• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.95-107
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• 2006

Purpose : Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix is a herb with an effect on extravasated blood and is widely used in gynecology. This study examine, the effects of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix on endometriosis. Methods : Rats with surgically induced endometriosis were administered Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix for 40 days. The size of the ectopic uterine implants at the serosal wall and the concentration of progesterone, estradiol, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-2, 4, 6 and 10 in the blood were examined and compared with the control group. Results : The size of the ectopic uterine implants in the treated group was much smaller than that in the control group. The estradiol concentration was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group. The IL-10 level was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. The TNF-${\alpha}$ level was lower in the experimental group than in the control group but the difference was not significant. The progesterone, IL-2, 4, 6 levels were similar in the experimental and control groups. Conclusion : These results indicate that Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix reduces the size of ectopic uterine implants at the serosal wall and inhibits the growth of ectopic uterine implants. This suggests that Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix is an effective treatment for endometriosis.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.305-316
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• 2015

The study of grinding behavior characteristics on the metal powders has recently gained scientific interest due to their useful applications to enhance advanced nano materials and components. This could significantly improve the property of new mechatronics integrated materials and components. So, a new evaluation method for standardizing grinding equipment and a comparative study for the grinding experiment during the grinding process with various grinding mills were investigated. The series of grinding experiments were carried out by a traditional ball mill, stirred ball mill, and planetary ball mill with various experimental conditions. The relationship between the standardization of equipment and experimental results showed very significant conclusions. Furthermore, the comparative study on the grinding experiment, which investigated changes in particle size, particle morphology, and crystal structure of materials with changes in experimental conditions for grinding equipment, found that the value of particle size distribution is related to the various experimental conditions as a revolution speed of grinding mill and media size.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.202-207
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• 2004

An elastic-plastic finite element analysis of fatigue crack closure is performed for plane strain conditions. The stabilization behavior of crack opening level and the effect of mesh size on the crack opening stress are investigated. In order to obtain a stabilized crack opening level for plane strain conditions, the crack must be advanced through approximately four times the initial monotonic plastic zone. The crack opening load tends to increase with the decrease of mesh size. The mesh size nearly equal to the theoretical plane strain cyclic plastic zone size may provide reasonable numerical results comparable with experimental crack opening data. The crack opening behavior is influenced by the crack growth increment and discontinuous opening behavior is observed. A procedure to predict the most appropriate mesh size for different stress ratio is suggested. Crack opening loads predicted by the FE analysis based on the procedure suggested resulted in good agreement with experimental ones within the error of 5 %. Effect of the distance behind the crack tip on the crack opening load determined by the ASTM compliance offset method based on the load-displacement relation and by the rotational offset method based on the load-differential displacement relation is investigated. Optimal gage location and method to determine the crack opening load is suggested.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.697-716
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• 2009

This paper summarizes an experimental and analytical study on the seismic behavior of high strength reinforced concrete columns under cyclic loading. In total six cantilever columns with different sizes and concrete compressive strengths were tested. Three columns, small size, had a $325{\times}325$ mm cross section and the three other columns, medium size, were $520{\times}520$ mm. Concrete compressive strength was 80, 130 and 180 MPa. All specimens were designed in accordance with the Japanese design guidelines. The tests demonstrated that, for specimens made of 180 MPa concrete compressive strength, spalling of cover concrete was very brittle followed by a significant decrease in strength. Curvature was much important for the small size than for the medium size columns. Concrete compressive strength had no effect on the curvature distribution for a drift varying between -2% and +2%. However, it had an effect on the drift corresponding to the peak moment and on the equivalent viscous damping variation. Simple equations are proposed for 1) evaluating the concrete Young's modulus for high strength concrete and for 2) evaluating the moment-drift envelope curves for the medium size columns knowing that of the small size columns. Experimental moment-drift and axial strain-drift histories were well predicted using a fiber model developed by the authors.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.215-228
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• 2020

