• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.89-90
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• 2000

건식 침적은 강수가 없는 경우에 대기중의 오염물질이 식생, 토양, 수면 등의 지표면으로 직접 이동되는 과정을 일컫는 것으로서, 다음 식 (1)과 같이 대기중 오염물질의 농도와 건식 침적속도의 곱으로서 건식 침적속을 구할 수 있다. F=$V_d$.C 이때, F는 건식 침적속 (g/$\textrm{m}^2$/sec), $V_d$는 건식 침적속도 (m/sec), C는 대기중의 오염물질 농도 (g/$\textrm{m}^3$)이다. (중략)

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1419-1431
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• 2018

Let $f=h+{\bar{g}}$ be a harmonic mapping of the unit disk ${\mathbb{D}}$ with the holomorphic part h satisfying that h is injective and $h({\mathbb{D}})$ is an M-linearly connected domain. In this paper, we obtain the sufficient and necessary conditions for f to be bi-Lipschitz, which is in particular, quasiconformal. Moreover, some distortion theorems are also obtained.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.659-660
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• 2006

The low crosstalk row-decoder is studied for PoRAM applications. Because polymer-based memories can be more densely integrated than established silicon-based ones, PoRAM is highly sensitive for the crosstalk problem. To overcome the problem and to suggest the suitable decoder for PoRAM, this paper shows the comparison of the row-path characteristics for both the 2-stage dynamic logic decoder and the 2-stage static logic decoder. Moreover, to suppress the Glitch effect which is observed by using the static logic decoder, the Master-Slave(M/S) D-Flip/Flop(D-F/F) is applied as a deglitch. Finally, the improved output result of the 2-stage static logic decoder with the M/S D-F/F is shown..

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.903-910
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• 2003

Phospholipase D (PLD) plays an important role as a signaling molecule in the activation of neutrophils. In this study, effect of nitric oxide (NO) and cGMP on the activation of PLD in human neutrophils was investigated. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an agent to produce NO spontaneously in cells, alone increased PLD activity and the maximal activation was obtained with 0.5 mM SNP. Dibutyryl-cAMP, an agent to increase an intracellular cAMP concentration inhibited formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)-stimulated PLD activity but 8-bromo-cGMP (300 $\mu$M), an agent to increase an intracellular cGMP concentration did not affect basal and fMLP-stimulated PLD activity. NO-induced activation of PLD was not blocked by KT 5823, an inhibitor of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), suggesting that NO-induced PLD activation is not mediated by cGMP. NO also stimulated p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in human neutrophils, indicated by increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in Western blotting. NO-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK was not inhibited by KT 5823 or n-butanol. RhoA, an regulatory factor of PLD activation was trans-located from cytosolic fraction to plasma membranes by fMLP or phorbol ester, and fMLP-stimulated but not phorbol ester-stimulated translocation of RhoA was inhibited by cGMP. These results suggest that NO stimulates PLD activity through other unidentified facto.(s) than cGMP even though cGMP inhibits the artivation of RhoA.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.99-105
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• 2000

One dimensional magneto-photonic crystal having structure of (A/B)$^{k/W}$(B/A)$^{k}$ , where M is a magnetic layer of highly Bi-substituted iron garnet, A and B are dielectric layers of $SiO_2$ and T $a_2$O$_{5/}$, and k is the stacking number of the dielectric layers, has been numerically analyzed as a function of the thickness (d$_{M}$) of M (1∼535 nm) and the stacking numer of k (5∼15). The transmittance, Faraday rotation, and figure of merit of the magneto-photonic crystal have been investigated both in the visible and infrared wavelengths. A factor of several and several tens greater Faraday rotation and figure of merit have been obtained compared to the single layer of M, at many localized modes. In the visible the maximum figure of merit of 0.15 was obtained ( = 720 nm) when k = 11 and d$_{M}$ = 375 nm with T : 0.54, $\theta$$_{F}$ = 8.13$^{\circ}$, which was a factor of 30 greater than that of single garnet layer. Much greater maximum figure of merit, 0.285, was obtained in the infrared ( = 1114 nm) when k = 11 and d$_{M}$ = 800 nm with T = 0.66, $\theta$$_{F}$ = 18$^{\circ}$, which was a factor of 100 greater than that of single garnet layer.

