• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.815-836
• /
• 1999

The role of animal agriculture for the quality of human life has always been emphasized during 20th century and it is expected to be even more important in terms of food supplies and in providing additional functions in the future. The world human population has almost tripled during a period of half century. The world population of animals has increased 2~3 times (6 times for chicken) during the last 60 years, and the total amount of livestock products has increased 5~6 times (more than 10 times in pork) with higher annual growth rate (9%) in developing countries. Increased personal income certainly encouraged demand for animal products over grains and lower animal production costs resulted from scientific and technological advances. Similarly the production of total grains has more than doubled owing to the advances in agricultural science during the later part of the 20th century. The average life span of world people in 1950s was only 46 years, which will be increased to almost 66 years in the year 2000. Present date clearly indicate that the life span of people is proportional to their income (GNP) and/or animal protein intake. Animals can provide other resources than foods. The increase of human population indicates that the number of animals as well as per capita consumption of animal products will be increased in the 21st century. The other resources we get from animals are drafts, packing, riding, hunting and herding. Guiding the blind, protection and companionship are also examples of what we can expect from animals. In the very near future, animals will become major donors of organs, skin and producers of drugs or special functional foods. It may be concluded that animals are very closely associated and related to the quality of human life, and they are expected to remain the same way in the 21st century.

• 보험의학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 1984

Among the person who want to insure, there are not only fair persons who want to become the insurance with not realizing that one was not infected with certain disease but also someones on purpose to overcome the disease through the insurance company with be recognized by oneselves. However, it was found that the ultrasonography and exact effects of medical examination with the existing medical equipments of the insurance company could not be expected. We present some several proven examples for the purpose of getting the advanced effects in medical examination by utilizing the ultrasonic device which is not harmful to human body presently as far as known. We could find affirmation through the check of ultrasonography from 907 cases, in our Department of Medical selection that many portion of the cases checked the medical examination have the present condition of illness even though they enjoy social life with good health and finally the conclusions we have learned are as follows; The aged cases show the increase of rate of possessing disease and man shows 2.2 times of possessing disease than woman. Fatty infiltration of liver take portion of 74.7% from the case checked. 12 cases of cholelithiasis are not conscious of symptom at all. Through the check of ultrasonography in obstetrics and gynecology, myoma uteri be showed high rate of 72.2% from the case of possessing disease. In Case of the potential pregnancing woman it made clear to find pregnancy which was undistincted still more also know the existence and nonexistence of fetal death when pregnancy expected.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제64권4호
• /
• pp.433-438
• /
• 2021

폴리에틸렌은 농업용 필름으로 널리 사용되고 있지만, 이를 친환경적으로 분해하기 위한 기술은 부족한 상황이다. 이에 최근 폴리에틸렌 분해를 위한 친환경 기술 개발에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 폴레에틸렌의 생물학적 분해에는 몇가지 산화 단계가 필요할 것이라고 예상된다. 먼저, 폴리에틸렌 사슬에 2차 알코올이 형성되고, 알코올은 카르보닐기로 산화된다. 이후 과정에서 카르보닐기는 Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO)에 의해 에스터로 전환되고, 이 에스터는 마지막 단계에서 lipase와 esterase에 의해 절단될 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구에서는 폴리에틸렌 분해 과정에 관여하는 중요한 효소 중 하나인 BVMO의 반응 메커니즘, 분류, 효소공학 측면에서 리뷰하였다. 또한 BVMO를 사용한 폴리에틸렌 분해 분야의 향후 연구전망도 간략히 덧붙였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.83-94
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to review the technological deterministic debate that the development of household technology would decrease housework. For the purpose this study made use of all sorts of literature and the interview resources obtained from 86 housewives above 30 years old. It was expected the household capital goods would save housework time and labor. The total time spent in housework and fatigue however seemed not much lessened during the diffusion period. Household capital goods were also expected to enhace the housework satisfaction and increase much housework participation of husband and children; yet neither of them appeared much high during the diffusion period.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2011

This paper considers the maintenance model suggested by Jung and Park (2010) to adopt the Bayesian approach and obtain an optimal replacement policy following the expiration of NFRRW. As the criteria to determine the optimal maintenance period, we use the expected cost during the life cycle of the system. When the failure times are assumed to follow a Weibull distribution with unknown parameters, we propose an optimal maintenance policy based on the Bayesian approach. Also, we describe the revision of uncertainty about parameters in the light of data observed. Some numerical examples are presented for illustrative purpose.

