• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.225-228
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• 2018

By activity-guided fractionation, gliotoxin was isolated as an antibacterial metabolite of the fungus Penicillium decumbens which was derived from the jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai. Gliotoxin was further evaluated for antibacterial activity against several piscine and human MDR (multidrug resistance) pathogens. Gliotoxin showed significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive piscine pathogens such as Streptococcus iniae FP5228, Streptococcus iniae FP3187, Streptococcus parauberis FP3287, Streptococcus parauberis SPOF3K, S. parauberis KSP28, and Lactococcus garvieae FP5245. Gliotoxin showed strong activity especially against S. parauberis SPOF3K and S. iniae FP5228, which are resistant to oxytetracycline. It is noteworthy that gliotoxin effectively suppressed streptococci which are the major pathogens for piscine infection and mortality in aquaculture industry. Gliotoxin also showed strong antibacterial activity against multidrug- resistant human pathogens (MDR) including Enterococcus faecium 5270 and MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) 3089.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.608-616
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 느낌이 다른 3가지 감성적인 음악이 감성과 주의각성에 미치는 영향을 뇌파 측정을 통해 비교하고자 하였다. 연구 방법은 20대부터 50대까지 다양한 실험군에게 2채널 뇌파측정기를 이용하여 Fp1과 Fp2에서 청취전 배경뇌파를 측정하고 청취중과 청취후의 뇌파를 측정하여 상호 비교 하였다. 연구 결과는 1)시간이 경과함에 따라 Fp1, Fp2의 알파, SMR, 저베타, 고베타, ${\alpha}/-{\beta}$가 유의하게 증가했고, Fp2의 세타, $_{\theta}/SMR$이 유의하게 증가했다. 2)장송곡의 델타를 제외한 모든 곡들의 청취중 뇌파와 청취후 뇌파는 Fp2가 우세했으나 장송곡은 Fp1의 델타파가 우세했으며, 3)알파값이 눈에 띄게 높아지고 활동성이 증가한 음악은 프랠류드였다. 이는 편안한 느낌의 프랠류드가 뇌의 이완과 더불어 활성을 유도하며, 무거운 느낌의 장송공은 좌뇌의 활동성을 저하 시키는 것으로 판단된다. 이 연구 결과로 음악을 청취하고 감성의 변화를 느끼는 것은 음악이 실제로 뇌의 활동성에 영향을 미쳐 감성적인 변화와 주의 각성의 차이를 유도하기 때문인 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.311-313
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• 2002

Proteolytic activity of live Uronema manum was analyzed by fluorescence polarization (FP) technique. Protease activity was measured by a decrease in FP value using fluorescein isothiocynate (FITC)-casein as a protein substrate. The results demonstrated an inverse linear relationship between fluorescence polarization (FP) values and live ciliate concentration over the range $1\times10^4\;to\;2\times10^5$ cells/well. However, the FP values of $10-10^3$ live parasites were not different significantly from that of control. Time-dependent decrease in FP value was shown in the wells containing live U. marinum. In the present study, FP assay had the benefit to provide measurements of substrate hydrolysis by live parasites in real-time, and did not require separations, precipitations, or transfers of reaction mixture.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.422-427
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• 2006

Helicobacter pylori에 대하여 항균효과가 가장 높은 Fomitopsis pinicola를 동정하고 저해물질의 성질에 관한 연구를 수행한 결과 다음과 같은 결론이 얻어졌다. H. pylori에 대한 항균력이 가장크게 나타난 네팔에서 채취한 F. pinicola의 동정결과는 F. pinicola AY854083로 밝혀졌다. F. pinicola의 균사체는 액상배양을 시작한 후 5일이 경과하면서 H. pylori에 대한 항균력이 나타났으며 8일 이후부터 가장 높았다. 그러나 균사체 추출물에서는 항균력이 나타나지 않았다. F. pinicola 균사체 8일 배양액의 H. pylori에 대한 최소억제 농도는 $0.25\;mg/m{\ell}$ 이었고, 배양액의 낮은 pH (pH 2.0)가 H. pylori의 생육억제에 영향을 주지만 중화를 하여도 H. pylori에 대한 항균력은 유지되었다. F. pinicola 균사체 8일 배양액을 DEAE-sephadex A-25 LC로 분리하여 Fp-P1, Fp-P2 및 Fp-P3를 얻었으며 H. pylori에 대한 항균력은 Fp-P1에서만 나타났다. Fp-P1을 thin layer chromatography로 분리하였으며 H. pylori에 대한 항균력은 $R_{f}$ 값이 0.67인 Fp-T3에서만 나타났다. F. pinicola 균사체 8일 배양액, Fp-P1, Fp-T3를 HPLC의 Waters symmetry $300\;C_{18}\;5\;{\mu}m$ column ($3.9{\times}150\;mm$)으로 분리한 결과 Fp-T3에서 단일 peak만 남았으며 이것이 H. pylori에 대한 항균력을 확인하였다. H. pylori에 대한 항균력을 나타내는 F. pinicola 균사체 배양액에서 분리 정제한 물질은 BioLC 분석과 TLC 발색결과로써 아미노기를 포함한 당으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.1469-1474
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• 2019

