• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2007

External treatments have various curative effects. So it had been used to cure various patients. Especially, Zhao-Xue-Min(趙學敏) had thought that there are useful treatments of wander doctors. So, the "Chuan-Ya(串雅)" had been written by Zhao-Xue-min in 1759. The book had included treatments of wander doctors. it had included various external treatments. Therefore we would like to bring out it's external treatments in the part of ophthalmic, otolaryngologic and surgical diseases. We have researched external treatments of "Chuan-Ya", and then we have arrived at following conclusions. "Chuan-Ya" has 56 sentences that have related to external treatments in the part of ophthalmic, otolaryngologic and surgical diseases. And then, the treatments were, for the most of the part, bathing therapy, application therapy.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.97-107
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate recent clinical studies on the effect of external therapy for infantile anorexia. Methods We searched for the study at CNKI by a keyword 'xiaoaryanshizheng' after 2010. 40 clinical studies which were using one external therapy method were selected. Result Selected 40 clinical studies were divided into six types of external therapy. The subjects for these clinical studies were between three months and 14 years old children. The number of the subjects was between 20 and 260. The period of treatment was between three days and three months. Only using one external therapy for infantile anorexia had 84.62%-100% cure rate. Conclusions Based on these clinical studies, external therapy has been shown as an effective treatment on infantile anorexia.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.67-78
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• 2001

From the study of acupuncture and external diseases on mammary diseases, the following conclusions are obtained. 1. Point Shanzhong, Shaoze and Rugen are often used for galactostasis in acupuncture. 2. Often used vessels for galactostasis in acupuncture are Stomach Meridian, Conception Vessel, Small Intestine Meridian, Bladder Meridian, Liver Meridian and Large Intestine Meridian in order. 3. The direct stimulations are used in external treatment for galactostasis, often accompanied by internal medical treatment, to promote the circulation of Qi and Blood. 4. Point Zuimup, Guangming of Gall bladder Meridian and Zusanli of Stomach Meridian is used for lactation pain in acupuncture. 5. Point Jianjing, Zusanli and Shanzhong are most often used for acuremastitis and breast cancer in acupuncture. 6. Often used vessels for acuremastitis and breast cancer in acupuncture are Stomach Meridian, Gall bladder Meridian, Conception Vessel, Small Intestine Meridian, Bladder Meridian, Pericardium Meridian in order. 7. The external treatment used for acuremastitis and breast cancer can be classed into its pathological period. When lactation is interrupted, Kumhwang Powder, Okro Powder, Robongbang, Allii Radix, Pinelliae Rhizoma, garlic moxibustion and Arusaenatus Rgizoma powder are used. When pus is piled up, Chunghwa Extracts, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Leonuri Herba, Typa Latifolia, Taraxacum platycarpum, Phaseolus angularis, Manchong, Crvi Cornus latex, and Aucklandiae Radix are used. When pus flows down, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Extract, nine-one pellet, Yongboo extract, eight-dampness extract, Tissue-regeneration Powder, Toad-net treatment, Kitten-hair, Hongseung pellet are used. 8. Stomach Meridian, Conception Vessel, Small Intestine Meridian, Gall Bladder Meridian, Bladder Meridian are most often used vessels for mammary diseases. From the conclusions above, It appears that the medical effect could be maximized by further studying and developing of the acupuncture and external treatment for mammary diseases according to the its nature, while accompanying internal medicine appropriately at the same time.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.653-664
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• 2015

