• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.461-468
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• 2022

최근 빅데이터 산업의 발전으로 디지털 플랫폼에서 데이터 활용 서비스를 제공하는 사례가 증가하고 있다. 이와 관련해 데이터 관련 분야에서 (메타)데이터 품질, 서비스, 기능 등의 평가에 적용할 수 있는 FAIR 원칙을 데이터 품질 평가에 적용하여 활용하는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 특히, 유럽 오픈 데이터 포털에서는 FAIR 원칙 기반의 평가 모델을 적용하여 이를 기준으로 데이터 성숙도 평가를 시행하고 그 결과를 매년 보고서로 공개하고 있다. 이에 반해 공공데이터 포털에서는 메타데이터를 기반으로 한 데이터 성숙도 평가를 시행하고 있지 않다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 유럽 오픈 데이터 포털에서 데이터 성숙도 평가를 위해 사용되고 있는 FAIR 원칙을 국내 여러 공공데이터 포털 및 데이터 거래를 위해 구축된 빅데이터 플랫폼에 데이터 성숙도 평가를 위한 새로운 모델 제안하고 평가를 시행한다. 제안한 성숙도 평가 모델은 공공데이터 포털 데이터셋 품질을 평가하는 모델이다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.960-968
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• 2017

Machinima is a new medium of artistic expression that allows creators to produce faster and cheaper 3D animated works than ever before. However, the software owner controls all rights in the game. The principle of fair use allows for limited use of works without permission of the copyright owner for certain purposes. The application of the principle of fair use to any particular machinima will depend on the specific circumstances. In conclusion, in order to maintain the balance between the copyright owner and the user, the reasonable role of the court in Korea seems to be more important in interpreting the fair use clause.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2004년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.565-568
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• 2004

Facilities Sharing is defined as the access providers who is holding the telecommunications facilities rent their facilities to the access seekers who is not holding them to promote the fair competition among carriers in a narrow sense and to avoid the duplication of investment in a broad sense. MIC, the regulator in Korea, has revised the current policy of facilities access toward mandatory system. The purpose of this paper is to review the pricing principle of facilities sharing in major countries and to discuss the implications of this case study.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제66권
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• pp.149-170
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• 2015

State's compensation obligation accompanied in case of indirect expropriation of foreign investor's investment asset has been established definite principle under international investment law. But the concrete and unified application criterion regarding valuation methods for measuring compensation have not been established yet. The World Bank investment guideline is adopting the Hull's Formula, which is understood as the full compensation standard with prompt adequate effective compensation and Fair Market Value method. It is a general principle that compensation should be equal to the fair market value of investment asset just before indirect expropriation date. However, there is a problem of the valuation method of fair market value of investment asset. In general, discounted cash flow, liquidation value, replacement value, book value, etc. can be the applicable standards. Arbitral tribunals determine compensation by adopting proper valuation method on a case-by-case basis according to the discretion based on the arbitration parties' experts' review on the presented opinion and by considering fact relevance of the issued dispute. This compensation includes also interest, recently it tends to award according to compound interest rather than simple interest. Beginning of the period to generate interest is the next day of the indirect expropriation occurrence date. And it should be considered that interest until the payment of compensation is also included. In addition, it should be considered that mental damages is available only when there's a basis to prove this or special case. Therefore, this study suggests to review of precedents related to indirect expropriation and concretely specify compensation valuation standard and method of indirect expropriation on investment agreements through enough consultation beforehand.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.47-61
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• 2017

최근 개도국의 빈곤을 해소하기 위한 국제사회의 관심이 고조되고 있다. 공정무역은 공정한 거래를 통해 개도국의 빈곤을 해소하기 위한 실천으로 주목을 받았다. 본 연구는 공정무역이 개도국의 발전에 긍정적 효과를 가져오지 못한 점에 주목하여, 공정무역의 문제를 생산자의 하위주체성이란 맥락에서 고찰한다. 공정무역은 선진국과 개도국 간 파트너 관계를 강조한 공정성의 원리에 기초하여, 개도국의 지속가능한 발전을 지향하는 사회운동이었다. 하지만, 공정무역은 개도국의 가난을 극복할 수 있는 바람직한 실천이 아님이 밝혀지고 있다. 본 연구는 공정무역이 공정한 거래가 되지 못하는 이유를 선진국이 주도하는 원조성 프로그램의 일환으로 추진되었기 때문임을 밝히면서, 개도국의 생산자가 중심이 되는 공정무역의 실천을 제시한다. 이를 위해 개도국의 로컬은 개발에 대한 인식적 전환, 시장의 가치에 대한 재발견, 자유로서의 발전, 로컬의 개별성을 고려한 발전 방향을 포스트개발의 맥락에서 고려할 필요가 있다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제4권
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• pp.611-629
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• 2000