Objective: Physical activity restriction in sows may lead to behavioral abnormalities and affective disorders. However, the psychophysiological state of these sows is still unclear. As miRNAs can be used as effective markers of psychopathy, the present study aimed to assess the difference in microRNA expression between the long-term activity restricted sows and activity free sows, thus contributing to the understanding of abnormal sow behavior. Methods: Four dry sows (sixth parity, Large${\times}$White genetic line) were selected from activity restricted crates (RC) or activity free pens (FP) separately. microRNAs in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC) and serum were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the correlation between the miRNAs expressed in the vMPFC and serum was evaluated. Results: miR-134 (1.11 vs 0.84) and miR-1202 (1.09 vs 0.85) levels were higher in the vMPFC of the RC sows than in the FP sows (p<0.01). Furthermore, miR-132 (1.27 vs 1.08) and miR-335 (1.03 vs 0.84) levels were also higher in the RC sows than in FP sows (p<0.05); however, miR-135a, miR-135b, miR-16, and miR-124 levels were not different (p>0.05). The relative expression of serum miR-1202 was higher in the RC sows than in the FP sows (1.04 vs 0.54) (p<0.05), and there was a strong correlation (R = 0.757, p<0.05) between vMPFC and Serum levels of miR-1202. However, no significant difference was observed in miR-16 levels in the serum of the RC sows and FP sows (p>0.05). Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrates that long-term activity restriction in sows likely results in autism or other complex psychopathies with depression-like behaviors. These observations may provide new insights for future studies on abnormal behavior in sows and contribute to research on human psychopathy.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.44-47
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• 1998

Maximum cellulase production was sought by comparing the activities of the cellulases produced by different Trichoderma reesei strains and Aspergillus niger. Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30 showed higher cellulase activity than other Trichoderma reesei stains and Aspergillus niger that was isolated from soil. By optimizing the cultivation conditions during shake flask culture, higher cellulase production could be achieved. The FP(filter paper) activity of 3.7U/ml and CMCase (Carboxymethylcellulase) activity of 60U/ml were obtained from shake flask culture. When it was grown in 2.5L fermentor, where pH and DO levels are controlled, the enzyme activities were 133.35U/ml (CMCase) and 11.67U/ml(FP), respectively. Ammonium sulfate precipitation method was used to recover enzymes from fermentation broth. The dried cellulase powder showed 3074.9U/g of CMCase activity and 166.7U/g of FP activity with 83.5% CMCase recovery.

• 약학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.247-250
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• 2011

An increase in ventricular pressure can alter cardiac excitation and contraction. Recent report has demonstrated that fluid pressure (FP) suppresses L-type $Ca^{2+}$ current with acceleration of the current inactivation in ventricular myocytes. Since the L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channels known to be regulated by intracellular pH ($pH_i$), this study was designed to explore whether pressurized fluid flow affects pHi in isolated rat ventricular myocytes. A flow of pressurized (~16 dyne/$cm^2$) fluid, identical to that bathing the myocytes, was applied onto single myocytes, and intracellular $H^+$ concentration was monitored using confocal $H^+$ imaging. FP significantly decreased $pH_i$ by $0.07{\pm}0.01$ pH units (n=16, P<0.01). Intracellular acidosis enhances the activity of $Na^+-H^+$ exchanger (NHE). Therefore, we examined if the NHE activity is increased by FP using the NHE inhibitor, HOE642. Although HOE642 did not alter $pH_i$ in control conditions, it decreased $pH_i$ in cells pre-exposed to FP, suggesting enhancement of NHE activity by FP. In addition, FP-induced intracellular acidosis was larger in cells pre-treated with HOE642 than in cells under the control conditions. These results suggest that FP induces intracellular acidosis and that NHE may contribute to extrude $H^+$ during the FP-induced acidosis in rat ventricular myocytes.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.42-45
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• 2016