Underlying dress forms for high coverage patterns are very important in the dress industry. Size 9 from brand D was chosen according to the analysis that it was the best option because a dress should have a large allowable range in one size. The criteria for selection were the dress form with a waist circumference of 63.50 centimeters, which is close to the standard size of women in Korea. Brassieres for dresses were included to enhance the aesthetic value of the correction process in producing a basic dress pattern. An experimental torso pattern was applied to evaluate the fit and suitability of the dress form that was also later verified in the process of the dress works. Three dresses were produced and presented on the chosen study dress form. The research procedures are as follows. First, the sell-through rates and feedbacks were collected from the dress form vendor. Second, a literature survey on dresses and a dress company investigation were conducted. Third, the amount of body dimension changes due to the use of a bra in the dresses were examined. Fourth, after the correction of the dress form, the torso pattern was made by draping. Fifth, the torso experimental clothing made of muslin material was evaluated. Sixth, the dress works of the top design were presented using the size 9 basic pattern developed by brand D.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.174-181
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• 2014

This study investigates the effects of nanoparticle size and temperature on the thermal conductivity enhancement of water-based alumina ($Al_2O_3$) nanofluids, using the centrifuging method and relative centrifugal forces of differing magnitude to produce nanofluids of three different particles without involving any dispersants or surfactants. We determined the coupling dependency in thermal conductivity enhancement relative to nanoparticle size and temperature of the alumina nanofluids and also experimentally showed that the effect of temperature on thermal conductivity is strongly dependent on nanoparticle size. Also, our experimental data presented that the effective medium theory models such as the Maxwell model and Hasselman and Johnson model are not sufficient to explain the thermal conductivity of nanofluids since they cannot account for the temperature- and size-dependent nature of water-based alumina nanofluids.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 2004

In this study, the experiment was carried out to investigate and analyze the influence of coarse aggregate's mix ratio and maximum size on the properties of concrete. The main experimental variables were water/cement ratio 45% and 65%, coarse aggregate/fine aggregate ratio 90%, 130% and 170%, maximum size of coarse aggregate 15mm, 25mm and 40mm. According to the test results, the principal conclusions are summarized as follows. 1) The slump and flow of fresh concrete were found to be higher in the order of G/S ratio 170%, 130%, 90%, also in the order of maximum size 40mm, 25mm, 15mm. 2) The compressive strength of hardened concrete were found to be higher in the order of G/S ratio 170%, 130%, 90%, also in the order of maximum size 15mm, 25mm, 40mm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.3 no.2 s.9
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• pp.139-145
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• 2003

This study is to propose reduction effect of scour depth and a optimum size of circular collar through experimental analyses with various collar sizes. To do so, we carried out hydraulic model experiments. In the case of with considering the collar, the effect of reduction of scour depth increased according to the increase of collar size. When size of collar is 2 as the ratio of collar diameter(W) to pier diameter(D), scour depth is decreased about 67% and deposition height is increased about 70%. The optimal size of collar proposed in this study is W/D=2 by analyzing reduction effect of scour depth, size of scour hole, and deposition height.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 2019

An anchorage system is essential for most reinforced concrete structures to connect building components. Therefore, the prediction of strength of the anchor is very important issue for safety of the structures themselves as well as structural components. The prediction models in existing design codes are, however, not applicable for large anchors because they are based on the small size anchors with diameters under 50 mm. In this paper, new prediction models for strength of a single anchor, especially the tensile strength of a single anchor, is developed from the experimental results with consideration of size effect. Size effect in the existing models such as ACI or CCD method is based on the linear fracture mechanics which is very conservative way to consider the size effect. Therefore, new models are developed based on the nonlinear fracture mechanics rather than the linear fracture mechanics for more reasonable prediction. New models are proposed by the regression analysis of the experimental results and it can predict the tensile strength of both small and large anchors.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.135-143
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• 2022

Soils are natural granular materials whose mechanical properties differ according to the size and composition of the particles, so soils exhibit an obvious scale effect. Traditional soil mechanics is based on continuum mechanics, which can not reflect the impact of particle size on soil mechanics. On that basis, a matrix-reinforcing-particle cell model is established in which the reinforcing particles are larger-diameter sand particles and the matrix comprises smaller-diameter bentonite particles. Since these two types of particles deform differently under shear stress, a new shear-strength theory under direct shear that considers the stress concentration and bypass phenomena of the matrix is established. In order to verify the rationality of this theory, a series of direct shear tests with different reinforcing particle diameter and volume fraction ratio are carried out. Theoretical analysis and experimental results showed that the interaction among particles of differing size and composition is the basic reason for the size effect of soils. Furthermore, the stress concentration and bypass phenomena of the matrix enhance the shear strength of a soil, and the volume ratio of reinforcing particles has an obvious impact on the shear strength. In addition, the newly proposed shear-strength theory agrees well with experimental values.