• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1259-1274
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• 2016

A precast composite column system has been developed in this study by utilizing multi interlocking spiral steel into a centrifugally-formed hollow-core precast (CHPC) column. The proposed hybrid column system can have enhanced performances in the composite interaction behavior between the hollowed precast column and cast-in-place (CIP) core-filled concrete, the lap splice performance of bundled bars, and the confining effect of concrete. In the experimental program, reversed cyclic loading tests were conducted on a conventional reinforced concrete (RC) column fabricated monolithically, two CHPC columns filled with CIP concrete, and two steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) columns. It was confirmed that the interlocking spirals was very effective to enhance the structural performance of the CHPC column, and all the hollow-core precast column specimens tested in this study showed good seismic performances comparable to the monolithic control specimen.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.409-423
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• 2017

This paper presents an experimental study on damage evolution laws of solid-web steel reinforced concrete (SRC) T-shaped columns along the direction of the web under various loadings. Ten specimens with a scale ratio of 1/2 and a shear span ratio of 2.5 were designed and fabricated. The influences of various parameters, including the axial compression ratio, steel ratio, and loading mode, were examined. The mechanical performances including load-displacement curve and energy dissipation capacity under the monotonic and low cyclic loadings were analyzed. Compared with the monotonic loading, bearing capacity, ultimate deformation capacity, and energy dissipation capacity of the specimens decrease to some extent with the increase of the displacement amplitude and the number of loading cycle. The results show that the damage process of the SRC T-shaped column can be divided into five stages, namely non-damage, slight-damage, steadily-developing-damage, severe-damage and complete-damage. Finally, based on the Park-Ang model, a modified nonlinear damage model which combines the maximum deformation with hysteretic energy dissipation is proposed by taking into account the dynamic influence of the aforementioned parameters. The results show that the modified model in this paper is more accurate than Park-Ang model and can better describe the damage evolution of SRC T-shaped columns.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.423-436
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• 2022

This paper proposes an innovative thin-walled square concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) column with an octagonal/circular lining steel tube, in which the outer steel tube and the inner liner are fabricated independently of each other and connected by slot-weld or self-tapping screw connections. Twelve thin-walled square CFST columns were tested under quasi-static loading, considering the parameters of liner type, connection type between the square tube and liner, yield strength of steel tube, and the axial load ratio. The seismic performance of the thin-walled square CFST columns is effectively improved by the octagonal and circular liners, and all the liner-stiffened specimens showed an excellent ductile behavior with the ultimate draft ratios being much larger than 1/50 and the ductility coefficients being generally higher than 4.0. The energy dissipation abilities of the specimens with circular liners and self-tapping screw connections were superior to those with octagonal liner and slot-weld connections. Based on the test results, both the finite element (FE) and simplified theoretical models were established, considering the post-buckling strength of the thin-walled square steel tube and the confinement effect of the liners, and the proposed models well predicted the hysteretic behavior of the liner-stiffened specimens.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제88권1호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2023

In this study, circular thin-walled reinforced high strength concrete-filled steel tube (RHSCFST) stub columns with various tube thicknesses (i.e., 1.8, 2.5 and 3.0mm) and reinforcement ratios (i.e., 0, 1.6%, 2.4% and 3.2%) were fabricated to explore the influence of these factors on the axial compressive behavior of RHSCFST. The obtained test results show that the failure mode of RHSCFST transforms from outward buckling and tearing failure to drum failure with the increasing tube thickness. With the tube thickness and reinforcement ratio increased, the ultimate load-carrying capacity, compressive stiffness and ductility of columns increased, while the lateral strain in the stirrup decreased. Comparisons were also made between test results and the existing codes such as AIJ (2008), BS5400 (2005), ACI (2019) and EC4 (2010). It has been found that the existing codes provide conservative predictions for the ultimate load-carrying capacity of RHSCFST. Therefore, an accurate model for the prediction of the ultimate load-carrying capacity of circular thin-walled RHSCFST considering the steel reinforcement is developed, based on the obtained experimental results. It has been found that the model proposed in this study provides more accurate predictions of the ultimate load-carrying capacity than that from existing design codes.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.275-281
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• 2009

The microstructure of copper films prepared by a sputtering apparatus, which was fabricated to enhance the shadowing effect, was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Black copper films were deposited on copper wires at an Ar pressure of 10 Pa. The black films had an extremely porous structure composed of separated columns. This structure is quite similar to that of black titanium films prepared by cylindrical magnetron sputtering. These results suggest that the porous structure composed of separated columns is easily formed for metal films by enhancing the shadowing effect.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.34-36
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• 1997