$^{18}F-Florbetaben$은 베타아밀로이드 병리를 확인하여 인지 장애 및 의심 환자에게 보조적 진단으로 사용되고 있다. 지질 친화성의 특성과 에탄올이 첨가된 약제의 특성상 주사 후 3-way Set에 잔량과 주사 시 환자의 통증이 관심의 대상이 된다. 본 연구는 효과적인 방사성의약품의 주사와 환자 케어 및 우수한 영상을 위함이다. 내원환자 70명을 대상으로 하였고, 환자들에게 평균 $259{\pm}74MBq$의 $^{18}F-FDG$ (20명), $^{18}F-FP-CIT$ (20명), $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ (30명)을 3-way Set으로 주사(Reflusing 2회, Reflusing 3회 이상)를 하여 주사 후 잔량을 측정하였고, $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ 주사 시 사용되는 3-way Set와 Heparin Cap의 효율적인 주사방법을 알아보기 위해서 주사 후 잔량을 측정하여 SPSS 12.0 ANOVA, t-test 통계분석을 통하여 잔량을 비교분석 하였다. 그리고 $^{18}F-Florbetaben$의 통증 유발 성분의 에탄올 양을 측정하기 위하여 Gas Chromatography로 추가 분석을 실시해보았다. Reflusing 2회 시 $^{18}F-FDG$: 1.48 MBq (0.04 mCi), $^{18}F-FP-CIT$: 7.4 MBq (0.2 mCi), $^{18}F-Florbetaben$: 32.6 MBq (0.88 mCi)의 잔량이 측정 되었고 Reflusing 3회 이상 시 $^{18}F-FDG$: 1.85 MBq (0.05 mCi), $^{18}F-FP-CIT$: 3.7 MBq (0.10 mCi), $^{18}F-Florbetaben$: 36.3 MBq(0.98 mCi)의 잔량이 측정 되었다. 다중 비교결과 Reflusing 2회 시 잔량이 유의미한 차이가 있었고(P < 0.05), 3회 이상 시 $^{18}F-Florbetaben$과 $^{18}F-FDG$, $^{18}F-FP-CIT$는 잔량의 유의미한 차이가 있었으며(P < 0.05), $^{18}F-FDG$와 $^{18}F-FP-CIT$는 유의미한 차이가 없었다(P > 0.05). $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ 주사 후 잔량은 3-way Set: 32.6 MBq (0.88 mCi), 36.3 MBq (0.98 mCi)였고 Heparin Cap: 7.03 MBq (0.19 mCi)으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다(P < 0.05). Gas Chromatography 분석결과 에탄올: 207665 ppm, 아세톤: 377.4 ppm으로 나타났다. $^{18}F-Florbetaben$은 $^{18}F-FDG$와 $^{18}F-FP-CIT$에 비해 주사 후 잔량이 많았고, 통증을 유발하는 에탄올 성분의 수치가 높게 나타났다. 주사 시 3-way Set 방식보다는 Heparin Cap을 사용함이 잔량 감소에 더 효과적이었다. 그리고 주사 시 환자의 통증 완화를 위해서 천천히 주사함을 권고한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.215-219
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• 2012

The strain KCTC 11629BP, isolated from spontaneously fermented pine needle extract (FPE), showed fibrinolysis activity. The isolated strain was analyzed in physiological and biochemical experiments. Based on 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenic tree analysis, the strain was identified to be a part of the genus Acetobacter, with Acetobacter senegalensis and Acetobacter tropicalis as the closest phylogenetic neighbors. Based on genotypic and phenotypic results, it was proposed that bacterial strain KCTC 11629BP represents a species of the genus Acetobacter. The strain was thusly named Acetobacter sp. FP1. In conclusion, Acetobacter sp. FP1 isolated from FPE possesses fibrinolytic activity.

• 약학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2006

Cardiac chambers serve as mechanosensory systems during the haemodynamic or mechanical disturbances. To examine a possible role of fluid pressure (FP) in the regulatien of atrial $Ca^{2+}$ signaling we investigated the effect of FP on L-type $Ca^{2+}$ current $(I_{Ca})$ in rat ventricular myocytes using whole-cell patch-clamp technique. FP $(\sim40cm\;H_2O)$ was applied to whole area of single myocytes with electronically controlled micro-jet system. FP suppressed the magnitude of peak $I_{Ca}$ by $\cong25\%$ at 0 mV without changing voltage dependence of the current-voltage relationship. FP significantly accelerated slow component in inactivation of $I_{Ca}$, but not its fast component. Analysis of steady-state inactivation curve revealed a reduction of the number of $Ca^{2+}$ channels available for activity in the presence of FP. Dialysis of myocytes with high concentration of immobile $Ca^{2+}$ buffer partially attenuated the FP-induced suppression of $I_{Ca}$. In addition, the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ buttering abolished the FP-induced acceleration of slow component in $I_{Ca}$ inactivation. These results indicate that FP sup-presses $Ca^{2+}$ currents, in part, by increasing cytosolic $Ca^{2+}$ concentration.