• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.53-89
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• 2024

The effects of the betterment of enforced intellectual property rights (IPRs) provisions on services export diversification are investigated. The analysis used an unbalanced panel dataset of 76 developing countries over the period of 1970-2014. The empirical analysis is based on the feasible generalized least squares estimator. It suggests that the implementation of weaker IPR protection fosters services export diversification in less developed countries (i.e., those whose real per capita incomes are less than US$US$ 1458.60), including those with a low level of export product upgrading. Conversely, in relatively advanced developing countries (countries whose real per capita income exceeds US$ 3356.80), including those with high levels of export product upgrading, the implementation of stronger IPR laws induces greater services export diversification. Finally, the analysis revealed the existence of a non-linear relationship between IPR protection and services export diversification. The implementation of stronger intellectual property laws spurs services export diversification in countries with high degree of IPR protection, especially when IPR protection exceeds a certain level, recorded here as having a score of 1.197. In contrast, in countries with weaker IPR protection, in particular those with IPR protection levels that score less than 0.915, it is rather the implementation of weaker intellectual property laws that promotes services export diversification.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.171-184
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of internationalized human capital on SME's export performance and to examine the moderating effects of export experience and export market diversification of SMEs that can affect the relationship between internationalized human capital and export performance of SMEs. The results of empirical analysis of 150 small and medium-sized enterprises located in Jeonnam province are as follows. First, the internationalized human capital of SMEs was found to have a positive (+) effect on export performance. Second, as a result of empirically analyzing the moderating effect of internationalized human capital on export performance, the export experience of SMEs was found to have a negative (-) moderating effect on the relationship between internationalized human capital and export performance of SMEs, and the export market diversification had a negative (-) moderating effect on the relationship between internationalized human capital and export performance of SMEs. This study provides meaningful theoretical implications in that this study identified the role of human capital by analyzing the relationship between internationalized human capital as an important source of competitive advantage of SMEs and export performance.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2019

This paper studies whether export diversification mitigated the negative effect of the global financial crisis on exports using the Korean case. Specifically, we use annual data on the exports of 24 Korean manufacturing industries from 2000 to 2016 and examine whether the negative effect of the crisis on exports was less prevalent in industries that were more diversified in terms of country and product. We also examine whether export competitiveness, as measured by the revealed comparative advantage index by industry, had a mitigating effect on trade during the crisis. In order to study these issues, we use panel regression with a fixed-effect model for 24 Korean manufacturing industries. From our empirical analysis, we find that country diversification weakened the negative impact of the global financial crisis on Korea's exports, whereas neither product diversification nor export competitiveness did so.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권8호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2018

Purpose - Indonesian economy often receives negative impact from external factors, particularly through trade linkage. To mitigate that impact, the export market and product diversification should be established. Latin America is one of the potential regions to augment the Indonesian export market. Research design, data, and methodology - This study attempts to classify the potential market and product for Indonesian export, particularly in Latin America, by using panel regression, trade complementarity, and export similarity index over the period 2000-2015. Regression was also used to examine whether the presence of the Indonesian Trade Promotion Center (ITPC) can support diversification. Results - Based on regression results, those indexes established Chile, Uruguay, Suriname, and Ecuador as the priority countries with the products: animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes; chemicals and related products; miscellaneous manufactured articles; commodities and transactions. Conclusions - The results of the regression concludes that the trade complementarity index gave a significant positive effect to boost Indonesian export, whereas, the export similarity index gave a significant negative effect. The regression also conclude that ITPC gave a significant positive impact on Indonesian export. For instance, the government should prioritize those countries and products and also develop ITPC there to optimize Indonesian export.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2014

Flounder was selected as one of the 10 strategic export aquaculture products for seafood export expansion in 2013. The flounder aquaculture industry has promoted export market diversification and product diversification from live to processed goods as a it's main strategy. The purpose of this study is to find an improvement plan for export expansion to the United States, as it emerged as a new target export market for the flounder. A summary of the key findings is as follows. First, the western region of the United States prefers to consume live and fresh flounder, whereas the eastern region prefers to consume fresh flounder. Second, because of it's high quality, Korean flounder is favored in the western region of the United States despite it's high price, whereas in the eastern region of the United States, where production volume is high, Korean flounder has to compete with US flounders because of it's high price. Third, according to the survey results, US consumers tend to enjoy seafood, as well as flounder cuisines. Fourth, the main consumption place of flounders by US consumers are restaurants, and they prefer to consume them in the form of sashimi and sushi. Fifth, 70% of US consumers expressed willingness to consume flounder when eating out. which shows great market potential. However, the high price of Korean flounder and limited size of the live fish market act as major obstacles to expanding export volume. To expand exporting Korean flounder, continuos efforts such as price reduction, exporting highly fresh fish, the co-development of processed food with the US are needed.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.435-445
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• 2018