We have fabricated a patterned diamond field emitter on a silicon substrate. Fine diamond particles were planted on a silicon wafer using conventional scratch method. A silicon oxide film was deposited on the substrate seeded with diamond powder. An array of holes was patterned on the silicon oxide film using VLSI processing technology. Diamond grains were grown using a microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition. Because diamond could not grow on the silicon oxide barrier, diamond grains filled only the patterned holes in the silicon oxide film, resulting in an array of diamond tips.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 기둥의 축력비 및 횡보강근의 형상을 주요 변수로 현행 규준(ACI Code)의 횡보강근량 산정식이 고축력과 반복횡력을 받는 압축강도 100MPa의 초고강도 RC 기둥의 설계에도 적용가능한지 여부를 실험적 연구를 통하여 평가하였다. 실제 구조물의 보를 이상화한 스터브를 가진 1/2개 층의 기둥을 휨 파괴를 유도하기 위하여 형상비(L/d)를 4로 하여 실제 구조물의 1/3 Scale로 하였고, 실험구간은 접합면으로부터 기둥 깊이의 2.5배(750mm)로 하였으며, 총 8개의 실험체를 제작하였다. 실험 결과 실험체의 파괴양상은 축력비가 증가함에 따라 스터브 접합면에서 좀 더 떨어진 위치에서 파괴구간이 넓게 확산되지 못하고 파괴가 집중되었으며, 횡보강근의 체적비가 증가할수록 휨 균열이 다수 발생하였고 파괴구간도 접합면에 더 가까이 발생하였다. 또한, 축하중의 증가는 기둥의 변형능력을 30%, 누적소산 에너지량을 40% 감소시키고 강도와 강성의 감소를 가속화시켰으며, 연성비를 비교하면 D Type에서는 43%, E Type은 30% 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 횡보강근의 형상이 원형에 가까운 D Type이 심부 콘크리트 구속효과가 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났는데, 동일한 조건일 때 변형능력 및 연성비가 가장 높고 횡보강근의 체적비 증가에 따른 연성비의 증진효과도 가장 뛰어남을 알 수 있었다. 따라서, 고축력 및 횡보강근 형상 등을 고려하지 않고 있는 현재의 횡보강근량 산정 규준식은 100MPa의 초고강도 콘크리트 기둥 설계에 적용하기 위해서는 횡보강근의 상세(형상, 체적비) 및 축력효과등이 적절히 반영되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국공간구조학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2020

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.311-318
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• 2009

본 연구는 고축력과 반복횡력을 받는 초고강도 RC 띠철근 기둥의 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 콘크리트 압축강도 100 MPa 초고강도 RC 띠철근 기둥의 횡보강근의 양을 제안하는 것이다. 철근콘크리트 구조물의 실제 보를 스터브로 이상화한 1/2개 층의 기둥 실험체를 계획하여 1/3 크기의 19개 실험체를 제작하였다. 주요 변수는 축력비, 횡보강근의 형상 및 체적비로 하였다. 실험 결과, 띠철근 기둥의 강도와 연성은 횡보강근의 형상과 체적비의 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으나, 무엇보다 축력비에 가장 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타나 초고강도 콘크리트 기둥의 횡보강근량 설계를 위해서는 축력비에 따른 적절한 횡보강근의 형상으로 보다 합리적인 설계가 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 초고강도 철근콘크리트 기둥의 충분한 연성확보를 위하여 최소한의 변위연성능력 4이상을 확보할 수 있도록 설계식을 제안하였다. 따라서 이는 축력비와 함께 횡보강근의 형상, 간격 및 주근의 개수 등을 고려한 유효횡구속감소계수 (${\lambda}^c$)를 적용한 것이므로 횡보강근량 산정시 보다 합리적일 것으로 판단된다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제74권3호
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• pp.395-406
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• 2020

Many prefabricated concrete frame joints have been proposed, and most of them showed good seismic performance. However, there are still some limitations in the proposed fabricated joints. For example, for prefabricated prestressed concrete joints, prefabricated beams and prefabricated columns are assembled as a whole by the pre-stressed steel bar and steel strand in the beams, which brings some troubles to the construction, and the reinforcement in the core area of the joints is complex, and the mechanical mechanism is not clear. Based on the current research results, a new type of fabricated joint of prestressed concrete beams and confined concrete columns is proposed. To study the seismic performance of the joint, the quasi-static test is carried out. The test results show that the nodes exhibit good ductility and energy dissipation. According to the experimental fitting method and the "fixed point pointing" law, the resilience model of this kind of nodes is established, and compared with the experimental results, the two agree well, which can provides a certain reference for elasto-plastic seismic response analysis of this type of structure. Besides, based on the analysis of the factors affecting the shear capacity of the node core area, the formula of shear capacity of the core area of the node is proposed, and the theoretical values of the formula are consistent with the experimental value.