When the structural analysis is performed for the concrete lining of the water pressure tunnel, many parameters are considered such as relaxed ground loads, internal water pressure, external water pressure, the shrinkage of the concrete lining, grouting pressure, etc. But, there are no standards and manuals for the structural analysis for the concrete lining of the water pressure tunnel. Above all, the external water pressure has an much effect on the stability of tunnel. So, in case that permeability of ground is large, the external water pressure should be decreased by installation of weep hole, or reinforced ground by ground improvement grouting should be pressed by the external water pressure instead. But, when weep hole is installed to reduce the external water pressure, the many problems may me occurred. Thus, reasonable approach for treatment of the external water pressure is necessary if weep hole is not installed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze design cases and studies for treatment of the external water pressure in performing structural analysis for the concrete lining of the water pressure tunnel, and to find reasonable method for tunnel lining modeling which is the treatment of the external water pressure according to permeability of ground and consequently the design of ground improvement grouting.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.911-919
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• 2004

The purpose of this research was evaluated economical effect to apply alternative external carbon source. Conventional activated sludge process in municipal wastewater treatment plant was adapted and introduced to Biological nutrient removal processes to meet the newly enforced effluent quality standard for nutrient removal in Korea. Low $COD/NH_4^+-N$ ratio and higher nutrient concentration of influent characteristics force to inject external carbon source for denitrifying recycled nitrate. In the most case, methanol was used as external carbon source. But Methanol is expensive and very dangerous in handling. So we could find cheaper and safer external carbon source substituted methanol in last study. This alternative external carbon source is named RCS(recoverd carbon source) and a by-product of fine chemical product at chemical plant. When RCS was applied real municipal wastewater treatment plant, average $55\~65\%$ of T-N removal efficiency, 8.8mg/l of effluent T-N concentration, 11.3mg/l of effleunt COD concentration were obtained without effluent COD increase as against used methanol. To apply RCS in municipal wastewater treatment plant obtain approximately $\74.5%$ expenditure cost reduction in comparison with methanol dosage cost.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.107-121
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• 2004

Midface and maxillary distraction osteogenesis (DO) can be an alternative treatement modality for the craniofacial syndrome patients and cleft lip and palate patients. Rigid External Distraction (RED) II system has more advantages in the force vector control than the other types of distraction systems. Despite of increasing popularity of RED system there is few report on the failure factors. Some considerations should be pointed out in using RED II system for successful treatment; the rigidity of intraoral splint, complete separation of bony segment, and the cooperation of patients. Orthodontists, surgeons, and patients have the same amount of responsibility for the successful midface and maxillary DO using RED II system from the beginning to the end of the treatment.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.185-208
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• 1997

A Literatual Study on the external treatment of eye diseases, the result were as follows. 1. The external treatment of eye diseases used eyedrops(點,滴), steam bath(熏), washing(洗), plaster(敷). 2. Eyedrops used filterated decoction. 3. Eye diseases used Bomeolum(永片), Coptidis Rhiwma(黃連), Angelicae gigantis Radix(當歸) with clearing away heat and toxic materials, clearing away swelling, pain, ithing and convulsion, clearing away nebula 4. Eye diseases used B-1(晴明), B-2(찬竹), Tae-Yang(太陽), S-1(承泣), G-1(瞳子료), S-2(四白), TE-23(絲竹空), Eo-Yo(魚腰), G-14(陽白), Gu-Hu(球後), G-20(風池), B-18(肝兪), LI-4(合谷), Liv-3(太衡, B-23(腎兪), G-37(光明), Liv-2(行間), GV-23(上星), and S-36(足三里).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 2007

Purpose : This article was a quasi-experimental study that applies to external -feedback weight-bearing training among hemiplegic patients with a stoke. Methods : It examined whether position sense and balance can improve fall efficacy and prevent a fall. The subject of study was divided in two; Experimental group had 18 people and control group had 16 people. It took 8 weeks to finish training. Experimental group provides external-feedback weight-bearing training for ten minutes after neurological treatment for 20 minutes and control group provides nerves treatment for 30 minutes. To find the effect of a fall assessed position sense, balance and fall efficacy of the lower limbs before the fact, after 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Results : According to the conclusions, external-feedback weight-bearing training to prevent a fall was more effective intervention in experimental group than in control group. Conclusion : This study suggests that external-feedback weight-bearing training is a intervention to prevent the fall of hemiplegic patients with a stroke effectively.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.19 no.3 s.31
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• pp.201-208
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• 2006

