• 제목/요약/키워드: Feasible region

검색결과 209건 처리시간 0.027초

인간-로봇 상호작용을 위한 자세가 변하는 사용자 얼굴검출 및 얼굴요소 위치추정 (Face and Facial Feature Detection under Pose Variation of User Face for Human-Robot Interaction)

  • 박성기;박민용;이태근
    • 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.50-57
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    • 2005
  • We present a simple and effective method of face and facial feature detection under pose variation of user face in complex background for the human-robot interaction. Our approach is a flexible method that can be performed in both color and gray facial image and is also feasible for detecting facial features in quasi real-time. Based on the characteristics of the intensity of neighborhood area of facial features, new directional template for facial feature is defined. From applying this template to input facial image, novel edge-like blob map (EBM) with multiple intensity strengths is constructed. Regardless of color information of input image, using this map and conditions for facial characteristics, we show that the locations of face and its features - i.e., two eyes and a mouth-can be successfully estimated. Without the information of facial area boundary, final candidate face region is determined by both obtained locations of facial features and weighted correlation values with standard facial templates. Experimental results from many color images and well-known gray level face database images authorize the usefulness of proposed algorithm.

홈구조 실리콘 접합 경계면에서의 Void 제거를 위한 실리콘 직접접합 방법 (The Removal Of Voids In The Grooved Interfacial Region Of Silicon Structures Obtained With Direct Bonding Technique)

  • Kim, Sang-Cheol;Kim, Eun-Dong;Kim, Nam-Kyun;Bahna, Wook;Soo, Gil-Soo;Kim, Hyung-Woo
    • 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.310-313
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    • 2002
  • Structures obtained with a direct boning of two FZ silicon wafers joined in such a way that a smooth surface of one wafer was attached to the grooved surface of the other were studied. A square net of grooves was made with a conventional photo lithography process. After high temperature annealing the appearance of voids and the rearrangement of structural defects were observed with X-ray diffraction topography techniques. It was shown that the formation of void free grooved boundaries was feasible. In the cases when particulate contamination was prevented, the voids appeared in the grooved structures could be eliminated with annealing. Since it was found that the flattening was accompanied with plastic deformation, this deformation was suggested to be intensively involved in the process of void removal. A model was proposed explaining the interaction between the structural defects resulted in "a dissolution" of cavities. The described processes may occur in grooved as well as in smooth structures, but there are the former that allow to manage air traps and undesirable excess of dislocation density. Grooves can be paths for air leave. According to the established mechanisms, if not outdone, the dislocations form local defect arrangements at the grooves permitting the substantial reduction in defect density over the remainder of the interfacial area.

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이변량 Gaussian 분포함수를 적용한 CFRP 적층 평판의 보강섬유 물성저하 규명 (Determination of Degraded Fiber Properties of Laminated CFRP Flat Plates Using the Bivariate Gaussian Distribution Function)

  • 김규동;이상열
    • Composites Research
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    • 제29권5호
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    • pp.299-305
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 이변량 Gaussian 분포함수를 적용하여 CFRP 적층판의 섬유물성 변화를 추정하는 방법을 제안하였다. 섬유의 손상 분포를 규명하기 위하여 수정된 이변량 Gaussian 분포함수를 적용하여 5개의 미지 변수가 고려되었다. 조합된 컴퓨터 기법을 적용하여 역문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 몇 개의 고유진동수와 모드 정보를 입력데이터로 활용하였다. 수치해석 예제는 제안된 기법이 적층배열 변화에 따른 CFRP 판의 섬유 손상 분포 및 위치를 규명할 수 있는 적합하고 실용적은 방법임을 보여준다.

섬유 배열각의 이산성과 물성치의 불확실성을 고려한 복합재료 적층 평판의 최적 설계 (Optimal Design of Composite Laminated Plates with the Discreteness in Ply Angles and Uncertainty in Material Properties Considered)

  • 김태욱;신효철
    • 대한기계학회논문집A
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.369-380
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    • 2001
  • Although extensive efforts have been devoted to the optimal design of composite laminated plates in recent years, some practical issues still need further research. Two of them are: the handling of the ply angle as either continuous or discrete; and that of the uncertainties in material properties, which were treated as continuous and ignored respectively in most researches in the past. In this paper, an algorithm for stacking sequence optimization which deals with discrete ply angles and that for thickness optimization which considers uncertainties in material properties are used for a two step optimization of composite laminated plates. In the stacking sequence optimization, the branch and bound method is modified to handle discrete variables; and in the thickness optimization, the convex modeling is used in calculating the failure criterion, given as constraint, to consider the uncertain material properties. Numerical results show that the optimal stacking sequence is found with fewer evaluations of objective function than expected with the size of feasible region taken into consideration; and the optimal thickness increases when the uncertainties of elastic moduli considered, which shows such uncertainties should not be ignored for safe and reliable designs.

유동시스템의 형상 최적화에 성장-변형률법의 적용 (The Application of the Growth-Strain Method to the Shape Optimization of the Flow System)

  • 맹주성;한석영;김종필
    • 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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    • pp.533-538
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    • 2001
  • In general, shape optimization design of the flow system has done to obtain the effects, which are required in the engineering fields. Most of these designs are accomplished by empirical or numerical analysis. But, in empirical analysis case, it is difficult to obtain an optimal shape in the feasible design region. And, in numerical method case, it usually needs many design parameters, because of the required object-function. In this paper, we present a newly numerical analysis, the growth-strain method having only one design parameter. That optimizes a shape by distributing a design parameter such as dissipation energy to be uniformed in the flow system. Also, we apply this shape design process to the three-flow systems, and then we identify that the resulting shape approaches the known optimal shape in the numerical values. Consequently, we confirm that the proposed method is very efficient and practical in the shape optimization of the flow system.