• BMB Reports
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 1995

Dopamine mediates inhibitory responses in Helix aspersa neurons from the right parietal lobe ("F-lobe") of the circumoesophageal ganglia. The effects appeared as a dose-dependent hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane and a decrease in the occurrence of spontaneous action potentials. The average hyperpolarization with 5 ${\mu}m$ dopamine was -12 mV (${\pm}1.5$mV, S.D., n=12). Dopamine also modulated the currents 'responsible for shaping the action potentials in these neurons. When dopamine was added and action potentials were triggered by an injection of current, the initial depolarization was slowed, the amplitude and the duration of action potentials were decreased, and the after-hyperpolarization was more pronounced. The amplitude and the duration of action potential were reduced about 15 mV and about 13% by 5 ${\mu}m$ dopamine, respectively. The effects of dopamine on the resting membrane potentials and the action potentials of Helix neurons were dose-dependent in the concentration range 0.1 ${\mu}m$ to 50 ${\mu}m$. In order to show 1) that the effects of dopamine were mediated by dopamine receptors rather than by direct action on ionic channels and 2) which type of dopamine receptor might be responsible for the various effects, we assayed the ability of mammalian dopamine receptor antagonists, SCH-23390 (antagonist of D1 receptor) and spiperone (antagonist of D2 receptor), to block the dopamine-dependent changes. The D1 and D2 antagonists partially inhibited the dopamine-dependent hyperpolarization and the decrease in action potential amplitude. They both completely blocked the decrease in action potential duration and the increase in action potential after-hyperpolarization. The dopamine-induced slowdown of the depolarization in the initial phase of the action potentials was less effected by SCH-23390 and spiperone. From the results we suggest 1) that Helix F-lobe neurons may have a single type of dopamine receptor that binds both SCH-23390 and spiperone and 2) that the dopamine receptor of Helix F-lobe neurons may be homologous with and primitive to the family of mammalian dopamine receptors.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.41-44
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• 1977

Production of haploids in vitro anther culture of Nicotiana tabacum L. was oriented in a large number on a chemically defined culture medium. The haploids were screened for T.M.V. resistance and the segregating ratio in F$_1$ were in good agreement with the expected ratio.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.865-874
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• 2004

The present paper treats with a subfoliation of a CR-foliation F on an almost Hermitian manifold M. When M is locally conformal almost Kahler, it has three OR-foliations. We show that a CR-foliation F on such manifold M admits a canonical subfoliation D(1/ F) defined by its totally real subbundle. Furthermore, we investigate some cohomology classes for D(1/ F). Finally, we construct a new one from an old locally conformal almost K hler (in particular, an almost generalized Hopf) manifold.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1371-1375
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• 2005

The paper has analyzed the influence of tire design variable on the tire Force and Moment (F&M) characteristics, especially by the belt angle, the Plysteer Residual Aligning Torque (PRAT) which is considered as one of the causing factors for the vehicle pull. To validate the tire FE model, the tire stiffness and the PRAT which can be derived from the simulation data have been compared with the experimental data of test machine. In addition to PRAT characteristic, the tire stiffness and cornering characteristics due to the belt angle have been investigated. The effects of drum's curvature on the PRAT have been also investigated using the tire FE model and the usefulness of the current drum type F&M test machine can be confirmed.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.671-686
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• 1994

다양체 M은 매끈하고(smooth) 콤팩트(compact) n 차원 리만다양체이고, 실가함수 f는 M상에서 미분가능 함수임을 가정한다. Morse 함수는 임계점(critical point)들이 모두 비퇴화(non-degenerate)인 실가함수이다. 만약 함수 f가 Morse 함수이고, 임의의 점 $x \in M$에서 $\gamma_x$는 x를 통과하는 흐름(flow)이면 $$ (*) \frac{d\gamma_x(t)}{dt} + \bigtriangledown_{\gamma x(t)}(f) = 0 $$ 이다. 여기서 $\bigtriangledown(f)$는 함수 f에 의해서 정의되는 기울기 벡터장이고 초기조건 $\gamma_x(0) = x$ 이다.