본 연구는 자동차 부품 기업이 수출다변화 전략을 수립함에 있어서 고려할 영향요인과 전략의 중요도와 우선순위를 분석하였다. 기업의 수출다변화 전략은 기업이 보유하고 있는 내부 역량과 외부 환경을 중심으로 결정되어 왔다. 선행문헌을 리뷰하고, 전문가 6명을 대상으로 인터뷰를 실시하였다. 문헌 리뷰와 인터뷰 결과를 교차분석하여 영향요인을 선정하였으며, 다기준 의사결정 기법인 AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process)을 활용 분석하였다. 설문조사는 수출업무경험을 갖고 있는 자동차 부품기업 재직자 87명을 대상으로 전자메일 및 직접조사를 통해서 수행하였고, 최종 68명의 설문이 유효하였다. 이를 분석한 결과, 영향요인들의 상대적 중요도와 우선순위를 결정하였다. 영향요인간 쌍대비교를 하고 이들의 상대적 중요값을 결정하였다. 그리고 대안으로는 Porter(1985)의 본원적 경쟁전략 이론을 근거로 하였다. 분석결과, 중요도는 평균적으로 내부역량, 상호관계, 구매자 영향, 진입장벽, 기술력 대응, 경쟁환경 순으로 나타났다. 해외 브랜드 수준이 높은 권역은 제품차별화, 저원가, 집중화 순이며, 수준이 낮은 권역은 저원가, 제품차별화, 집중화 순으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 자동차부품 중소기업이 수출다변화 전략 채택을 위한 대안을 마련하여 상황에 맞는 전략을 수립할 수 있다는 것에 의미가 있다. 자동차부품 수출 다변화는 세계권역별 다양한 특성의 맞춤형 전략 수립이 필요하며, 또한 수출다변화를 위한 내부역량 뿐만아니라 동시에 현지 구매자와 그 상호관계가 중요한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2019

본 연구는 미-중 무역분쟁을 보다 장기적인 관점에서 'G2 리스크'로 정의하고 급변하는 세계무역환경 속에서 중소기업 수출지원제도의 문제점을 진단하고 개선방안을 논의하고 있다. 중소기업 수출지원제도는 이를 총괄하는 컨트롤 타워가 부재하고, 사업별로 제도가 운용되면서 정책 간 중복으로 인해 행정적 낭비가 발생할 수 있다는 문제점이 있다. 이러한 문제를 개선하기 위해서 첫째, 중소기업 수출지원제도를 총괄하는 컨트롤 타워를 명확하게 설정해야 할 것이다. 둘째, 컨트롤 타워를 명확하게 설정한 이후 중장기 로드맵을 구축하여 중소기업 수출지원제도의 효율적인 운영방안을 마련해야 할 것이다. 셋째, 개별 수출지원조직의 역할과 책임을 명확하게 한 후 조직 간 협력을 강화할 필요가 있다. 마지막으로 중소기업 수출지원제도가 잘 수립되고 운영되고 있는지 여부를 확인하기 위해서는 올바른 성과평가기준과 환류시스템을 마련하는 것이 중요하다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2019

Purpose - In the digital era, technology advancement enables goods and services to be produced more efficiently but also create economy risk in the global economy including Indonesia. Previous studies stated that the risk can be mitigated through export diversification. This study investigates strategy to expand the markets for existing products and explore the potential market. Research design, data, and methodology - The criteria was followed using a review and considerations combination through the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) to determine the priority product in trading house of Indonesia. This study implemented market share to explore those products' markets and compare it to other ASEAN countries. Results - The Indonesian potential products are T-shirts, singlets and other vests of textile materials, knitted or crocheted (excluding cotton); food preparations; medicaments consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes; soap in the form of flakes, granules, powder, paste or in aqueous solution; and cocoa powder, not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter. The market analysis also showed that Indonesia still had not optimally accessed yet the largest market in the world for each product. Conclusions - The government should focus more on increasing the competitiveness of those products, particularly in those global marketplaces.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.343-368
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• 2006

The rapid expansion of regionalism has resulted in the creation of blocs of the global economy, so that those countries not belonging to one or more blocs can be discriminated. The purpose of this paper is to examine the competition policy theoretically, international background with issues, and discussion trend of global enterprise. By doing them, this paper suggests the responsive plan, future prospects, and policy directions for the competition policy by distribution service. There is not a statistically significant relationship between international diversification strategy and firm performance. However, we observed some tendency that the larger the firm size, the higher the firm performance, assuming the degree of international diversification or multinationality to be constant. However, the export productivity increase after 1~2 years, and there exits a clear evidence that the innovation investment increases a firm's export competitiveness as time goes on.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.239-262
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• 2009

This study shed light on the status of Korean Kimchi industry in overseas markets and presented methods for promoting Kimchi industry of Gwangju Jeonnam metropolitan city and stimulating the export of Kimchi produced in Gwangju Jeonnam, a city that has come to the fore as the center of Kimchi industry, which aimed to explore the ways of ratcheting up competitiveness of Kimchi industry in the global market as Kimchi has become more likely to be globalized amid the recent "Korea Trend" boom and the growing consumption of fermented food. Therefore, methods for promoting Kimchi industry and stimulating the export of Kimchi should be explored to ensure the promotion of Kimchi industry and the stimulation of the export of Kimchi, ultimately restoring the status of Korea as the home of Kimchi, in consideration of the great spillover effect on the regional economy, through a series of measures such as the clusterization of Kimchi industry, expansion of cultural experience projects related to Kimchi for the globalization and the increased consumption of Kimchi, government support to increase Kimchi companies in size and achieve the modernization of Kimchi companies, introduction of Kimchi KS audit system and quality certification system, development of new product targeting global market and making Kimchi a high-end product, expansion of export, support of export market diversification, assurance of safety and price competitiveness of Kimchi, differentiated production and marketing strategy by means of technological research, and others.