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농촌지역 활성화를 위한 빈집 활용방안 연구 - 귀농·귀촌자의 주거안정 관점에서 - (A Study on the Utilization of Empty House for Rural Activation in Korea)

  • 이창우;지남석
    • 농촌계획
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.169-182
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study is derived by Utilization Strategy for Rural empty houses stability of Return to the Farm and Rural. The main findings can be summarized as follows. First, the recent return to the farm and rural has increased, and life patterns of diversification, and the retirement of the baby boomer generation return to the farm and rural ratio differed by region. Second, the required first order accurate and detailed to maximize the utilization of the rural empty houses Survey, and the integrated management system based on it should be built. Third, the public lead in pushing for policy to take advantage of an empty house, leasing and management capabilities by strengthening return to the farm and rural characters, revitalizing rural and residential stabilization is necessary. Finally, in order to enhance the utilization of the rural empty houses should prepare return to the farm and rural, Multi-Habitation and a common space for existing residents for a variety of purposes. The results of these studies has a significance that can promote rural housing return to the farm and rural, resource utilization and stable settlement, and rural areas activated at the same time. Utilization of specific rural empty houses feasible policy being prepared, by linking rural areas that can bring effects on the activation of alternative hope.

유동 시스템의 형상 최적 설계를 위한 성장-변형률법의 적용 (Application of the Growth-Strain Method for Shape Optimal Design of a Flow System)

  • 한석영;이상환;김종필;맹주성
    • 대한기계학회논문집B
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    • 제26권7호
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    • pp.945-950
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    • 2002
  • Shape optimization of a flow system is done to obtain the required effects, in the engineering fields. Most of these designs are accomplished by empirical or numerical analysis. In empirical analysis, it is difficult to obtain an optimal shape in the feasible design region. And, in numerical method, it usually needs much calculation expenses for shape optimization, because of design sensitivity analysis. In this study, we used the growth-strain method having only one distributed parameter such as a design variable. It optimizes a shape by making a distributed parameter such as dissipation energy uniform in a flow system, and then applied to two-flow systems. In order to overcome the stability occurred in numerical analysis performed by Azegami, the equation of volumic strain has been modified. Also, the shapes were compared with the known optimal shapes for the flow systems. Consequently, we confirm that the modified growth-strain method is very efficient and practical in shape optimization of the flow systems.

텐서 기반 스트로크 생성에 의한 펜화기법 (A Pen Drawing Method by Tensor-based Strokes Generation)

  • 신도경;안은영
    • 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.713-720
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    • 2017
  • We present a non-photo realistic pen-ink drawing method for outlining and shading of the input image. Especially, we focus on the detailed illustration of the image of which stroke's direction is important. The pen-ink renderer is an alternative display models user can generate traditional illustration renderings of their photo realistic image. The previously proposed pen drawing methods produce feasible description in general image but it is difficult to express in detail for the sophisticated images that need to consider the direction of stroke for each image region. In order to overcome the disadvantages of the conventional method, a direction vector is extracted from a tensor field and we determine a stroke's direction in consideration of not only an edge area but also a gradient of a surrounding area in the image. For more detailed description for the sophisticated image, we generate white noises based on the light and shade of the input image and determine the direction and length of the stroke by using the tensor field for each generated white noise. The proposed method works particularly well for traditional architectural images where the direction and detailed description of the pen is important.

속성 가중치에 대한 서수 정보가 주어질 때 다요소 의사결정 방법의 비교분석에 관한 연구 (Comparative Analysis of Multiattribute Decision Aids with Ordinal Preferences on Attribute Weights)

  • 안병석
    • 한국경영과학회지
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.161-176
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    • 2005
  • In a situation that ordinal preferences on multiattribute weights are captured, we present two solution approaches: an exact approach and an approximate method. The former, an exact solution approach via interaction with a decision-maker, pursues the progressive reduction of a set of non-dominated alternatives by narrowing down the feasible attribute weights region. Subsequent interactive questions and responses, however, sometimes may not guarantee the best alternative or a complete rank order of a set of alternatives that the decision-maker desires to have. Approximate solution approaches, on the other hand, can be divided into three categories including surrogate weights methods, dominance value-based decision rules, and three classical decision rules. Their efficacies are evaluated in terms of choice accuracy via a simulation analysis. The simulation results indicate that a proposed hybrid approach, intended to combine an exact solution approach through interaction and a dominance value-based approach, is recommendable for aiding a decision making in a case that a final choice is seldom made at single step under attribute weights that are imprecisely specified beyond ordinal descriptions.

반응표면법을 이용한 실린더 튜브 고탄성체 성형의 형상 정확도 예측 (Prediction of Shape Accuracy in Elastomer-Forming of a Cylindrical Tube by a Response Surface Method)

  • 김경태;이근안;최석우;이형욱;이용신
    • 소성∙가공
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.218-224
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    • 2008
  • A recent trend in automotive parts has been an integration of sub-assemblies with unified shapes. Tube structures also have been integrated to one body structure by using a near net shape forming instead of adopting welding. A cylindrical elastomer-forming process can be utilized to form a steel tube compressed in a radial direction. This process has some advantages compared to a hydro-forming or a swaging process in the viewpoint of a lower investment and a higher productivity. In order to predict a feasible specification of products within a work capability of the elastomer-forming equipment developed previously, effects of geometrical parameters of a tube on its shape accuracy are examined. Two characteristic parameters to account for the shape accuracy are chosen. One is the curvature radius at the corner part and the other is the straight ratio of the formed region. Careful examination of two parameters has led that the shape accuracy can be easily predicted by the regression equation obtained from the response surface method.