• 응용통계연구
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.531-547
• /
• 2013

연생모형(multiple life model)은 보험계약에서 두 명 또는 그 이상의 피보험자들의 사망 또는 생존의 상태에 따른 보험금을 지급하는 보험 상품의 보험료 결정 및 리스크 관리를 위한 모형이다. 본 논문에서는 부부 가입자 중 마지막 사망자가 발생할 때까지 연금이 지급되는 연생보험의 대표적인 상품인 역모기지를 살펴보고자 한다. 역모기지 상품은 만 60세 이상의 고령자가 소유주택을 담보로 거주하면서 일정액을 대출받지만 대출금을 다시 상환하지 않는 금융상품으로 부부 가입의 경우 대출 기간의 확률분포를 적용하기 위해서는 연생모형을 적용해야만 한다. 그러나 현행 역모기지 상품에 있어서 대출한도 및 월지급금 산출 시 연생모형이 적용되지 않고 있으며 우리나라의 경우에는 국민 생명표 상의 여자 사망률을 대출 종료(연금지급종료)확률로 활용하고 있다. 여자의 사망률을 이용하는 이유는 보수적인 관점에서 대출 종료 시점을 예측하기 위해 일반적으로 남자보다 여자가 더 수명이 길다는 점 때문이다. 고령화로 인해 수명이 점점 길어지는 추세이기 때문에 역모기지와 같이 계약기간이 확정되어 있지 않은 보험 상품의 경우 특히 더 계약 종료 시점에 대한 확률분포가 리스크 관리를 위하여 중요하다. 본 논문의 의의는 역모기지의 발행기관 및 보증기관의 적정한 월지급금 지급과 차후 월지급금의 과대지급으로 인한 지급불능을 방지하기 위해 현행 사용하고 있는 모형의 위험률에서 연생 모형으로 변경할 필요성을 실증분석을 통하여 제시한다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.54-63
• /
• 2004

This study was accomplished to investigate the recognition and the using practices about food-nutrition labeling system of 20's consumers. Two hundred and fifty-four man and women were examined using the questionnaire. The results were as follows. 1. The degree of recognition of subjects about food-nutrition labeling system was low (43.3％) and the using practices were even lower (18.1％). 2. The items considered as important were in the order of shelf life, manufactured date and cost. 3. The confidence score to the food-nutrition labeling system of consumers was 3.2 and was higher in the females compared to males. 4. The preferred method of food-nutrition labeling was in the order of picture and graphic type method, table type method and descriptive type method. 5. The expected effects of the current food-nutrition labeling system were easy to select foods for the prevention of the adult diseases and diet therapy. From these results, we might propose the conclusion as follows: Food-nutrition labeling system might be a good source of nutrition information and the consumers'demand for disease-prevention and dietary purpose. Therefore, the agencies concerned should make an every effort for the successful implementation of food-nutrition labeling system.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.337-349
• /
• 2001

교량은 계속적으로 변하는 하중 환경에 의해서 다른 구조물에 비해 비교적 빨리 노후화 되기 때문에 초기비용 이외에도 교량의 유지관리, 교통의 원활한 소통 또는 적체 등에 따른 비용, 교량의 손상에 따른 보수보강 및 교량의 해체 재건설 등 추가적인 비용의 영향이 크므로 공용간 생애주기 비용(LCC)을 설계단계에서부터 체계적이고 합리적으로 고려되어야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 강상판교의 설계에 있어서 주형의 휨 전단, 사용성, 피로에 대한 보강기대비용 등을 포함하는 LCC에 근거한 비용함수모형을 이용하여 이를 최적설계에 적용하고 기존의 설계방법과 비교 분석하였다. 적용예제의 결과에 나타난 바와 같이 LCC를 고려한 강상판 교량의 최적설계는 더욱 합리적이고, 경제적이며, 안전한 설계를 유동할 수 있으리라 판단된다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제50권1호
• /
• pp.28-31
• /
• 2005

To identify salt-tolerance characteristics of corn seedling was treated in solution of 0, 50 and 100 mM NaCl of hydroponic cultivation. In photosynthesis of corn seedling, there was no large difference between 50mM and 0 mM NaCl solution, however, in 100 mM NaCl solution, the tolerance gradually decreased to $76\%,\;49\%,\;and\;31\%$ after one day, four days, and seven days, respectively, in comparison to 0 mM NaCl solution. Osmotic potential of corn in seedling period was significantly decreased with increasing saline level, however, free proline content in the plant on the ground was significantly increased with increasing saline level and with the lapse of time. In terms of correlation among major characteristics, there was a highly significant positive difference between osmotic pressure potential and photosynthesis, However, highly negative correlation was found between osmotic pressure potential and free proline content. In addition, it was expected that young seedling of corn with saline tolerance may be utilized in the transplantation in salt-accumulated land. Based on above-shown result, in terms of saline tolerance of Chalok-2 variety, growth suppression was serious with 100mM NaCl solution. However, growth was expected that seedling growth would be favorable under 50 mM NaCl solution.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.189-199
• /
• 2002

This study is intended to propose a systematic procedure for the development of the conditional assessment based on the safety of structures and the cost effective performance criteria for designing and upgrading of bridge structures. As a result, a set of cost function models for a life cycle cost analysis of bridge structures is proposed and thus the expected total life cycle costs (ETLCC) including initial (design, testing and construction) costs and direct/indirect damage costs considering repair and replacement costs, human losses and property damage costs, road user costs, and indirect regional economic losses costs. Also, the optimum safety indices are presented based on the expected total cost minimization function using only three parameters of the failure cost to the initial cost (${\tau}$), the extent of increased initial cost by improvement of safety (${\nu}$) and the order of an initial cost function (n). Through the enough numerical invetigations, we can positively conclude that the proposed optimum design procedure for bridge structures based on the ETLCC will lead to more rational, economical and safer design.