In the legislation interpretation and fundamental viewpoint about the legal system of insider trading, Japan strictly legislate under the proposition, the principle of 'nulla poena,' adopted 'the principle of limited enumeration,' and United states, under 'the principle of comprehension,' has entrusted courts with establishment of concrete concepts and standard, so the courts are very flexible in determining the range of insiders and the importance of inside information to show a strong will to eradicate insider trading. Korea has a legislative position of 'the principle of limited indication' which has been created by the negotiation between those principles of United states and Japan. Though this court has interpreted insider trading, insider trading using non-disclosed information has increased lately, needing the strengthening of its regulations. However, this shows us that sophisticate the regulations may be, the exposure of insider trading has limitations. The most important thing is to change recognition for transparency of the securities market, security of investors and to establish the atmosphere which is that fair stock trading made in a sound capital market to raise funds for corporation. The policies of improving unfair trading, self-regulation bodies, raising the transparency and legality of procedures of supervision and monitoring and applying 'compliance program' to stock companies are very needed to eliminate unfair trading in the securities market and establish the order of trading.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.187-213
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• 2012

The purpose of this article is to examine Fair and Equitable Treatment in International Investment Agreements. Most BITs and other investment treaties provide for FET of foreign investments. Today, this concept is the most frequently invoked standard in investment disputes. It is also the standard with the highest practical relevance: a majority of successful claims pursued in international arbitration are based on a violation of the FET standard. The concept of FET is not new but has appeared in international documents for some time. Some of these documents were nonbinding others entered into force as multilateral or bilateral treaties. Considerable debate has surrounded the question of whether the FET standard merely reflects the internationalminimum standard, as contained in customary international law, or offers an autonomous standard that is additional to general international law. As a matter of textual interpretation, it seems implausible that a treaty would refer to a well-known concept like the "minimum standard of treatment in customary international law" by using the expression "fair and equitable treatment." Broad definitions or descriptions are not the only way to gauge the meaning of an elusive concept such as FET. Another method is to identify typical factual situations to which this principle has been applied. An examination of the practice of tribunals demonstrates that several principles can be identified that are embraced by the standard of fair and equitable treatment. Some of the cases discussed clearly speak to the central roles of transparency, stability, and the investor's legitimate expectations in the current understanding of the FET standard. Other contexts in which the standard has been applied concern compliance with contractual obligations, procedural propriety and due process, action in good faith, and freedom from coercion and harassment. In short, meeting the investor's central legitimate concern of legal consistency, stability, and predictability remains a major, but not the only, ingredient of an investment-friendly climate in which the host state in turn can reasonably expect to attract foreign investment.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.156-168
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• 2012

최근에 강도, 살인, 강간 등 강력범죄의 발생이 사회적 문제로 대두되면서, 추가적인 범죄피해의 예방과 국민의 알권리의 보장을 위해 범죄인에 대한 신상공개제도를 입법화하고 이를 확대하려는 경향이 대두되고 있다. 이러한 분위기는 재판절차를 통해 형이 확정되지 아니한 특정 범죄의 피의자의 얼굴 등 신상을 수사단계에서 공개하는 입법을 가능하게 하여, 피의자의 얼굴 공개를 허용하는 것을 뼈대로 한 '특정강력범죄 처벌에 관한 특례법 개정안'이 2010년 4월 국회에서 통과되었다. 그러나 특정 강력범죄에 대한 신상공개가 범죄피해의 예방에 큰 효과가 있다는 사실이 경험적으로 확인된 바가 없을 뿐만 아니라, 법원의 판결이 있기도 전에 피의자의 신상정보가 언론에 공개됨으로써 헌법이 보장하고 있는 피의자의 프라이버시나 인격권 및 공정한 재판을 권리와 같은 기본권을 침해하는 것일 뿐만 아니라, 헌법상 무죄추정의 원칙, 적법절차의 원칙, 이중처벌금지의 원칙(일사부재리의 원칙), 명확성의 원칙, 과잉금지의 원칙에도 위배되고, 형법상 책임원칙에도 위배된다 할 것이다.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.37-48
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• 1981

There are more damages from collision at sea because of the multiple reasons of sea conditions. For the purpose of avoiding collision at sea, Internaitonal Regulations for Preventing Collision at Sea, 1972 as an international convention is in force having the nature of international navigating law. According to the nature of the convention and the principle of legislation of the convention, not only it has the preventing nature on collision but it is a basic rules to make clear the faults of collision between vessels by the admiralty court in the developed maritime countries. Since there is no so much case law on it in this country and not to fixed the legal theory to define the faults of collision in civil law as per the above convention, the further study of the civil liability on collision based upon the above convention shall be recognized in the principle of fair of the civil law.

• 한국영어학회지:영어학
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.547-570
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• 2003

There are a fair number of suffixes in English whose conditions on attachment refer to stress and/or segmental information contained within the words they attach to (see Siegel 1974, Jespersen 1942 and Marchand 1969). Through a wide study of relevant data, we will delve deeply into such phonological restrictions on the bases, which may as well be divided into four distinct types: haplological constraints; segmental constraints; prosodic constraints; and mixed types. We will further assume here that the category/ subcategorization requirements of affixes are subject to the Projection Principle (PP) as conceived in Kiparsky (1983). It will be shown how this PP interacts with phonological constraints placed upon the affix in question, especially in the treatment of-ful (inventful/mournful) or -en (longen/lengthen). Our account of problematic affixations in English is based on a number of violable constraints in OT.