Object : In this study, the effect of herbal external therapy, aromatherapy, herb medication against atopic dermatitis was investigated. Method : Atopic dermatitis grade and the effect of medication was determined using Kunz type and SCORAD index. Atopic dermatitos lesion was checked by taking pictures Result : The patient's admission SCORAD index was 74.2 but during 32 days admission treatment the patients's symptoms are getting reduced. At last when she discharged, the SCORAD index was 16.1. Conclusion : In this study, herbal external therapy, aromatherapy and herb medication were shown to treat atopic dermatitis effectively by decreasing itching, oozing, crust, dryness, lichenification. It is very possible that external therapy can offer a valuable mode of the treatment of not only atopic dermatitis but also another eczema.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.191-210
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• 2000

The Literatual Study on Treatment of Toothbleeding Through the literatual study on treatment of toothbleeding, we concluded as follows, 1. The causes of the toothbleeding are divided into heat of stomach (胃熱) and deficiency of renal (腎虛). If caused by heat of stomach, the treatment methods are Ryang-Hyul-Ji-Hyul(凉血止血), Cheong-Yul-Sa-Hwa(淸熱瀉火). If caused by deficiency of renal, the treatment methods are Ryang-Hyul-Ji-Hyul(凉血止血), Ja-Eum-Gang-Hwa(滋陰降火). 2. The medications are several - taking a medicine for internal use(內服法), keeping with one's mouth full of an infusion and spoutting it Haamsoobup(含漱法), and others like taking a medicine for external use(外用法) only. 3. The treatment drugs divided by medication are as follows : Taking a medicine for internal use : Cheongwesan(淸胃散), Gamroeum(甘露飮), Joweseunggitang(調胃承氣湯), Seogagjihwangtang(犀角地黃湯), Yugmijihwangtang(六味地黃湯), Palrnihwan(八味丸), Soansinhwan(小安腎丸) etc... Haamsoobup : Gudogeum(救毒飮), Jihwangtang(地黃湯), Mangchosan(莽章散) etc... Taking a medicine for external use : Pilseungsan(必勝散), Rogposan(綠包散, Hyunggeousan(荊槐散), Bingoksan(氷玉散), Sahyangsan(麝香散), Ulgeumsan(鬱金散), Yongnoisan(龍腦激) are used. 4. A coposition of the medication : Cheong-Yul medicine(淸熱藥), Bo-IK medicine(補益藥), Ji-Hyul medicine(止血藥), Gae-Gyu medicine(開竅藥), Su-sap medicine(收澁藥) are mainly used. Cheong-Yul medicine : Rehmanniae Radix(鮮地黃), Moutan Cotex(牧丹皮), Coptidis Rhizoma(黃連), Scutellariae Radix(黃芩) Bo-Ik medicine : Glycyrrhizae Radix(甘草), Angelicae gigantis Radix(當歸), Rehmanniae Radix Preparat(熟地黃), Ginseng Radix(人蔘) Ji-Hyul medicine : Biotae Cacumen(側柏葉), Sophorae Flos(槐花), Typhae Pollen(蒲黃) Gae-Gyu medicine : Moschus(麝香), Bomeolum(氷片) Su-sap medicine : Alumem(白礬) 5. A result of the observation on the medication : Taking a medicine for internal use : Glycyrrhizae Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, Rehmanniae Radix, Moutan Cortex, Scutellariae Radix are used. Yugmijihwangtang and Cheong-Yul medicine are mainly used. Taking a medicine for external use : Alumem, Moschus, Salt(鹽), Asari herba cum Radice(細辛) are mainly used. Especially there is a method that uses a burnt drug. Haamsoobup and taking a medicine for external use : Medicines of Cheong-Yul-Ryang-Hyul(淸熱凉血) and Su-Ryum-Ji-Hyul(收斂止血) are used.