 cells was significantly reduced when ethyl acetate fractions were present in the medium compared to PC12 cells treated with $H_2O_2$ only. In addition, we found that ethyl acetate fractions from aged raw garlic extracts resulted in a dose-dependent manner on AChE inhibition. Consequently, our results suggest that ethyl acetate fractions from aged raw garlic extracts may be useful as decreasing agents of oxidative stress and AChE inhibitors.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.667-677
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• 2022

Dolsan mustard seeds (DMS) were added in whole, crushed, and roasted form at 0.5 g (S-1), 1.0 g (S-2), and 1.5 g (S-3), respectively to broth and heated for 10 or 15 min. After cooling, the quality characteristics were measured. Salinity and pH decreased with boiling time. The antioxidant activities of the experimental broth were measured in terms of total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, electron donating ability (EDA), 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethyl-benzothizoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The overall, antioxidant activity was higher in broths containing 1.0 g and 1.5 g DMS than in those containing 0.5 g DMS and the activity increased with increasing boiling time. Sinigrin was not detected in the control group, and no significant difference in sinigrin content was noted among broths containing different concentrations of DMS. A high glutamic acid content was detected in the control broth, whereas glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, proline, alanine, and arginine were detected in the broths containing DMS. The free amino acid contents, particularly aspartic acid and glutamic acid contents, were high in umami. Volatile components, such as 2-propenyl-isothiocyanate (ITC), allylthiocyanate, n-butyl ITC, and 3-butenyl ITC, were detected in the DMS-containing broths. Sensory evaluation revealed that a higher amount of DMS added and a longer heating time increased the overall taste preference, and the difference was statistically significant. The purpose of this study was to present basic data on the quality characteristics of DMS-added broths to aid in the development of new products using DMS.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.886-893
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• 2020

The seaweed Hizikia fusiformis is rich in protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. This study investigated the antioxidant and physiological activities of H. fusiformis extracts prepared with 70% ethanol, 80% methanol, or distilled water. The extraction yields of these various solvent extracts were as follows: ethanol extract, 15.26%; methanol extract, 17.95%; and water extract, 45.62%. The methanol extract showed the highest total polyphenol content (24.06 mg GAE/g), but total flavonoid content was similar in all extracts. ABTS (2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) radical scavenging activity was highest in the ethanol extract (IC50: 0.90 mg/mL), while the methanol extract exhibited the strongest DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity (IC50: 8.09 mg/mL), reducing power (EC50: 0.40 mg/mL), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (0.28 mM). By contrast, tyrosinase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were higher in the ethanol extract than in the other extracts. The high BACE1 (β-secretase) inhibitory activity was observed in the ethanol extract (IC50: 1.03 mg/mL). These results indicate that H. fusiformis ethanol extracts may be useful for their antioxidant and functional properties in food and pharmaceutical materials.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.858-866
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• 2022

The present study investigated the chemical composition, and antioxidant and physiological activities of the Korean marine algae, Codium fragile. The solvent extracts from C. fragile were prepared using 70% ethanol, 80% methanol, and distilled water. Based on the general chemical composition, carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid, crude ash, and moisture were 74.22%, 16.73%, 0.66%, 4.39%, and 4.00%, respectively. Calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium were the main minerals. The extraction yield range of the solvent extracts was 3.51-9.76%. The ranges of total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were approximately 10.97-13.76 mg/g and 8.00-8.69 mg/g, respectively. The ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] radical scavenging activity, reducing power and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) activities were the highest in the ethanol extract, while methanol extract exhibited the strongest nitrite oxide scavenging activity. On the other hand, tyrosinase, elastase, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of the ethanol and methanol extracts were higher than those of the water extract. Furthermore, the ethanol extract exhibited the highest β-secretase inhibitory activity. The results indicate that C. fragile can be used as an antioxidant and a functional ingredient in food and pharmaceutical products.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.155-161
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• 2022

This study investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of seed ethanol extracts from Rubus coreanus Miquel (SERC). To investigate the antioxidant activity, total polyphenol and flavonoid content, ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity, and reducing power were measured. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in seed ethanol extracts of R. coreanus Miq. were 4.09 ㎍ gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/mg and 16.25 ㎍ quercetin equivalents (QE)/mg, respectively. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity showed concentration-dependent scavenging activity, and the RC₅₀ values of SERC were 26.68 ㎍/mL and 39.30 ㎍/mL, respectively. Moreover, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay was performed to assess the reducing power, and SERC showed 0.61 ± 0.01 mM FeSO₄ E/mg. To measure the anti-inflammatory effect, the cytotoxicity and nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory efficacy in RAW 264.7 cells was confirmed. SERC showed a NO production inhibitory effect at 500 ㎍/mL without cytotoxicity. As a result of verifying the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity using SERC, its potential as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory material was confirmed.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of cranberry power on antioxidant defense system in rats fed an atherogenic diet and injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following 5 groups: normal diet+saline (NS), atherogenic diet+saline (AS), atherogenic diet+LPS (AL), atherogenic diet with 5% cranberry powder+LPS (AL-C5), and atherogenic diet with 10% cranberry powder+LPS (AL-C10). Total antioxidant status measured by ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) was significantly reduced by LPS injection (24%) and was restored by the cranberry powder treatment (P<0.05). In addition, the mean level of plasma total phenolics was significantly decreased by LPS injection (P<0.05) and tended to be increased when cranberry powder was incorporated in to the diet. Activity of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) tended to be lowered by LPS injection and declined further in cranberry powder fortified groups. Overall results indicate that dietary cranberry powder may provide appropriate antioxidants to counter the diminished antioxidant status induced by exposing hypercholesterolemic rats to LPS.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1929-1933
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• 2012

Oxidative stress has been proposed to be involved in colorectal cancer development. Many dark pigments of plants have potent oxidative stress preventive properties. In this study, unpolished Thai rice was assessed for antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) methods. Red strain unpolished Thai rice was also administered to rats exposed to azoxymethane (AOM) for induction of aberrant crypt foci (ACF). Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were investigated for cellular oxidative stress and serum antioxidants, respectively. Red pigment unpolished Thai rice demonstrated high antioxidant activity and was found to significantly and dose dependently decrease the total density and crypt multiplicity of ACF. Consumption of Thai rice further resulted in high serum antioxidant activity and low MDA cellular oxidative stress. Interestingly, the density of ACF was strongly related to MDA at r = 0.964, while it was inversely related with FRAP antioxidants (r = -0.915, p < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that the consumption of red strain of unpolished Thai rice may exert potentially beneficial effects on colorectal cancer through decrease in the level of oxidative stress.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.457-464
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• 2016

This study was conducted to assess the quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of Yanggaeng prepared with different concentrations of blackcurrant powder (0, 1.5, 3, and 4.5%). The moisture content ranged from 41.95% to 45.38%, exhibiting no significant differences between the groups. The pH gradually decreased with increasing levels of blackcurrant powder. The lightness (L) value decreased while redness (a) value increased with an increasing amount of blackcurrant powder. Hardness of the control group was lower than those of the treatment groups. Consumer acceptance test revealed no significant differences in surface color, smell, taste, and overall acceptability scores between the control and 3% added groups. The total polyphenol contents and total anthocyanin contents were 7.58~54.88 mg GAE/100 g and 0.00~4.20 mg C3G/100 g), respectively, which increased proportionally with increasing levels of blackcurrant powder. The antioxidant activity measured based on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were significantly higher in treatment groups than the control and increased as the concentration of blackcurrant powder increased. From the above results, blackcurrant powder up to 3% can be incorporated into Yanggaeng to satisfy taste and functional needs for consumers.